mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Benchmarking Bayesian Deep Learning on Diabetic Retinopathy Detection Tasks

arXiv 2211.12717 ↗First posted 23 Nov 2022stat.ML cs.AI cs.CVcited by 49

Not on the map. Why?

Abstract (arXiv)

Bayesian deep learning seeks to equip deep neural networks with the ability to precisely quantify their predictive uncertainty, and has promised to make deep learning more reliable for safety-critical real-world applications. Yet, existing Bayesian deep learning methods fall short of this promise; new methods continue to be evaluated on unrealistic test beds that do not reflect the complexities of downstream real-world tasks that would benefit most from reliable uncertainty quantification. We propose the RETINA Benchmark, a set of real-world tasks that accurately reflect such complexities and are designed to assess the reliability of predictive models in safety-critical scenarios. Specifically, we curate two publicly available datasets of high-resolution human retina images exhibiting varying degrees of diabetic retinopathy, a medical condition that can lead to blindness, and use them to design a suite of automated diagnosis tasks that require reliable predictive uncertainty quantification. We use these tasks to benchmark well-established and state-of-the-art Bayesian deep learning methods on task-specific evaluation metrics. We provide an easy-to-use codebase for fast and easy benchmarking following reproducibility and software design principles. We provide implementations of all methods included in the benchmark as well as results computed over 100 TPU days, 20 GPU days, 400 hyperparameter configurations, and evaluation on at least 6 random seeds each.

Key facts. Cited by 49 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 34 of its 72 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 23 Nov 2022.

Builds on

34 of 72 references.

References · 34

  1. 2015Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognitioncited by 52,096
  2. 2020An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at Scalecited by 30,186
  3. 2019PyTorch: An Imperative Style, High-Performance Deep Learning Librarycited by 20,305
  4. 2014ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challengecited by 8,498
  5. 2015Dropout as a Bayesian Approximation: Representing Model Uncertainty in Deep Learningcited by 4,448
  6. 2016Simple and Scalable Predictive Uncertainty Estimation using Deep Ensemblescited by 3,926
  7. 2017What Uncertainties Do We Need in Bayesian Deep Learning for Computer Vision?cited by 2,352
  8. 2016Concrete Problems in AI Safetycited by 1,642
  9. 2020WILDS: A Benchmark of in-the-Wild Distribution Shiftscited by 1,375
  10. 2019Can You Trust Your Model's Uncertainty? Evaluating Predictive Uncertainty Under Dataset Shiftcited by 1,287
  11. 2018Deep Anomaly Detection with Outlier Exposurecited by 942
  12. 2015Generating Sentences from a Continuous Spacecited by 612
22 more
  1. 2018Predictive Uncertainty Estimation via Prior Networkscited by 557
  2. 2015Weight Uncertainty in Neural Networkscited by 554
  3. 2018Aleatoric uncertainty estimation with test-time augmentation for medical image segmentation with convolutional neural networkscited by 280
  4. 2016Efficient Multi-Scale 3D CNN with Fully Connected CRF for Accurate Brain Lesion Segmentationcited by 263
  5. 2015Bayesian SegNet: Model Uncertainty in Deep Convolutional Encoder-Decoder Architectures for Scene Understandingcited by 218
  6. 2018Understanding Measures of Uncertainty for Adversarial Example Detectioncited by 177
  7. 2020Efficient and Scalable Bayesian Neural Nets with Rank-1 Factorscited by 171
  8. 2019Practical Deep Learning with Bayesian Principlescited by 158
  9. 2018Exploring Uncertainty Measures in Deep Networks for Multiple Sclerosis Lesion Detection and Segmentationcited by 146
  10. 2020Can Autonomous Vehicles Identify, Recover From, and Adapt to Distribution Shifts?cited by 139
  11. 2015Modelling Uncertainty in Deep Learning for Camera Relocalizationcited by 134
  12. 2018Flipout: Efficient Pseudo-Independent Weight Perturbations on Mini-Batchescited by 133
  13. 2020A Review and Comparative Study on Probabilistic Object Detection in Autonomous Drivingcited by 115
  14. 2019Reverse KL-Divergence Training of Prior Networks: Improved Uncertainty and Adversarial Robustnesscited by 104
  15. 2022Plex: Towards Reliability using Pretrained Large Model Extensionscited by 102
  16. 2021Shifts: A Dataset of Real Distributional Shift Across Multiple Large-Scale Taskscited by 101
  17. 2017Uncertainty-Aware Reinforcement Learning for Collision Avoidancecited by 88
  18. 2021Uncertainty Baselines: Benchmarks for Uncertainty & Robustness in Deep Learningcited by 82
  19. 2019A Systematic Comparison of Bayesian Deep Learning Robustness in Diabetic Retinopathy Taskscited by 62
  20. 2019Radial Bayesian Neural Networks: Beyond Discrete Support In Large-Scale Bayesian Deep Learningcited by 37
  21. 2018Inherent Brain Segmentation Quality Control from Fully ConvNet Monte Carlo Samplingcited by 20
  22. 2018Variance Networks: When Expectation Does Not Meet Your Expectationscited by 9

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2023: 15; 2024: 16; 2025: 10; 2026: 8.

49 papers.

Sort:

By area:

  1. 2023Generating with Confidence: Uncertainty Quantification for Black-box Large Language Modelscited by 293
  2. 2024Position: Bayesian Deep Learning is Needed in the Age of Large-Scale AIcited by 62
  3. 2024Uncertainty-Based Abstention in LLMs Improves Safety and Reduces Hallucinationscited by 54
  4. 2024MARS: Meaning-Aware Response Scoring for Uncertainty Estimation in Generative LLMscited by 46
  5. 2023Tractable Function-Space Variational Inference in Bayesian Neural Networkscited by 41
  6. 2023Quantification of Uncertainty with Adversarial Modelscited by 28
  7. 2023Introducing an Improved Information-Theoretic Measure of Predictive Uncertaintycited by 28
  8. 2023A Primer on Bayesian Neural Networks: Review and Debatescited by 27
  9. 2024CreINNs: Credal-Set Interval Neural Networks for Uncertainty Estimation in Classification Taskscited by 26
  10. 2023Beyond Deep Ensembles: A Large-Scale Evaluation of Bayesian Deep Learning under Distribution Shiftcited by 20
  11. 2023Function-Space Regularization in Neural Networks: A Probabilistic Perspectivecited by 20
  12. 2024Contextualized Sequence Likelihood: Enhanced Confidence Scores for Natural Language Generationcited by 16
37 more
  1. 2023Benchmarking common uncertainty estimation methods with histopathological images under domain shift and label noisecited by 15
  2. 2024(Implicit) Ensembles of Ensembles: Epistemic Uncertainty Collapse in Large Modelscited by 15
  3. 2023Two Sides of Miscalibration: Identifying Over and Under-Confidence Prediction for Network Calibrationcited by 14
  4. 2025Uncertainty Quantification for Machine Learning in Healthcare: A Surveycited by 14
  5. 2025Out-of-Distribution Detection Methods Answer the Wrong Questionscited by 14
  6. 2024Credal Wrapper of Model Averaging for Uncertainty Estimation in Classificationcited by 13
  7. 2024Sampling from Bayesian Neural Network Posteriors with Symmetric Minibatch Splitting Langevin Dynamicscited by 13
  8. 2024Context-Guided Diffusion for Out-of-Distribution Molecular and Protein Designcited by 11
  9. 2026Complementing Self-Consistency with Cross-Model Disagreement for Uncertainty Quantificationcited by 10
  10. 2025Tools in the Loop: Quantifying Uncertainty of LLM Question Answering Systems That Use Toolscited by 9
  11. 2023BeliefPPG: Uncertainty-aware Heart Rate Estimation from PPG signals via Belief Propagationcited by 8
  12. 2023Informative Priors Improve the Reliability of Multimodal Clinical Data Classificationcited by 6
  13. 2026SafeGround: Know When to Trust GUI Grounding Models via Uncertainty Calibrationcited by 6
  14. 2023Understanding Silent Failures in Medical Image Classificationcited by 5
  15. 2023Empirical Optimal Risk to Quantify Model Trustworthiness for Failure Detectioncited by 4
  16. 2024CSS: Contrastive Semantic Similarity for Uncertainty Quantification of LLMscited by 4
  17. 2024TapType: Ten-finger text entry on everyday surfaces via Bayesian inferencecited by 4
  18. 2024Arctique: An artificial histopathological dataset unifying realism and controllability for uncertainty quantificationcited by 4
  19. 2025TruthTorchLM: A Comprehensive Library for Predicting Truthfulness in LLM Outputscited by 4
  20. 2025Entropy-Based Non-Invasive Reliability Monitoring of Convolutional Neural Networkscited by 3
  21. 2025Improving Semantic Uncertainty Quantification in LVLMs with Semantic Gaussian Processescited by 3
  22. 2024Attacking Bayes: On the Adversarial Robustness of Bayesian Neural Networkscited by 2
  23. 2024Functional Stochastic Gradient MCMC for Bayesian Neural Networkscited by 2
  24. 2023Uncertainty estimation in Deep Learning for Panoptic segmentationcited by 1
  25. 2024Assessing Uncertainty Estimation Methods for 3D Image Segmentation under Distribution Shiftscited by 1
  26. 2025UNSURF: Uncertainty Quantification for Cortical Surface Reconstruction of Clinical Brain MRIscited by 1
  27. 2025The Role of Model Confidence on Bias Effects in Measured Uncertainties for Vision-Language Modelscited by 1
  28. 2026Set-based v.s. Distribution-based Representations of Epistemic Uncertainty: A Comparative Studycited by 1
  29. 2023Rescuing referral failures during automated diagnosis of domain-shifted medical imagescited by 0
  30. 2024On Uniform, Bayesian, and PAC-Bayesian Deep Ensemblescited by 0
  31. 2025Enhancing Safety in Diabetic Retinopathy Detection: Uncertainty-Aware Deep Learning Models with Rejection Capabilitiescited by 0
  32. 2025BATIS: Bayesian Approaches for Targeted Improvement of Species Distribution Modelscited by 0
  33. 2026Diffusion-Inspired Reconfiguration of Transformers for Uncertainty Calibrationcited by 0
  34. 2026Data-Driven Priors for Uncertainty-Aware Risk Prediction of Clinical Deterioration using Multimodal Datacited by 0
  35. 2026Leveraging Visual Signals for Robust Token-Level Uncertainty in Vision-Language Generationcited by 0
  36. 2026Bayesian Adaptation Gym: A Benchmark for the Bayesian Low-Rank Adaptation of Multi-Modal Language Modelscited by 0
  37. 2026It depends: Incorporating correlations for joint aleatoric and epistemic uncertainties of high-dimensional output spacescited by 0