Information Retrieval: Recent Advances and Beyond
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Abstract (arXiv)
In this paper, we provide a detailed overview of the models used for information retrieval in the first and second stages of the typical processing chain. We discuss the current state-of-the-art models, including methods based on terms, semantic retrieval, and neural. Additionally, we delve into the key topics related to the learning process of these models. This way, this survey offers a comprehensive understanding of the field and is of interest for for researchers and practitioners entering/working in the information retrieval domain.
Key facts. Cited by 49 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 20 Jan 2023.
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Citing papers per year: 2023: 2; 2024: 12; 2025: 27; 2026: 8.
49 papers.
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- 2025Benchmarking Prompt Sensitivity in Large Language Modelscited by 38
- 2024RAG and RAU: A Survey on Retrieval-Augmented Language Model in Natural Language Processingcited by 25
- 2023MILL: Mutual Verification with Large Language Models for Zero-Shot Query Expansioncited by 22
- 2024Question-Based Retrieval using Atomic Units for Enterprise RAGcited by 16
- 2024Enhancing Q&A Text Retrieval with Ranking Models: Benchmarking, fine-tuning and deploying Rerankers for RAGcited by 16
- 2024Writing Style Matters: An Examination of Bias and Fairness in Information Retrieval Systemscited by 15
- 2025Interpretable Text Embeddings and Text Similarity Explanation: A Surveycited by 12
- 2025Iterative Self-Incentivization Empowers Large Language Models as Agentic Searcherscited by 11
- 2025Keyword search is all you need: Achieving RAG-Level Performance without vector databases using agentic tool usecited by 10
- 2024PhysBERT: A Text Embedding Model for Physics Scientific Literaturecited by 8
- 2025A Survey on Retrieval And Structuring Augmented Generation with Large Language Modelscited by 8
- 2024SynapticRAG: Enhancing Temporal Memory Retrieval in Large Language Models through Synaptic Mechanismscited by 5
37 more
- 2025Bias-Aware Agent: Enhancing Fairness in AI-Driven Knowledge Retrievalcited by 5
- 2025LegalRAG: A Hybrid RAG System for Multilingual Legal Information Retrievalcited by 5
- 2024COS-Mix: Cosine Similarity and Distance Fusion for Improved Information Retrievalcited by 4
- 2024Smart Audit System Empowered by LLMcited by 4
- 2024ASSERTIFY: Utilizing Large Language Models to Generate Assertions for Production Codecited by 4
- 2025EcoSafeRAG: Efficient Security through Context Analysis in Retrieval-Augmented Generationcited by 4
- 2025From Ranking to Selection: A Simple but Efficient Dynamic Passage Selector for Retrieval Augmented Generationcited by 4
- 2025Test-time Corpus Feedback: From Retrieval to RAGcited by 3
- 2023NAIL: Lexical Retrieval Indices with Efficient Non-Autoregressive Decoderscited by 2
- 2025DS@GT at CheckThat! 2025: Evaluating Context and Tokenization Strategies for Numerical Fact Verificationcited by 2
- 2025+VeriRel: Verification Feedback to Enhance Document Retrieval for Scientific Fact Checkingcited by 2
- 2025Investigating LLM Variability in Personalized Conversational Information Retrievalcited by 2
- 2025MedAI: Evaluating TxAgent's Therapeutic Agentic Reasoning in the NeurIPS CURE-Bench Competitioncited by 2
- 2024Enhancing Retrieval Processes for Language Generation with Augmented Queriescited by 1
- 2024URL: Universal Referential Knowledge Linking via Task-instructed Representation Compressioncited by 1
- 2024MODOC: A Modular Interface for Flexible Interlinking of Text Retrieval and Text Generation Functionscited by 1
- 2025RAGtifier: Evaluating RAG Generation Approaches of State-of-the-Art RAG Systems for the SIGIR LiveRAG Competitioncited by 1
- 2025SHE: Stepwise Hybrid Examination Reinforcement Learning Framework for E-commerce Search Relevancecited by 1
- 2025Multi-Objective Planning with Contextual Lexicographic Reward Preferencescited by 0
- 2025Leveraging Natural Language Processing to Unravel the Mystery of Life: A Review of NLP Approaches in Genomics, Transcriptomics, and Proteomicscited by 0
- 2025Mechanistic Decomposition of Sentence Representationscited by 0
- 2025NEAR2: A Nested Embedding Approach to Efficient Product Retrieval and Rankingcited by 0
- 2025NEU-ESC: A Comprehensive Vietnamese dataset for Educational Sentiment analysis and topic Classification toward multitask learningcited by 0
- 2025Ontology-Guided Query Expansion for Biomedical Document Retrieval using Large Language Modelscited by 0
- 2025ReCap: Event-Aware Image Captioning with Article Retrieval and Semantic Gaussian Normalizationcited by 0
- 2025Fine-grained auxiliary learning for real-world product recommendationcited by 0
- 2025Repeatability is not recovery: Quantifying algorithmic stability and topic recovery in Latent Dirichlet Allocationcited by 0
- 2025A Multimodal Conversational Agent for Tabular Data Analysiscited by 0
- 2025Generative Query Expansion with Multilingual LLMs for Cross-Lingual Information Retrievalcited by 0
- 2026To Case or Not to Case: An Empirical Study in Learned Sparse Retrievalcited by 0
- 2026GaiaFlow: Semantic-Guided Diffusion Tuning for Carbon-Frugal Searchcited by 0
- 2026The Initial Exploration Problem in Knowledge Graph Explorationcited by 0
- 2026A Two-Stage Architecture for NDA Analysis: LLM-based Segmentation and Transformer-based Clause Classificationcited by 0
- 2026Ontology-driven personalized information retrieval for XML documentscited by 0
- 2026UniRank: End-to-End Domain-Specific Reranking of Hybrid Text-Image Candidatescited by 0
- 2026Forgotten History or Test-of-Time? Retrospect and Prospect on RAG from an IR Perspectivecited by 0
- 2026BoundaryMORPH: Budgeted Reranking via Active Set Selection for Diffuse Retrievalcited by 0
- 2026BoundaryMORPH: Budgeted Reranking via Active Set Selection for Diffuse Retrieval23 Sep 2026
- 2026Forgotten History or Test-of-Time? Retrospect and Prospect on RAG from an IR Perspective9 Aug 2026
- 2026Ontology-driven personalized information retrieval for XML documents22 Mar 2026
- 2026The Initial Exploration Problem in Knowledge Graph Exploration24 Feb 2026
- 2026GaiaFlow: Semantic-Guided Diffusion Tuning for Carbon-Frugal Search17 Feb 2026
- 2026A Two-Stage Architecture for NDA Analysis: LLM-based Segmentation and Transformer-based Clause Classification13 Feb 2026
- 2026UniRank: End-to-End Domain-Specific Reranking of Hybrid Text-Image Candidates8 Feb 2026
- 2026To Case or Not to Case: An Empirical Study in Learned Sparse Retrieval24 Jan 2026
- 2025Keyword search is all you need: Achieving RAG-Level Performance without vector databases using agentic tool use19 Dec 2025
- 2025MedAI: Evaluating TxAgent's Therapeutic Agentic Reasoning in the NeurIPS CURE-Bench Competition12 Dec 2025
- 2025Generative Query Expansion with Multilingual LLMs for Cross-Lingual Information Retrieval24 Nov 2025
- 2025A Multimodal Conversational Agent for Tabular Data Analysis23 Nov 2025
37 more
- 2025Repeatability is not recovery: Quantifying algorithmic stability and topic recovery in Latent Dirichlet Allocation17 Nov 2025
- 2025SHE: Stepwise Hybrid Examination Reinforcement Learning Framework for E-commerce Search Relevance9 Oct 2025
- 2025Fine-grained auxiliary learning for real-world product recommendation6 Oct 2025
- 2025Investigating LLM Variability in Personalized Conversational Information Retrieval4 Oct 2025
- 2025A Survey on Retrieval And Structuring Augmented Generation with Large Language Models12 Sep 2025
- 2025ReCap: Event-Aware Image Captioning with Article Retrieval and Semantic Gaussian Normalization1 Sep 2025
- 2025Test-time Corpus Feedback: From Retrieval to RAG21 Aug 2025
- 2025Ontology-Guided Query Expansion for Biomedical Document Retrieval using Large Language Models15 Aug 2025
- 2025+VeriRel: Verification Feedback to Enhance Document Retrieval for Scientific Fact Checking14 Aug 2025
- 2025From Ranking to Selection: A Simple but Efficient Dynamic Passage Selector for Retrieval Augmented Generation13 Aug 2025
- 2025DS@GT at CheckThat! 2025: Evaluating Context and Tokenization Strategies for Numerical Fact Verification8 Jul 2025
- 2025NEU-ESC: A Comprehensive Vietnamese dataset for Educational Sentiment analysis and topic Classification toward multitask learning30 Jun 2025
- 2025NEAR2: A Nested Embedding Approach to Efficient Product Retrieval and Ranking24 Jun 2025
- 2025RAGtifier: Evaluating RAG Generation Approaches of State-of-the-Art RAG Systems for the SIGIR LiveRAG Competition17 Jun 2025
- 2025Mechanistic Decomposition of Sentence Representations4 Jun 2025
- 2025Leveraging Natural Language Processing to Unravel the Mystery of Life: A Review of NLP Approaches in Genomics, Transcriptomics, and Proteomics2 Jun 2025
- 2025Iterative Self-Incentivization Empowers Large Language Models as Agentic Searchers26 May 2025
- 2025EcoSafeRAG: Efficient Security through Context Analysis in Retrieval-Augmented Generation16 May 2025
- 2025LegalRAG: A Hybrid RAG System for Multilingual Legal Information Retrieval19 Apr 2025
- 2025Bias-Aware Agent: Enhancing Fairness in AI-Driven Knowledge Retrieval27 Mar 2025
- 2025Interpretable Text Embeddings and Text Similarity Explanation: A Survey20 Feb 2025
- 2025Multi-Objective Planning with Contextual Lexicographic Reward Preferences13 Feb 2025
- 2025Benchmarking Prompt Sensitivity in Large Language Models9 Feb 2025
- 2024ASSERTIFY: Utilizing Large Language Models to Generate Assertions for Production Code25 Nov 2024
- 2024Writing Style Matters: An Examination of Bias and Fairness in Information Retrieval Systems20 Nov 2024
- 2024SynapticRAG: Enhancing Temporal Memory Retrieval in Large Language Models through Synaptic Mechanisms17 Oct 2024
- 2024Smart Audit System Empowered by LLM10 Oct 2024
- 2024Enhancing Q&A Text Retrieval with Ranking Models: Benchmarking, fine-tuning and deploying Rerankers for RAG12 Sep 2024
- 2024MODOC: A Modular Interface for Flexible Interlinking of Text Retrieval and Text Generation Functions26 Aug 2024
- 2024PhysBERT: A Text Embedding Model for Physics Scientific Literature18 Aug 2024
- 2024COS-Mix: Cosine Similarity and Distance Fusion for Improved Information Retrieval2 Jun 2024
- 2024Question-Based Retrieval using Atomic Units for Enterprise RAG20 May 2024
- 2024RAG and RAU: A Survey on Retrieval-Augmented Language Model in Natural Language Processing30 Apr 2024
- 2024URL: Universal Referential Knowledge Linking via Task-instructed Representation Compression24 Apr 2024
- 2024Enhancing Retrieval Processes for Language Generation with Augmented Queries6 Feb 2024
- 2023MILL: Mutual Verification with Large Language Models for Zero-Shot Query Expansion29 Oct 2023
- 2023NAIL: Lexical Retrieval Indices with Efficient Non-Autoregressive Decoders23 May 2023
- 2024RAG and RAU: A Survey on Retrieval-Augmented Language Model in Natural Language Processingcited by 25
- 2024Question-Based Retrieval using Atomic Units for Enterprise RAGcited by 16
- 2025Keyword search is all you need: Achieving RAG-Level Performance without vector databases using agentic tool usecited by 10
- 2025LegalRAG: A Hybrid RAG System for Multilingual Legal Information Retrievalcited by 5
- 2024COS-Mix: Cosine Similarity and Distance Fusion for Improved Information Retrievalcited by 4
- 2025EcoSafeRAG: Efficient Security through Context Analysis in Retrieval-Augmented Generationcited by 4
- 2025From Ranking to Selection: A Simple but Efficient Dynamic Passage Selector for Retrieval Augmented Generationcited by 4
- 2025Test-time Corpus Feedback: From Retrieval to RAGcited by 3
- 2025MedAI: Evaluating TxAgent's Therapeutic Agentic Reasoning in the NeurIPS CURE-Bench Competitioncited by 2
- 2025RAGtifier: Evaluating RAG Generation Approaches of State-of-the-Art RAG Systems for the SIGIR LiveRAG Competitioncited by 1
- 2026Forgotten History or Test-of-Time? Retrospect and Prospect on RAG from an IR Perspectivecited by 0
- 2026BoundaryMORPH: Budgeted Reranking via Active Set Selection for Diffuse Retrievalcited by 0
- 2026BoundaryMORPH: Budgeted Reranking via Active Set Selection for Diffuse Retrieval23 Sep 2026
- 2026Forgotten History or Test-of-Time? Retrospect and Prospect on RAG from an IR Perspective9 Aug 2026
- 2025Keyword search is all you need: Achieving RAG-Level Performance without vector databases using agentic tool use19 Dec 2025
- 2025MedAI: Evaluating TxAgent's Therapeutic Agentic Reasoning in the NeurIPS CURE-Bench Competition12 Dec 2025
- 2025Test-time Corpus Feedback: From Retrieval to RAG21 Aug 2025
- 2025From Ranking to Selection: A Simple but Efficient Dynamic Passage Selector for Retrieval Augmented Generation13 Aug 2025
- 2025RAGtifier: Evaluating RAG Generation Approaches of State-of-the-Art RAG Systems for the SIGIR LiveRAG Competition17 Jun 2025
- 2025EcoSafeRAG: Efficient Security through Context Analysis in Retrieval-Augmented Generation16 May 2025
- 2025LegalRAG: A Hybrid RAG System for Multilingual Legal Information Retrieval19 Apr 2025
- 2024COS-Mix: Cosine Similarity and Distance Fusion for Improved Information Retrieval2 Jun 2024
- 2024Question-Based Retrieval using Atomic Units for Enterprise RAG20 May 2024
- 2024RAG and RAU: A Survey on Retrieval-Augmented Language Model in Natural Language Processing30 Apr 2024
- 2025Benchmarking Prompt Sensitivity in Large Language Modelscited by 38
- 2023MILL: Mutual Verification with Large Language Models for Zero-Shot Query Expansioncited by 22
- 2024Enhancing Q&A Text Retrieval with Ranking Models: Benchmarking, fine-tuning and deploying Rerankers for RAGcited by 16
- 2024Writing Style Matters: An Examination of Bias and Fairness in Information Retrieval Systemscited by 15
- 2025Interpretable Text Embeddings and Text Similarity Explanation: A Surveycited by 12
- 2024PhysBERT: A Text Embedding Model for Physics Scientific Literaturecited by 8
- 2025A Survey on Retrieval And Structuring Augmented Generation with Large Language Modelscited by 8
- 2024SynapticRAG: Enhancing Temporal Memory Retrieval in Large Language Models through Synaptic Mechanismscited by 5
- 2024Smart Audit System Empowered by LLMcited by 4
- 2024ASSERTIFY: Utilizing Large Language Models to Generate Assertions for Production Codecited by 4
- 2023NAIL: Lexical Retrieval Indices with Efficient Non-Autoregressive Decoderscited by 2
- 2025DS@GT at CheckThat! 2025: Evaluating Context and Tokenization Strategies for Numerical Fact Verificationcited by 2
12 most cited of 32 All 32 (JSON)
- 2026Ontology-driven personalized information retrieval for XML documents22 Mar 2026
- 2026The Initial Exploration Problem in Knowledge Graph Exploration24 Feb 2026
- 2026A Two-Stage Architecture for NDA Analysis: LLM-based Segmentation and Transformer-based Clause Classification13 Feb 2026
- 2026UniRank: End-to-End Domain-Specific Reranking of Hybrid Text-Image Candidates8 Feb 2026
- 2026To Case or Not to Case: An Empirical Study in Learned Sparse Retrieval24 Jan 2026
- 2025Generative Query Expansion with Multilingual LLMs for Cross-Lingual Information Retrieval24 Nov 2025
- 2025Repeatability is not recovery: Quantifying algorithmic stability and topic recovery in Latent Dirichlet Allocation17 Nov 2025
- 2025Fine-grained auxiliary learning for real-world product recommendation6 Oct 2025
- 2025Investigating LLM Variability in Personalized Conversational Information Retrieval4 Oct 2025
- 2025A Survey on Retrieval And Structuring Augmented Generation with Large Language Models12 Sep 2025
- 2025ReCap: Event-Aware Image Captioning with Article Retrieval and Semantic Gaussian Normalization1 Sep 2025
- 2025Ontology-Guided Query Expansion for Biomedical Document Retrieval using Large Language Models15 Aug 2025
12 newest of 32 All 32 (JSON)