mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

CheXmask: a large-scale dataset of anatomical segmentation masks for multi-center chest x-ray images

arXiv 2307.03293 ↗First posted 6 Jul 2023eess.IV cs.CV physics.med-phcited by 33

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Abstract (arXiv)

The development of successful artificial intelligence models for chest X-ray analysis relies on large, diverse datasets with high-quality annotations. While several databases of chest X-ray images have been released, most include disease diagnosis labels but lack detailed pixel-level anatomical segmentation labels. To address this gap, we introduce an extensive chest X-ray multi-center segmentation dataset with uniform and fine-grain anatomical annotations for images coming from five well-known publicly available databases: ChestX-ray8, Chexpert, MIMIC-CXR-JPG, Padchest, and VinDr-CXR, resulting in 657,566 segmentation masks. Our methodology utilizes the HybridGNet model to ensure consistent and high-quality segmentations across all datasets. Rigorous validation, including expert physician evaluation and automatic quality control, was conducted to validate the resulting masks. Additionally, we provide individualized quality indices per mask and an overall quality estimation per dataset. This dataset serves as a valuable resource for the broader scientific community, streamlining the development and assessment of innovative methodologies in chest X-ray analysis. The CheXmask dataset is publicly available at: https://physionet.org/content/chexmask-cxr-segmentation-data/

Key facts. Cited by 33 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 18 of its 36 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 6 Jul 2023.

Builds on

18 of 36 references.

References · 18

  1. 2015U-Net: Convolutional Networks for Biomedical Image Segmentationcited by 19,604
  2. 2019CheXpert: A Large Chest Radiograph Dataset with Uncertainty Labels and Expert Comparisoncited by 1,410
  3. 2017A Survey on Deep Learning in Medical Image Analysiscited by 1,182
  4. 2017ChestX-ray8: Hospital-scale Chest X-ray Database and Benchmarks on Weakly-Supervised Classification and Localization of Common Thorax Diseasescited by 969
  5. 2019MIMIC-CXR-JPG, a large publicly available database of labeled chest radiographscited by 590
  6. 2017CheXNet: Radiologist-Level Pneumonia Detection on Chest X-Rays with Deep Learningcited by 459
  7. 2019PadChest: A large chest x-ray image dataset with multi-label annotated reportscited by 308
  8. 2020VinDr-CXR: An open dataset of chest X-rays with radiologist's annotationscited by 236
  9. 2020Post-DAE: Anatomically Plausible Segmentation via Post-Processing with Denoising Autoencoderscited by 38
  10. 2017Reverse Classification Accuracy: Predicting Segmentation Performance in the Absence of Ground Truthcited by 35
  11. 2022Improving anatomical plausibility in medical image segmentation via hybrid graph neural networks: applications to chest x-ray analysiscited by 25
  12. 2022Detailed Annotations of Chest X-Rays via CT Projection for Report Understandingcited by 24
6 more
  1. 2023Accurate Fine-Grained Segmentation of Human Anatomy in Radiographs via Volumetric Pseudo-Labelingcited by 24
  2. 2020Learning Deformable Registration of Medical Images with Anatomical Constraintscited by 19
  3. 2021Hybrid graph convolutional neural networks for landmark-based anatomical segmentationcited by 10
  4. 2019Joint Learning of Brain Lesion and Anatomy Segmentation from Heterogeneous Datasetscited by 5
  5. 2022How precise are performance estimates for typical medical image segmentation tasks?cited by 5
  6. 2022Multi-center anatomical segmentation with heterogeneous labels via landmark-based modelscited by 5

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2023: 4; 2024: 4; 2025: 13; 2026: 12.

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  1. 2024Exploring scalable medical image encoders beyond text supervisioncited by 129
  2. 2023RadEdit: stress-testing biomedical vision models via diffusion image editingcited by 28
  3. 2023Learning A Multi-Task Transformer Via Unified And Customized Instruction Tuning For Chest Radiograph Interpretationcited by 14
  4. 2025CF-Seg: Counterfactuals meet Segmentationcited by 10
  5. 2025In the Picture: Medical Imaging Datasets, Artifacts, and their Living Reviewcited by 8
  6. 2023Augmenting Chest X-ray Datasets with Non-Expert Annotationscited by 6
  7. 2024Mask of truth: model sensitivity to unexpected regions of medical imagescited by 6
  8. 2025Instruction-Guided Lesion Segmentation for Chest X-rays with Automatically Generated Large-Scale Datasetcited by 5
  9. 2026A unified multi-task framework enables interpretable chest radiograph analysiscited by 5
  10. 2024Unsupervised Training of Neural Cellular Automata on Edge Devicescited by 4
  11. 2025ConfIC-RCA: Statistically Grounded Efficient Estimation of Segmentation Qualitycited by 3
  12. 2025Foundation X: Integrating Classification, Localization, and Segmentation through Lock-Release Pretraining Strategy for Chest X-ray Analysiscited by 3
21 more
  1. 2025Anatomy-VLM: A Fine-grained Vision-Language Model for Medical Interpretationcited by 3
  2. 2025CheXmask-U: Quantifying uncertainty in landmark-based anatomical segmentation for X-ray imagescited by 2
  3. 2024Adaptive Interactive Segmentation for Multimodal Medical Imaging via Selection Enginecited by 1
  4. 2025Enhancing Multi-task Learning Capability of Medical Generalist Foundation Model via Image-centric Multi-annotation Datacited by 1
  5. 2025Multivariate Planar Curves: A Statistical Framework for Shape Analysis in Imagescited by 1
  6. 2025Feature Quality and Adaptability of Medical Foundation Models: A Comparative Evaluation for Radiographic Classification and Segmentationcited by 1
  7. 2026From Cold Start to Active Learning: Embedding-Based Scan Selection for Medical Image Segmentationcited by 1
  8. 2026Pixel-level Counterfactual Contrastive Learning for Medical Image Segmentationcited by 1
  9. 2023PneumoLLM: Harnessing the Power of Large Language Model for Pneumoconiosis Diagnosiscited by 0
  10. 2025Evaluating Vision Language Models (VLMs) for Radiology: A Comprehensive Analysiscited by 0
  11. 2025Anatomic Feature Fusion Model for Diagnosing Calcified Pulmonary Nodules on Chest X-Raycited by 0
  12. 2025Radiology Report Generation with Layer-Wise Anatomical Attentioncited by 0
  13. 2026The Invisible Gorilla Effect in Out-of-distribution Detectioncited by 0
  14. 2026The Impact of Preprocessing Methods on Racial Encoding and Model Robustness in CXR Diagnosiscited by 0
  15. 2026LoFi: Location-Aware Fine-Grained Representation Learning for Chest X-raycited by 0
  16. 2026Instruction-Free Tuning of Large Vision Language Models for Medical Instruction Followingcited by 0
  17. 2026CheXanatomy: Anatomy-Aware Vision-Language Modeling for Chest Radiographscited by 0
  18. 2026Location-Aware Fine-Grained Representation Learning for Medical Vision Foundation Modelscited by 0
  19. 2026Beyond Parameter Space: NTK-Guided Personalized Aggregation for Robust Federated Learningcited by 0
  20. 2026CoM3eT: A foundation model for medical image analysis through federated, multidimensional context integrationcited by 0
  21. 2026FleXray: Universal Clinical X-ray Segmentationcited by 0