CRIPP-VQA: Counterfactual Reasoning about Implicit Physical Properties via Video Question Answering
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Abstract (arXiv)
Videos often capture objects, their visible properties, their motion, and the interactions between different objects. Objects also have physical properties such as mass, which the imaging pipeline is unable to directly capture. However, these properties can be estimated by utilizing cues from relative object motion and the dynamics introduced by collisions. In this paper, we introduce CRIPP-VQA, a new video question answering dataset for reasoning about the implicit physical properties of objects in a scene. CRIPP-VQA contains videos of objects in motion, annotated with questions that involve counterfactual reasoning about the effect of actions, questions about planning in order to reach a goal, and descriptive questions about visible properties of objects. The CRIPP-VQA test set enables evaluation under several out-of-distribution settings -- videos with objects with masses, coefficients of friction, and initial velocities that are not observed in the training distribution. Our experiments reveal a surprising and significant performance gap in terms of answering questions about implicit properties (the focus of this paper) and explicit properties of objects (the focus of prior work).
Key facts. Cited by 13 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 45 of its 59 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 7 Nov 2022.
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45 of 59 references.
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Citing papers per year: 2023: 2; 2024: 3; 2025: 3; 2026: 5.
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- 2025CausalVQA: A Physically Grounded Causal Reasoning Benchmark for Video Modelscited by 35
- 2024SOK-Bench: A Situated Video Reasoning Benchmark with Aligned Open-World Knowledgecited by 25
- 2024Compositional 4D Dynamic Scenes Understanding with Physics Priors for Video Question Answeringcited by 18
- 2024Compositional Physical Reasoning of Objects and Events from Videoscited by 12
- 2023ConceptBed: Evaluating Concept Learning Abilities of Text-to-Image Diffusion Modelscited by 10
- 2025DeFacto: Counterfactual Thinking with Images for Enforcing Evidence-Grounded and Faithful Reasoningcited by 10
- 2023Benchmarks for Physical Reasoning AIcited by 8
- 2026What-If World: A Causal Benchmark for General World Models in Embodied Scenarioscited by 8
- 2026Vision Language Models Cannot Reason About Physical Transformationcited by 4
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- 2026IMBench: A Benchmark for Intuitive Robotic Manipulationcited by 1
- 2026Teaching Vision-Language Models to Use the Scale They Are Given: Label-Free Equivariance Training for Metric Physical Reasoningcited by 0
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- 2026Vision Language Models Cannot Reason About Physical Transformation7 Mar 2026
- 2025DeFacto: Counterfactual Thinking with Images for Enforcing Evidence-Grounded and Faithful Reasoning25 Sep 2025
- 2025CausalVQA: A Physically Grounded Causal Reasoning Benchmark for Video Models11 Jun 2025
- 2025Looking Beyond Visible Cues: Implicit Video Question Answering via Dual-Clue Reasoning9 Jun 2025
- 2024Compositional Physical Reasoning of Objects and Events from Videos2 Aug 2024
- 2024Compositional 4D Dynamic Scenes Understanding with Physics Priors for Video Question Answering2 Jun 2024
- 2024SOK-Bench: A Situated Video Reasoning Benchmark with Aligned Open-World Knowledge15 May 2024
- 2023Benchmarks for Physical Reasoning AI17 Dec 2023
- 2025CausalVQA: A Physically Grounded Causal Reasoning Benchmark for Video Modelscited by 35
- 2024SOK-Bench: A Situated Video Reasoning Benchmark with Aligned Open-World Knowledgecited by 25
- 2025DeFacto: Counterfactual Thinking with Images for Enforcing Evidence-Grounded and Faithful Reasoningcited by 10
- 2026Vision Language Models Cannot Reason About Physical Transformationcited by 4
- 2026Teaching Vision-Language Models to Use the Scale They Are Given: Label-Free Equivariance Training for Metric Physical Reasoningcited by 0
- 2026Teaching Vision-Language Models to Use the Scale They Are Given: Label-Free Equivariance Training for Metric Physical Reasoning1 Sep 2026
- 2026Vision Language Models Cannot Reason About Physical Transformation7 Mar 2026
- 2025DeFacto: Counterfactual Thinking with Images for Enforcing Evidence-Grounded and Faithful Reasoning25 Sep 2025
- 2025CausalVQA: A Physically Grounded Causal Reasoning Benchmark for Video Models11 Jun 2025
- 2024SOK-Bench: A Situated Video Reasoning Benchmark with Aligned Open-World Knowledge15 May 2024
- 2026IMBench: A Benchmark for Intuitive Robotic Manipulationcited by 1
- 2026IMBench: A Benchmark for Intuitive Robotic Manipulation17 Jul 2026