Scaling Up Music Information Retrieval Training with Semi-Supervised Learning
On the map: Knowledge distillation → Speech and audio distillation
Abstract (arXiv)
In the era of data-driven Music Information Retrieval (MIR), the scarcity of labeled data has been one of the major concerns to the success of an MIR task. In this work, we leverage the semi-supervised teacher-student training approach to improve MIR tasks. For training, we scale up the unlabeled music data to 240k hours, which is much larger than any public MIR datasets. We iteratively create and refine the pseudo-labels in the noisy teacher-student training process. Knowledge expansion is also explored to iteratively scale up the model sizes from as small as less than 3M to almost 100M parameters. We study the performance correlation between data size and model size in the experiments. By scaling up both model size and training data, our models achieve state-of-the-art results on several MIR tasks compared to models that are either trained in a supervised manner or based on a self-supervised pretrained model. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt to study the effects of scaling up both model and training data for a variety of MIR tasks.
Key facts. Cited by 2 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Speech and audio distillation, one of 12 directions in Knowledge distillation. Builds on 17 of its 37 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 2 Oct 2023.
Builds on
17 of 37 references.
References · 17
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5 more
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Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2025: 1; 2026: 1.
2 papers.
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2026Linear Complexity Self-Supervised Learning for Music Understanding with Random Quantizer
- 2023Audio Embeddings as Teachers for Music Classification
- 2025MUST-RAG: MUSical Text Question Answering with Retrieval Augmented Generation
- 2025ArtistMus: A Globally Diverse, Artist-Centric Benchmark for Retrieval-Augmented Music Question Answering
- 2025Music Flamingo: Scaling Music Understanding in Audio Language Models
- 2025Distilling a speech and music encoder with task arithmetic
- 2025MuCPT: Music-related Natural Language Model Continued Pretraining
- 2024Foundation Models for Music: A Survey