E-EVAL: A Comprehensive Chinese K-12 Education Evaluation Benchmark for Large Language Models
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Abstract (arXiv)
With the accelerating development of Large Language Models (LLMs), many LLMs are beginning to be used in the Chinese K-12 education domain. The integration of LLMs and education is getting closer and closer, however, there is currently no benchmark for evaluating LLMs that focuses on the Chinese K-12 education domain. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a comprehensive natural language processing benchmark to accurately assess the capabilities of various LLMs in the Chinese K-12 education domain. To address this, we introduce the E-EVAL, the first comprehensive evaluation benchmark specifically designed for the Chinese K-12 education field. The E-EVAL consists of 4,351 multiple-choice questions at the primary, middle, and high school levels across a wide range of subjects, including Chinese, English, Politics, History, Ethics, Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics, and Geography. We conducted a comprehensive evaluation of E-EVAL on advanced LLMs, including both English-dominant and Chinese-dominant models. Findings show that Chinese-dominant models perform well compared to English-dominant models, with many scoring even above the GPT 4.0. However, almost all models perform poorly in complex subjects such as mathematics. We also found that most Chinese-dominant LLMs did not achieve higher scores at the primary school level compared to the middle school level. We observe that the mastery of higher-order knowledge by the model does not necessarily imply the mastery of lower-order knowledge as well. Additionally, the experimental results indicate that the Chain of Thought (CoT) technique is effective only for the challenging science subjects, while Few-shot prompting is more beneficial for liberal arts subjects. With E-EVAL, we aim to analyze the strengths and limitations of LLMs in educational applications, and to contribute to the progress and development of Chinese K-12 education and LLMs.
Key facts. Cited by 13 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 34 of its 42 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 29 Jan 2024.
Builds on
34 of 42 references.
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Citing papers per year: 2024: 3; 2025: 3; 2026: 7.
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- 2025UGPhysics: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Undergraduate Physics Reasoning with Large Language Modelscited by 45
- 2024How Easily do Irrelevant Inputs Skew the Responses of Large Language Models?cited by 44
- 2025PhysicsArena: The First Multimodal Physics Reasoning Benchmark Exploring Variable, Process, and Solution Dimensionscited by 8
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- 2024IPEval: A Bilingual Intellectual Property Agency Consultation Evaluation Benchmark for Large Language Modelscited by 3
- 2026AIriskEval-edu: New Dataset for Risk Assessment in AI-mediated K-12 Educational Explanationscited by 2
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- 2026K12-KGraph: A Curriculum-Aligned Knowledge Graph for Benchmarking and Training Educational LLMs10 May 2026
- 2026EduEVAL-DB: A Role-Based Dataset for Pedagogical Risk Evaluation in Educational Explanations17 Feb 2026
- 2026EduResearchBench: A Hierarchical Atomic Task Decomposition Benchmark for Full-Lifecycle Educational Research22 Jan 2026
- 2025PhysicsArena: The First Multimodal Physics Reasoning Benchmark Exploring Variable, Process, and Solution Dimensions21 May 2025
- 2025CPG-EVAL: A Multi-Tiered Benchmark for Evaluating the Chinese Pedagogical Grammar Competence of Large Language Models17 Apr 2025
- 2025UGPhysics: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Undergraduate Physics Reasoning with Large Language Models1 Feb 2025
- 2024Educational-Psychological Dialogue Robot Based on Multi-Agent Collaboration5 Dec 2024
- 2024IPEval: A Bilingual Intellectual Property Agency Consultation Evaluation Benchmark for Large Language Models18 Jun 2024
1 more
- 2025UGPhysics: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Undergraduate Physics Reasoning with Large Language Modelscited by 45
- 2025PhysicsArena: The First Multimodal Physics Reasoning Benchmark Exploring Variable, Process, and Solution Dimensionscited by 8
- 2024IPEval: A Bilingual Intellectual Property Agency Consultation Evaluation Benchmark for Large Language Modelscited by 3
- 2025PhysicsArena: The First Multimodal Physics Reasoning Benchmark Exploring Variable, Process, and Solution Dimensions21 May 2025
- 2025UGPhysics: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Undergraduate Physics Reasoning with Large Language Models1 Feb 2025
- 2024IPEval: A Bilingual Intellectual Property Agency Consultation Evaluation Benchmark for Large Language Models18 Jun 2024
- 2024How Easily do Irrelevant Inputs Skew the Responses of Large Language Models?cited by 44
- 2026EduEVAL-DB: A Role-Based Dataset for Pedagogical Risk Evaluation in Educational Explanationscited by 4
- 2026AIriskEval-edu: New Dataset for Risk Assessment in AI-mediated K-12 Educational Explanationscited by 2
- 2025CPG-EVAL: A Multi-Tiered Benchmark for Evaluating the Chinese Pedagogical Grammar Competence of Large Language Modelscited by 1
- 2026K12-KGraph: A Curriculum-Aligned Knowledge Graph for Benchmarking and Training Educational LLMscited by 1
- 2026EduResearchBench: A Hierarchical Atomic Task Decomposition Benchmark for Full-Lifecycle Educational Researchcited by 0
- 2026Are Agents Ready to Teach? A Multi-Stage Benchmark for Real-World Teaching Workflowscited by 0
- 2026OmniEdu: Open Foundation Models for Learning and Teachingcited by 0
- 2026A Benchmark for LLM's Understanding of Middle School and High School Science Topicscited by 0
- 2026A Benchmark for LLM's Understanding of Middle School and High School Science Topics25 Sep 2026
- 2026OmniEdu: Open Foundation Models for Learning and Teaching19 Sep 2026
- 2026AIriskEval-edu: New Dataset for Risk Assessment in AI-mediated K-12 Educational Explanations2 Jul 2026
- 2026Are Agents Ready to Teach? A Multi-Stage Benchmark for Real-World Teaching Workflows14 May 2026
- 2026K12-KGraph: A Curriculum-Aligned Knowledge Graph for Benchmarking and Training Educational LLMs10 May 2026
- 2026EduEVAL-DB: A Role-Based Dataset for Pedagogical Risk Evaluation in Educational Explanations17 Feb 2026
- 2026EduResearchBench: A Hierarchical Atomic Task Decomposition Benchmark for Full-Lifecycle Educational Research22 Jan 2026
- 2025CPG-EVAL: A Multi-Tiered Benchmark for Evaluating the Chinese Pedagogical Grammar Competence of Large Language Models17 Apr 2025
- 2024How Easily do Irrelevant Inputs Skew the Responses of Large Language Models?4 Apr 2024
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