ZSC-Eval: An Evaluation Toolkit and Benchmark for Multi-agent Zero-shot Coordination
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Abstract (arXiv)
Zero-shot coordination (ZSC) is a new cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) challenge that aims to train an ego agent to work with diverse, unseen partners during deployment. The significant difference between the deployment-time partners' distribution and the training partners' distribution determined by the training algorithm makes ZSC a unique out-of-distribution (OOD) generalization challenge. The potential distribution gap between evaluation and deployment-time partners leads to inadequate evaluation, which is exacerbated by the lack of appropriate evaluation metrics. In this paper, we present ZSC-Eval, the first evaluation toolkit and benchmark for ZSC algorithms. ZSC-Eval consists of: 1) Generation of evaluation partner candidates through behavior-preferring rewards to approximate deployment-time partners' distribution; 2) Selection of evaluation partners by Best-Response Diversity (BR-Div); 3) Measurement of generalization performance with various evaluation partners via the Best-Response Proximity (BR-Prox) metric. We use ZSC-Eval to benchmark ZSC algorithms in Overcooked and Google Research Football environments and get novel empirical findings. We also conduct a human experiment of current ZSC algorithms to verify the ZSC-Eval's consistency with human evaluation. ZSC-Eval is now available at https://github.com/sjtu-marl/ZSC-Eval.
Key facts. Cited by 23 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 40 of its 64 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 8 Oct 2023.
Builds on
40 of 64 references.
References · 40
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- 2020Effective Diversity in Population Based Reinforcement Learningcited by 116
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- 2021Maximum Entropy Population-Based Training for Zero-Shot Human-AI Coordinationcited by 69
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Citing papers per year: 2024: 4; 2025: 12; 2026: 7.
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