Proxy Anchor-based Unsupervised Learning for Continuous Generalized Category Discovery
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
Recent advances in deep learning have significantly improved the performance of various computer vision applications. However, discovering novel categories in an incremental learning scenario remains a challenging problem due to the lack of prior knowledge about the number and nature of new categories. Existing methods for novel category discovery are limited by their reliance on labeled datasets and prior knowledge about the number of novel categories and the proportion of novel samples in the batch. To address the limitations and more accurately reflect real-world scenarios, in this paper, we propose a novel unsupervised class incremental learning approach for discovering novel categories on unlabeled sets without prior knowledge. The proposed method fine-tunes the feature extractor and proxy anchors on labeled sets, then splits samples into old and novel categories and clusters on the unlabeled dataset. Furthermore, the proxy anchors-based exemplar generates representative category vectors to mitigate catastrophic forgetting. Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed approach outperforms the state-of-the-art methods on fine-grained datasets under real-world scenarios.
Key facts. Cited by 16 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 32 of its 55 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 20 Jul 2023.
Builds on
32 of 55 references.
References · 32
- 2015FaceNet: A Unified Embedding for Face Recognition and Clusteringcited by 2,849
- 2016iCaRL: Incremental Classifier and Representation Learningcited by 2,333
- 2013Fine-Grained Visual Classification of Aircraftcited by 1,726
- 2020DivideMix: Learning with Noisy Labels as Semi-supervised Learningcited by 692
- 2015Deep Metric Learning via Lifted Structured Feature Embeddingcited by 449
- 2019Multi-Similarity Loss with General Pair Weighting for Deep Metric Learningcited by 368
- 2021Rainbow Memory: Continual Learning with a Memory of Diverse Samplescited by 273
- 2017No Fuss Distance Metric Learning using Proxiescited by 226
- 2019Learning to Discover Novel Visual Categories via Deep Transfer Clusteringcited by 225
- 2022Generalized Category Discoverycited by 211
- 2019Understanding and Utilizing Deep Neural Networks Trained with Noisy Labelscited by 209
- 2020Proxy Anchor Loss for Deep Metric Learningcited by 195
20 more
- 2014Learning Fine-grained Image Similarity with Deep Rankingcited by 190
- 2019SoftTriple Loss: Deep Metric Learning Without Triplet Samplingcited by 163
- 2021A Unified Objective for Novel Class Discoverycited by 162
- 2020Automatically Discovering and Learning New Visual Categories with Ranking Statisticscited by 143
- 2017Learning to cluster in order to transfer across domains and taskscited by 128
- 2021Neighborhood Contrastive Learning for Novel Class Discoverycited by 121
- 2021AutoNovel: Automatically Discovering and Learning Novel Visual Categoriescited by 116
- 2020ProxyNCA++: Revisiting and Revitalizing Proxy Neighborhood Component Analysiscited by 107
- 2021Novel Visual Category Discovery with Dual Ranking Statistics and Mutual Knowledge Distillationcited by 104
- 2019Multi-class Classification without Multi-class Labelscited by 100
- 2020OpenMix: Reviving Known Knowledge for Discovering Novel Visual Categories in An Open Worldcited by 93
- 2021Augmentation Strategies for Learning with Noisy Labelscited by 86
- 2019Ranked List Loss for Deep Metric Learningcited by 77
- 2021Joint Representation Learning and Novel Category Discovery on Single- and Multi-modal Datacited by 55
- 2022DeepDPM: Deep Clustering With an Unknown Number of Clusterscited by 52
- 2022XCon: Learning with Experts for Fine-grained Category Discoverycited by 50
- 2022Class-incremental Novel Class Discoverycited by 42
- 2022Novel Class Discovery without Forgettingcited by 39
- 2022Grow and Merge: A Unified Framework for Continuous Categories Discoverycited by 33
- 2022SplitNet: Learnable Clean-Noisy Label Splitting for Learning with Noisy Labelscited by 5
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2023: 2; 2024: 7; 2025: 7.
16 papers.
Sort:
By area:
- 2023Learn to Categorize or Categorize to Learn? Self-Coding for Generalized Category Discoverycited by 39
- 2024SelEx: Self-Expertise in Fine-Grained Generalized Category Discoverycited by 34
- 2024Happy: A Debiased Learning Framework for Continual Generalized Category Discoverycited by 18
- 2024Effective Prompt Pool Learning for Continual Category Discoverycited by 14
- 2025Generate, Refine, and Encode: Leveraging Synthesized Novel Samples for On-the-Fly Fine-Grained Category Discoverycited by 10
- 2025Consistent Supervised-Unsupervised Alignment for Generalized Category Discoverycited by 6
- 2023Category Adaptation Meets Projected Distillation in Generalized Continual Category Discoverycited by 5
- 2024Online Continuous Generalized Category Discoverycited by 5
- 2025Category Discovery: An Open-World Perspectivecited by 5
- 2024Beyond Known Clusters: Probe New Prototypes for Efficient Generalized Class Discoverycited by 4
- 2024Labeled Data Selection for Category Discoverycited by 4
- 2024A Fresh Look at Generalized Category Discovery through Non-negative Matrix Factorizationcited by 2
4 more
- 2025Proxy-Anchor and EVT-Driven Continual Learning Method for Generalized Category Discoverycited by 1
- 2025Interpretable Text-Guided Image Clustering via Iterative Searchcited by 0
- 2025Unsupervised Incremental Learning Using Confidence-Based Pseudo-Labelscited by 0
- 2025ReLKD: Inter-Class Relation Learning with Knowledge Distillation for Generalized Category Discoverycited by 0
- 2025ReLKD: Inter-Class Relation Learning with Knowledge Distillation for Generalized Category Discovery8 Dec 2025
- 2025Category Discovery: An Open-World Perspective26 Sep 2025
- 2025Unsupervised Incremental Learning Using Confidence-Based Pseudo-Labels29 Aug 2025
- 2025Consistent Supervised-Unsupervised Alignment for Generalized Category Discovery7 Jul 2025
- 2025Generate, Refine, and Encode: Leveraging Synthesized Novel Samples for On-the-Fly Fine-Grained Category Discovery5 Jul 2025
- 2025Interpretable Text-Guided Image Clustering via Iterative Search14 Jun 2025
- 2025Proxy-Anchor and EVT-Driven Continual Learning Method for Generalized Category Discovery11 Apr 2025
- 2024A Fresh Look at Generalized Category Discovery through Non-negative Matrix Factorization29 Oct 2024
- 2024Happy: A Debiased Learning Framework for Continual Generalized Category Discovery9 Oct 2024
- 2024SelEx: Self-Expertise in Fine-Grained Generalized Category Discovery26 Aug 2024
- 2024Online Continuous Generalized Category Discovery24 Aug 2024
- 2024Effective Prompt Pool Learning for Continual Category Discovery26 Jul 2024
4 more
- 2024Labeled Data Selection for Category Discovery7 Jun 2024
- 2024Beyond Known Clusters: Probe New Prototypes for Efficient Generalized Class Discovery13 Apr 2024
- 2023Learn to Categorize or Categorize to Learn? Self-Coding for Generalized Category Discovery30 Oct 2023
- 2023Category Adaptation Meets Projected Distillation in Generalized Continual Category Discovery23 Aug 2023
- 2023Learn to Categorize or Categorize to Learn? Self-Coding for Generalized Category Discoverycited by 39
- 2024SelEx: Self-Expertise in Fine-Grained Generalized Category Discoverycited by 34
- 2024Happy: A Debiased Learning Framework for Continual Generalized Category Discoverycited by 18
- 2024Effective Prompt Pool Learning for Continual Category Discoverycited by 14
- 2025Generate, Refine, and Encode: Leveraging Synthesized Novel Samples for On-the-Fly Fine-Grained Category Discoverycited by 10
- 2025Consistent Supervised-Unsupervised Alignment for Generalized Category Discoverycited by 6
- 2024Online Continuous Generalized Category Discoverycited by 5
- 2025Category Discovery: An Open-World Perspectivecited by 5
- 2024Beyond Known Clusters: Probe New Prototypes for Efficient Generalized Class Discoverycited by 4
- 2024Labeled Data Selection for Category Discoverycited by 4
- 2024A Fresh Look at Generalized Category Discovery through Non-negative Matrix Factorizationcited by 2
- 2025Proxy-Anchor and EVT-Driven Continual Learning Method for Generalized Category Discoverycited by 1
12 most cited of 14 All 14 (JSON)
- 2025Category Discovery: An Open-World Perspective26 Sep 2025
- 2025Unsupervised Incremental Learning Using Confidence-Based Pseudo-Labels29 Aug 2025
- 2025Consistent Supervised-Unsupervised Alignment for Generalized Category Discovery7 Jul 2025
- 2025Generate, Refine, and Encode: Leveraging Synthesized Novel Samples for On-the-Fly Fine-Grained Category Discovery5 Jul 2025
- 2025Interpretable Text-Guided Image Clustering via Iterative Search14 Jun 2025
- 2025Proxy-Anchor and EVT-Driven Continual Learning Method for Generalized Category Discovery11 Apr 2025
- 2024A Fresh Look at Generalized Category Discovery through Non-negative Matrix Factorization29 Oct 2024
- 2024Happy: A Debiased Learning Framework for Continual Generalized Category Discovery9 Oct 2024
- 2024SelEx: Self-Expertise in Fine-Grained Generalized Category Discovery26 Aug 2024
- 2024Online Continuous Generalized Category Discovery24 Aug 2024
- 2024Effective Prompt Pool Learning for Continual Category Discovery26 Jul 2024
- 2024Labeled Data Selection for Category Discovery7 Jun 2024
12 newest of 14 All 14 (JSON)