Latent Space Editing in Transformer-Based Flow Matching
On the map: Diffusion models → Image generation, text-to-image and editing
Abstract (arXiv)
This paper strives for image editing via generative models. Flow Matching is an emerging generative modeling technique that offers the advantage of simple and efficient training. Simultaneously, a new transformer-based U-ViT has recently been proposed to replace the commonly used UNet for better scalability and performance in generative modeling. Hence, Flow Matching with a transformer backbone offers the potential for scalable and high-quality generative modeling, but their latent structure and editing ability are as of yet unknown. Hence, we adopt this setting and explore how to edit images through latent space manipulation. We introduce an editing space, which we call u-space, that can be manipulated in a controllable, accumulative, and composable manner. Additionally, we propose a tailored sampling solution to enable sampling with the more efficient adaptive step-size ODE solvers. Lastly, we put forth a straightforward yet powerful method for achieving fine-grained and nuanced editing using text prompts. Our framework is simple and efficient, all while being highly effective at editing images while preserving the essence of the original content. Our code will be publicly available at https://taohu.me/lfm/
Key facts. Cited by 32 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Image generation, text-to-image and editing, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 32 of its 43 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 17 Dec 2023.
Builds on
32 of 43 references.
Closest ancestors · 5
Same direction, newest first
- 2023An Edit Friendly DDPM Noise Space: Inversion and Manipulations12 Apr
- 2022Null-text Inversion for Editing Real Images using Guided Diffusion Models17 Nov
- 2022Photorealistic Text-to-Image Diffusion Models with Deep Language Understanding23 May
- 2022Hierarchical Text-Conditional Image Generation with CLIP Latents13 Apr
- 2021DiffusionCLIP: Text-Guided Diffusion Models for Robust Image Manipulation6 Oct
Other references · 27
- 2020An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at Scalecited by 30,186
- 2015U-Net: Convolutional Networks for Biomedical Image Segmentationcited by 19,713
- 2021High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 18,863
- 2014Microsoft COCO: Common Objects in Contextcited by 17,608
- 2018The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Deep Features as a Perceptual Metriccited by 11,177
- 2022Scalable Diffusion Models with Transformerscited by 6,054
- 2022Flow Matching for Generative Modelingcited by 5,702
- 2021Zero-Shot Text-to-Image Generationcited by 4,288
- 2018Neural Ordinary Differential Equationscited by 3,779
- 2022Flow Straight and Fast: Learning to Generate and Transfer Data with Rectified Flowcited by 3,700
- 2022Prompt-to-Prompt Image Editing with Cross Attention Controlcited by 2,431
- 2021SDEdit: Guided Image Synthesis and Editing with Stochastic Differential Equationscited by 1,937
15 more
- 2019Interpreting the Latent Space of GANs for Semantic Face Editingcited by 695
- 2023Universal Guidance for Diffusion Modelscited by 437
- 2020InterFaceGAN: Interpreting the Disentangled Face Representation Learned by GANscited by 394
- 2022Diffusion Models already have a Semantic Latent Spacecited by 328
- 2023Forget-Me-Not: Learning to Forget in Text-to-Image Diffusion Modelscited by 301
- 2022Scalable Adaptive Computation for Iterative Generationcited by 195
- 2023Minimizing Trajectory Curvature of ODE-based Generative Modelscited by 89
- 2023DiffFit: Unlocking Transferability of Large Diffusion Models via Simple Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuningcited by 84
- 2023Discovering Interpretable Directions in the Semantic Latent Space of Diffusion Modelscited by 60
- 2022Your ViT is Secretly a Hybrid Discriminative-Generative Diffusion Modelcited by 58
- 2022Fast Point Cloud Generation with Straight Flowscited by 56
- 2022Self-Guided Diffusion Modelscited by 37
- 2023Unsupervised Discovery of Semantic Latent Directions in Diffusion Modelscited by 28
- 2023Latent Traversals in Generative Models as Potential Flowscited by 17
- 2023Guided Diffusion from Self-Supervised Diffusion Featurescited by 9
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2024: 12; 2025: 14; 2026: 6.
32 papers.
Sort:
By area:
- 2024ZigMa: A DiT-style Zigzag Mamba Diffusion Modelcited by 84
- 2024DepthFM: Fast Monocular Depth Estimation with Flow Matchingcited by 76
- 2024Diffusion Models and Representation Learning: A Surveycited by 54
- 2024Categorical Flow Matching on Statistical Manifoldscited by 47
- 2024Continuous, Subject-Specific Attribute Control in T2I Models by Identifying Semantic Directionscited by 41
- 2025UniEdit-Flow: Unleashing Inversion and Editing in the Era of Flow Modelscited by 39
- 2025LBM: Latent Bridge Matching for Fast Image-to-Image Translationcited by 36
- 2024Unveil Inversion and Invariance in Flow Transformer for Versatile Image Editingcited by 34
- 2025TREAD: Token Routing for Efficient Architecture-agnostic Diffusion Trainingcited by 21
- 2024Distillation of Diffusion Features for Semantic Correspondencecited by 17
- 2024Self-Corrected Flow Distillation for Consistent One-Step and Few-Step Text-to-Image Generationcited by 16
- 2025SplitFlow: Flow Decomposition for Inversion-Free Text-to-Image Editingcited by 16
20 more
- 2025MaskFlow: Discrete Flows For Flexible and Efficient Long Video Generationcited by 12
- 2024Extended Flow Matching: a Method of Conditional Generation with Generalized Continuity Equationcited by 11
- 2024DiMSUM: Diffusion Mamba -- A Scalable and Unified Spatial-Frequency Method for Image Generationcited by 11
- 2024[MASK] is All You Needcited by 11
- 2025Designing a Conditional Prior Distribution for Flow-Based Generative Modelscited by 10
- 2026Flow Matching is Adaptive to Manifold Structurescited by 10
- 2025From Faces to Voices: Learning Hierarchical Representations for High-quality Video-to-Speechcited by 9
- 2025SCFlow: Implicitly Learning Style and Content Disentanglement with Flow Modelscited by 5
- 2025Purrception: Variational Flow Matching for Vector-Quantized Image Generationcited by 4
- 2024Beyond Image Prior: Embedding Noise Prior into Conditional Denoising Transformercited by 3
- 2025Diffusion Bridge or Flow Matching? A Unifying Framework and Comparative Analysiscited by 3
- 2025CTSR: Controllable Fidelity-Realness Trade-off Distillation for Real-World Image Super Resolutioncited by 2
- 20253D-Consistent Multi-View Editing by Correspondence Guidancecited by 2
- 2026Measure-to-measure Regression with Transformerscited by 2
- 2025LGCC: Enhancing Flow Matching Based Text-Guided Image Editing with Local Gaussian Coupling and Context Consistencycited by 1
- 2026LensStyle: Learning the Optical Aesthetics for Controllable Stylized Lens Effect Renderingcited by 1
- 2025Latent Iterative Refinement Flow: A Geometric Constrained Approach for Few-Shot Generationcited by 0
- 2026Inference-time Trajectory Optimization for Structure-Preserving Manga Image Editingcited by 0
- 2026Encoder-Decoder Manifold Alignment for Idempotent Generationcited by 0
- 2026Training-Free Hidden-State Refinement for Flow-Matching Image Generatorscited by 0
- 2026LensStyle: Learning the Optical Aesthetics for Controllable Stylized Lens Effect Rendering4 Sep 2026
- 2026Training-Free Hidden-State Refinement for Flow-Matching Image Generators29 Aug 2026
- 2026Encoder-Decoder Manifold Alignment for Idempotent Generation21 Jun 2026
- 2026Measure-to-measure Regression with Transformers27 May 2026
- 2026Inference-time Trajectory Optimization for Structure-Preserving Manga Image Editing29 Mar 2026
- 2026Flow Matching is Adaptive to Manifold Structures25 Feb 2026
- 20253D-Consistent Multi-View Editing by Correspondence Guidance27 Nov 2025
- 2025LGCC: Enhancing Flow Matching Based Text-Guided Image Editing with Local Gaussian Coupling and Context Consistency29 Oct 2025
- 2025SplitFlow: Flow Decomposition for Inversion-Free Text-to-Image Editing29 Oct 2025
- 2025Purrception: Variational Flow Matching for Vector-Quantized Image Generation1 Oct 2025
- 2025Diffusion Bridge or Flow Matching? A Unifying Framework and Comparative Analysis29 Sep 2025
- 2025Latent Iterative Refinement Flow: A Geometric Constrained Approach for Few-Shot Generation24 Sep 2025
20 more
- 2025SCFlow: Implicitly Learning Style and Content Disentanglement with Flow Models5 Aug 2025
- 2025UniEdit-Flow: Unleashing Inversion and Editing in the Era of Flow Models17 Apr 2025
- 2025From Faces to Voices: Learning Hierarchical Representations for High-quality Video-to-Speech21 Mar 2025
- 2025CTSR: Controllable Fidelity-Realness Trade-off Distillation for Real-World Image Super Resolution18 Mar 2025
- 2025LBM: Latent Bridge Matching for Fast Image-to-Image Translation10 Mar 2025
- 2025MaskFlow: Discrete Flows For Flexible and Efficient Long Video Generation16 Feb 2025
- 2025Designing a Conditional Prior Distribution for Flow-Based Generative Models13 Feb 2025
- 2025TREAD: Token Routing for Efficient Architecture-agnostic Diffusion Training8 Jan 2025
- 2024Self-Corrected Flow Distillation for Consistent One-Step and Few-Step Text-to-Image Generation22 Dec 2024
- 2024[MASK] is All You Need9 Dec 2024
- 2024Distillation of Diffusion Features for Semantic Correspondence4 Dec 2024
- 2024Unveil Inversion and Invariance in Flow Transformer for Versatile Image Editing24 Nov 2024
- 2024DiMSUM: Diffusion Mamba -- A Scalable and Unified Spatial-Frequency Method for Image Generation6 Nov 2024
- 2024Beyond Image Prior: Embedding Noise Prior into Conditional Denoising Transformer12 Jul 2024
- 2024Diffusion Models and Representation Learning: A Survey30 Jun 2024
- 2024Categorical Flow Matching on Statistical Manifolds26 May 2024
- 2024Continuous, Subject-Specific Attribute Control in T2I Models by Identifying Semantic Directions25 Mar 2024
- 2024ZigMa: A DiT-style Zigzag Mamba Diffusion Model20 Mar 2024
- 2024DepthFM: Fast Monocular Depth Estimation with Flow Matching20 Mar 2024
- 2024Extended Flow Matching: a Method of Conditional Generation with Generalized Continuity Equation29 Feb 2024
- 2024ZigMa: A DiT-style Zigzag Mamba Diffusion Modelcited by 84
- 2024DepthFM: Fast Monocular Depth Estimation with Flow Matchingcited by 76
- 2024Diffusion Models and Representation Learning: A Surveycited by 54
- 2024Categorical Flow Matching on Statistical Manifoldscited by 47
- 2024Continuous, Subject-Specific Attribute Control in T2I Models by Identifying Semantic Directionscited by 41
- 2025UniEdit-Flow: Unleashing Inversion and Editing in the Era of Flow Modelscited by 39
- 2025TREAD: Token Routing for Efficient Architecture-agnostic Diffusion Trainingcited by 21
- 2024Self-Corrected Flow Distillation for Consistent One-Step and Few-Step Text-to-Image Generationcited by 16
- 2025SplitFlow: Flow Decomposition for Inversion-Free Text-to-Image Editingcited by 16
- 2024Extended Flow Matching: a Method of Conditional Generation with Generalized Continuity Equationcited by 11
- 2024DiMSUM: Diffusion Mamba -- A Scalable and Unified Spatial-Frequency Method for Image Generationcited by 11
- 2024[MASK] is All You Needcited by 11
12 most cited of 18 All 18 (JSON)
- 2026Training-Free Hidden-State Refinement for Flow-Matching Image Generators29 Aug 2026
- 2026Flow Matching is Adaptive to Manifold Structures25 Feb 2026
- 2025SplitFlow: Flow Decomposition for Inversion-Free Text-to-Image Editing29 Oct 2025
- 2025Purrception: Variational Flow Matching for Vector-Quantized Image Generation1 Oct 2025
- 2025Diffusion Bridge or Flow Matching? A Unifying Framework and Comparative Analysis29 Sep 2025
- 2025Latent Iterative Refinement Flow: A Geometric Constrained Approach for Few-Shot Generation24 Sep 2025
- 2025SCFlow: Implicitly Learning Style and Content Disentanglement with Flow Models5 Aug 2025
- 2025UniEdit-Flow: Unleashing Inversion and Editing in the Era of Flow Models17 Apr 2025
- 2025TREAD: Token Routing for Efficient Architecture-agnostic Diffusion Training8 Jan 2025
- 2024Self-Corrected Flow Distillation for Consistent One-Step and Few-Step Text-to-Image Generation22 Dec 2024
- 2024[MASK] is All You Need9 Dec 2024
- 2024DiMSUM: Diffusion Mamba -- A Scalable and Unified Spatial-Frequency Method for Image Generation6 Nov 2024
12 newest of 18 All 18 (JSON)
- 2025LBM: Latent Bridge Matching for Fast Image-to-Image Translationcited by 36
- 2024Unveil Inversion and Invariance in Flow Transformer for Versatile Image Editingcited by 34
- 2024Distillation of Diffusion Features for Semantic Correspondencecited by 17
- 2025MaskFlow: Discrete Flows For Flexible and Efficient Long Video Generationcited by 12
- 2025Designing a Conditional Prior Distribution for Flow-Based Generative Modelscited by 10
- 2025From Faces to Voices: Learning Hierarchical Representations for High-quality Video-to-Speechcited by 9
- 2024Beyond Image Prior: Embedding Noise Prior into Conditional Denoising Transformercited by 3
- 2025CTSR: Controllable Fidelity-Realness Trade-off Distillation for Real-World Image Super Resolutioncited by 2
- 20253D-Consistent Multi-View Editing by Correspondence Guidancecited by 2
- 2026Measure-to-measure Regression with Transformerscited by 2
- 2026LensStyle: Learning the Optical Aesthetics for Controllable Stylized Lens Effect Renderingcited by 1
- 2026Inference-time Trajectory Optimization for Structure-Preserving Manga Image Editingcited by 0
12 most cited of 13 All 13 (JSON)
- 2026LensStyle: Learning the Optical Aesthetics for Controllable Stylized Lens Effect Rendering4 Sep 2026
- 2026Encoder-Decoder Manifold Alignment for Idempotent Generation21 Jun 2026
- 2026Measure-to-measure Regression with Transformers27 May 2026
- 2026Inference-time Trajectory Optimization for Structure-Preserving Manga Image Editing29 Mar 2026
- 20253D-Consistent Multi-View Editing by Correspondence Guidance27 Nov 2025
- 2025From Faces to Voices: Learning Hierarchical Representations for High-quality Video-to-Speech21 Mar 2025
- 2025CTSR: Controllable Fidelity-Realness Trade-off Distillation for Real-World Image Super Resolution18 Mar 2025
- 2025LBM: Latent Bridge Matching for Fast Image-to-Image Translation10 Mar 2025
- 2025MaskFlow: Discrete Flows For Flexible and Efficient Long Video Generation16 Feb 2025
- 2025Designing a Conditional Prior Distribution for Flow-Based Generative Models13 Feb 2025
- 2024Distillation of Diffusion Features for Semantic Correspondence4 Dec 2024
- 2024Unveil Inversion and Invariance in Flow Transformer for Versatile Image Editing24 Nov 2024
12 newest of 13 All 13 (JSON)
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2023Flow Matching in Latent Space
- 2024Convergence Analysis of Flow Matching in Latent Space with Transformers
- 2026AdaEdit: Adaptive Temporal and Channel Modulation for Flow-Based Image Editing
- 2025FlowAlign: Trajectory-Regularized, Inversion-Free Flow-based Image Editing
- 2025FLUX.1 Kontext: Flow Matching for In-Context Image Generation and Editing in Latent Space
- 2025Aligning Latent Spaces with Flow Priors
- 2026Bootstrap Your Generator: Unpaired Visual Editing with Flow Matching
- 2026BiFM: Bidirectional Flow Matching for Few-Step Image Editing and Generation