CoMFormer: Continual Learning in Semantic and Panoptic Segmentation
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
Continual learning for segmentation has recently seen increasing interest. However, all previous works focus on narrow semantic segmentation and disregard panoptic segmentation, an important task with real-world impacts. %a In this paper, we present the first continual learning model capable of operating on both semantic and panoptic segmentation. Inspired by recent transformer approaches that consider segmentation as a mask-classification problem, we design CoMFormer. Our method carefully exploits the properties of transformer architectures to learn new classes over time. Specifically, we propose a novel adaptive distillation loss along with a mask-based pseudo-labeling technique to effectively prevent forgetting. To evaluate our approach, we introduce a novel continual panoptic segmentation benchmark on the challenging ADE20K dataset. Our CoMFormer outperforms all the existing baselines by forgetting less old classes but also learning more effectively new classes. In addition, we also report an extensive evaluation in the large-scale continual semantic segmentation scenario showing that CoMFormer also significantly outperforms state-of-the-art methods.
Key facts. Cited by 25 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 48 of its 65 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 25 Nov 2022.
Builds on
48 of 65 references.
References · 48
- 2015Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognitioncited by 52,096
- 2020An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at Scalecited by 30,186
- 2014Microsoft COCO: Common Objects in Contextcited by 17,608
- 2021Swin Transformer: Hierarchical Vision Transformer using Shifted Windowscited by 12,139
- 2020End-to-End Object Detection with Transformerscited by 7,414
- 2014Fully Convolutional Networks for Semantic Segmentationcited by 4,859
- 2016Overcoming catastrophic forgetting in neural networkscited by 4,787
- 2020Training data-efficient image transformers & distillation through attentioncited by 4,586
- 2016DeepLab: Semantic Image Segmentation with Deep Convolutional Nets, Atrous Convolution, and Fully Connected CRFscited by 3,241
- 2021SegFormer: Simple and Efficient Design for Semantic Segmentation with Transformerscited by 2,940
- 2016Learning without Forgettingcited by 2,496
- 2016Pyramid Scene Parsing Networkcited by 2,479
36 more
- 2021Masked-attention Mask Transformer for Universal Image Segmentationcited by 2,351
- 2016iCaRL: Incremental Classifier and Representation Learningcited by 2,333
- 2017Rethinking Atrous Convolution for Semantic Image Segmentationcited by 2,161
- 2016Progressive Neural Networkscited by 1,361
- 2021Per-Pixel Classification is Not All You Need for Semantic Segmentationcited by 1,152
- 2018Efficient Lifelong Learning with A-GEMcited by 1,058
- 2018Dual Attention Network for Scene Segmentationcited by 1,003
- 2021Learning to Prompt for Continual Learningcited by 944
- 2021Segmenter: Transformer for Semantic Segmentationcited by 855
- 2018Panoptic Segmentationcited by 802
- 2021Going deeper with Image Transformerscited by 764
- 2017Focal Loss for Dense Object Detectioncited by 752
- 2018CCNet: Criss-Cross Attention for Semantic Segmentationcited by 718
- 2019Panoptic Feature Pyramid Networkscited by 645
- 2022DualPrompt: Complementary Prompting for Rehearsal-free Continual Learningcited by 642
- 2019Segmentation Transformer: Object-Contextual Representations for Semantic Segmentationcited by 576
- 2019Panoptic-DeepLabcited by 363
- 2020MaX-DeepLab: End-to-End Panoptic Segmentation with Mask Transformerscited by 355
- 2021DER: Dynamically Expandable Representation for Class Incremental Learningcited by 355
- 2020Axial-DeepLab: Stand-Alone Axial-Attention for Panoptic Segmentationcited by 326
- 2021DyTox: Transformers for Continual Learning with DYnamic TOken eXpansioncited by 291
- 2020Modeling the Background for Incremental Learning in Semantic Segmentationcited by 190
- 2020PLOP: Learning without Forgetting for Continual Semantic Segmentationcited by 177
- 2019Incremental Learning Techniques for Semantic Segmentationcited by 141
- 2018OCNet: Object Context Network for Scene Parsingcited by 140
- 2019Seamless Scene Segmentationcited by 112
- 2021Continual Semantic Segmentation via Repulsion-Attraction of Sparse and Disentangled Latent Representationscited by 96
- 2021RECALL: Replay-based Continual Learning in Semantic Segmentationcited by 83
- 2021SeMask: Semantically Masked Transformers for Semantic Segmentationcited by 55
- 2021Incremental Learning in Semantic Segmentation from Image Labelscited by 39
- 2021Continuum: Simple Management of Complex Continual Learning Scenarioscited by 33
- 2021Fully Convolutional Networks for Panoptic Segmentation with Point-based Supervisioncited by 31
- 2020Prototype-based Incremental Few-Shot Semantic Segmentationcited by 25
- 2022Modeling Missing Annotations for Incremental Learning in Object Detectioncited by 23
- 2022Technical Report for ICCV 2021 Challenge SSLAD-Track3B: Transformers Are Better Continual Learnerscited by 21
- 2021Tackling Catastrophic Forgetting and Background Shift in Continual Semantic Segmentationcited by 15
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2023: 5; 2024: 8; 2025: 7; 2026: 5.
25 papers.
Sort:
By area:
- 2023Continual Segment: Towards a Single, Unified and Accessible Continual Segmentation Model of 143 Whole-body Organs in CT Scanscited by 21
- 2023A Survey on Continual Semantic Segmentation: Theory, Challenge, Method and Applicationcited by 21
- 2024ECLIPSE: Efficient Continual Learning in Panoptic Segmentation with Visual Prompt Tuningcited by 20
- 2024kNN-CLIP: Retrieval Enables Training-Free Segmentation on Continually Expanding Large Vocabulariescited by 20
- 2025Rethinking Query-based Transformer for Continual Image Segmentationcited by 14
- 2023FALCON: Fairness Learning via Contrastive Attention Approach to Continual Semantic Scene Understandingcited by 13
- 2023Continual Learning for Image Segmentation with Dynamic Querycited by 12
- 2024Strike a Balance in Continual Panoptic Segmentationcited by 10
- 2024Continual Segmentation with Disentangled Objectness Learning and Class Recognitioncited by 8
- 2024Taxonomy-Aware Continual Semantic Segmentation in Hyperbolic Spaces for Open-World Perceptioncited by 8
- 2024Early Preparation Pays Off: New Classifier Pre-tuning for Class Incremental Semantic Segmentationcited by 7
- 2025CoMBO: Conflict Mitigation via Branched Optimization for Class Incremental Segmentationcited by 6
13 more
- 2023RECALL+: Adversarial Web-based Replay for Continual Learning in Semantic Segmentationcited by 4
- 2024Is Continual Learning Ready for Real-world Challenges?cited by 4
- 2024ConSept: Continual Semantic Segmentation via Adapter-based Vision Transformercited by 3
- 2026ProtoFlow: Mitigating Forgetting in Class-Incremental Remote Sensing Segmentation via Low-Curvature Prototype Flowcited by 3
- 2025IRS: Incremental Relationship-guided Segmentation for Digital Pathologycited by 2
- 2025Decoupling Continual Semantic Segmentationcited by 2
- 2025Hierarchical Visual Prompt Learning for Continual Video Instance Segmentationcited by 2
- 2025CRISP: Contrastive Residual Injection and Semantic Prompting for Continual Video Instance Segmentationcited by 2
- 2025Learning Yourself: Class-Incremental Semantic Segmentation with Language-Inspired Bootstrapped Disentanglementcited by 1
- 2026Can You Hear, Localize, and Segment Continually? An Exemplar-Free Continual Learning Benchmark for Audio-Visual Segmentationcited by 1
- 2026FuTCR: Future-Targeted Contrast and Repulsion for Continual Panoptic Segmentationcited by 0
- 2026PrAda: Few-Shot Visual Adaptation for Text-Prompted Segmentationcited by 0
- 2026SELECT: SELEctive Context Transfer for Class-Incremental Semantic Segmentationcited by 0
- 2026SELECT: SELEctive Context Transfer for Class-Incremental Semantic Segmentation31 Aug 2026
- 2026PrAda: Few-Shot Visual Adaptation for Text-Prompted Segmentation19 May 2026
- 2026FuTCR: Future-Targeted Contrast and Repulsion for Continual Panoptic Segmentation12 May 2026
- 2026ProtoFlow: Mitigating Forgetting in Class-Incremental Remote Sensing Segmentation via Low-Curvature Prototype Flow3 Apr 2026
- 2026Can You Hear, Localize, and Segment Continually? An Exemplar-Free Continual Learning Benchmark for Audio-Visual Segmentation9 Mar 2026
- 2025Learning Yourself: Class-Incremental Semantic Segmentation with Language-Inspired Bootstrapped Disentanglement30 Aug 2025
- 2025CRISP: Contrastive Residual Injection and Semantic Prompting for Continual Video Instance Segmentation14 Aug 2025
- 2025Hierarchical Visual Prompt Learning for Continual Video Instance Segmentation12 Aug 2025
- 2025Decoupling Continual Semantic Segmentation7 Aug 2025
- 2025Rethinking Query-based Transformer for Continual Image Segmentation10 Jul 2025
- 2025IRS: Incremental Relationship-guided Segmentation for Digital Pathology28 May 2025
- 2025CoMBO: Conflict Mitigation via Branched Optimization for Class Incremental Segmentation5 Apr 2025
13 more
- 2024Taxonomy-Aware Continual Semantic Segmentation in Hyperbolic Spaces for Open-World Perception25 Jul 2024
- 2024Strike a Balance in Continual Panoptic Segmentation23 Jul 2024
- 2024Early Preparation Pays Off: New Classifier Pre-tuning for Class Incremental Semantic Segmentation19 Jul 2024
- 2024kNN-CLIP: Retrieval Enables Training-Free Segmentation on Continually Expanding Large Vocabularies15 Apr 2024
- 2024ECLIPSE: Efficient Continual Learning in Panoptic Segmentation with Visual Prompt Tuning29 Mar 2024
- 2024Continual Segmentation with Disentangled Objectness Learning and Class Recognition6 Mar 2024
- 2024ConSept: Continual Semantic Segmentation via Adapter-based Vision Transformer26 Feb 2024
- 2024Is Continual Learning Ready for Real-world Challenges?15 Feb 2024
- 2023Continual Learning for Image Segmentation with Dynamic Query29 Nov 2023
- 2023FALCON: Fairness Learning via Contrastive Attention Approach to Continual Semantic Scene Understanding27 Nov 2023
- 2023A Survey on Continual Semantic Segmentation: Theory, Challenge, Method and Application22 Oct 2023
- 2023RECALL+: Adversarial Web-based Replay for Continual Learning in Semantic Segmentation19 Sep 2023
- 2023Continual Segment: Towards a Single, Unified and Accessible Continual Segmentation Model of 143 Whole-body Organs in CT Scans1 Feb 2023
- 2023Continual Segment: Towards a Single, Unified and Accessible Continual Segmentation Model of 143 Whole-body Organs in CT Scanscited by 21
- 2023A Survey on Continual Semantic Segmentation: Theory, Challenge, Method and Applicationcited by 21
- 2024ECLIPSE: Efficient Continual Learning in Panoptic Segmentation with Visual Prompt Tuningcited by 20
- 2024kNN-CLIP: Retrieval Enables Training-Free Segmentation on Continually Expanding Large Vocabulariescited by 20
- 2025Rethinking Query-based Transformer for Continual Image Segmentationcited by 14
- 2023FALCON: Fairness Learning via Contrastive Attention Approach to Continual Semantic Scene Understandingcited by 13
- 2023Continual Learning for Image Segmentation with Dynamic Querycited by 12
- 2024Strike a Balance in Continual Panoptic Segmentationcited by 10
- 2024Continual Segmentation with Disentangled Objectness Learning and Class Recognitioncited by 8
- 2024Taxonomy-Aware Continual Semantic Segmentation in Hyperbolic Spaces for Open-World Perceptioncited by 8
- 2024Early Preparation Pays Off: New Classifier Pre-tuning for Class Incremental Semantic Segmentationcited by 7
- 2025CoMBO: Conflict Mitigation via Branched Optimization for Class Incremental Segmentationcited by 6
12 most cited of 24 All 24 (JSON)
- 2026SELECT: SELEctive Context Transfer for Class-Incremental Semantic Segmentation31 Aug 2026
- 2026PrAda: Few-Shot Visual Adaptation for Text-Prompted Segmentation19 May 2026
- 2026FuTCR: Future-Targeted Contrast and Repulsion for Continual Panoptic Segmentation12 May 2026
- 2026ProtoFlow: Mitigating Forgetting in Class-Incremental Remote Sensing Segmentation via Low-Curvature Prototype Flow3 Apr 2026
- 2026Can You Hear, Localize, and Segment Continually? An Exemplar-Free Continual Learning Benchmark for Audio-Visual Segmentation9 Mar 2026
- 2025CRISP: Contrastive Residual Injection and Semantic Prompting for Continual Video Instance Segmentation14 Aug 2025
- 2025Hierarchical Visual Prompt Learning for Continual Video Instance Segmentation12 Aug 2025
- 2025Decoupling Continual Semantic Segmentation7 Aug 2025
- 2025Rethinking Query-based Transformer for Continual Image Segmentation10 Jul 2025
- 2025IRS: Incremental Relationship-guided Segmentation for Digital Pathology28 May 2025
- 2025CoMBO: Conflict Mitigation via Branched Optimization for Class Incremental Segmentation5 Apr 2025
- 2024Taxonomy-Aware Continual Semantic Segmentation in Hyperbolic Spaces for Open-World Perception25 Jul 2024
12 newest of 24 All 24 (JSON)