mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Generation of Anonymous Chest Radiographs Using Latent Diffusion Models for Training Thoracic Abnormality Classification Systems

arXiv 2211.01323 ↗First posted 2 Nov 2022eess.IV cs.CV cs.LGcited by 44

On the map: Diffusion models → Medical imaging and segmentation

Abstract (arXiv)

The availability of large-scale chest X-ray datasets is a requirement for developing well-performing deep learning-based algorithms in thoracic abnormality detection and classification. However, biometric identifiers in chest radiographs hinder the public sharing of such data for research purposes due to the risk of patient re-identification. To counteract this issue, synthetic data generation offers a solution for anonymizing medical images. This work employs a latent diffusion model to synthesize an anonymous chest X-ray dataset of high-quality class-conditional images. We propose a privacy-enhancing sampling strategy to ensure the non-transference of biometric information during the image generation process. The quality of the generated images and the feasibility of serving as exclusive training data are evaluated on a thoracic abnormality classification task. Compared to a real classifier, we achieve competitive results with a performance gap of only 3.5% in the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve.

Key facts. Cited by 44 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Medical imaging and segmentation, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 13 of its 18 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 2 Nov 2022.

Builds on

13 of 18 references.

Closest ancestors · 1

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2022Adapting Pretrained Vision-Language Foundational Models to Medical Imaging Domains9 Oct

Other references · 12

  1. 2014Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimizationcited by 36,960
  2. 2021High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 18,694
  3. 2018The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Deep Features as a Perceptual Metriccited by 11,029
  4. 2015Deep Unsupervised Learning using Nonequilibrium Thermodynamicscited by 7,005
  5. 2016Densely Connected Convolutional Networkscited by 6,691
  6. 2020Taming Transformers for High-Resolution Image Synthesiscited by 3,229
  7. 2017Progressive Growing of GANs for Improved Quality, Stability, and Variationcited by 2,967
  8. 2017CheXNet: Radiologist-Level Pneumonia Detection on Chest X-Rays with Deep Learningcited by 459
  9. 2018cGANs with Projection Discriminatorcited by 253
  10. 2021Deep Learning-based Patient Re-identification Is able to Exploit the Biometric Nature of Medical Chest X-ray Datacited by 38
  11. 2018A Gentle Introduction to Deep Learning in Medical Image Processingcited by 34
  12. 2018Learning to recognize Abnormalities in Chest X-Rays with Location-Aware Dense Networkscited by 33

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2022: 3; 2023: 14; 2024: 16; 2025: 8; 2026: 3.

44 papers.

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  1. 2022Diffusion Models for Medical Image Analysis: A Comprehensive Surveycited by 269
  2. 2023Self-Consuming Generative Models Go MADcited by 239
  3. 2022RoentGen: Vision-Language Foundation Model for Chest X-ray Generationcited by 89
  4. 2022Diffusion Probabilistic Models beat GANs on Medical Imagescited by 77
  5. 2023Deep Learning Approaches for Data Augmentation in Medical Imaging: A Reviewcited by 48
  6. 2023Diffusion-based Data Augmentation for Skin Disease Classification: Impact Across Original Medical Datasets to Fully Synthetic Imagescited by 45
  7. 2023Cascaded Latent Diffusion Models for High-Resolution Chest X-ray Synthesiscited by 32
  8. 2024Generative AI for Synthetic Data Generation: Methods, Challenges and the Futurecited by 31
  9. 2023BiomedJourney: Counterfactual Biomedical Image Generation by Instruction-Learning from Multimodal Patient Journeyscited by 29
  10. 2024Data-Centric Foundation Models in Computational Healthcare: A Surveycited by 27
  11. 2023Beware of diffusion models for synthesizing medical images -- A comparison with GANs in terms of memorizing brain MRI and chest x-ray imagescited by 23
  12. 2023Augmenting medical image classifiers with synthetic data from latent diffusion modelscited by 21
32 more
  1. 2023Synthetically Enhanced: Unveiling Synthetic Data's Potential in Medical Imaging Researchcited by 18
  2. 2023Vision-Language Generative Model for View-Specific Chest X-ray Generationcited by 14
  3. 2023Aligning Synthetic Medical Images with Clinical Knowledge using Human Feedbackcited by 14
  4. 2024Forte : Finding Outliers with Representation Typicality Estimationcited by 9
  5. 2024XReal: Realistic Anatomy and Pathology-Aware X-ray Generation via Controllable Diffusion Modelcited by 8
  6. 2024Diff-Def: Diffusion-Generated Deformation Fields for Conditional Atlasescited by 8
  7. 2024VM-DDPM: Vision Mamba Diffusion for Medical Image Synthesiscited by 8
  8. 2024On Differentially Private 3D Medical Image Synthesis with Controllable Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 7
  9. 2023HydraViT: Adaptive Multi-Branch Transformer for Multi-Label Disease Classification from Chest X-ray Imagescited by 6
  10. 2024An Inversion-based Measure of Memorization for Diffusion Modelscited by 6
  11. 2024Addressing Asynchronicity in Clinical Multimodal Fusion via Individualized Chest X-ray Generationcited by 6
  12. 2025XGeM: A Multi-Prompt Foundation Model for Multimodal Medical Data Generationcited by 5
  13. 2023A Unified Framework for Generative Data Augmentation: A Comprehensive Surveycited by 4
  14. 2024FairDiffusion: Enhancing Equity in Latent Diffusion Models via Fair Bayesian Perturbationcited by 4
  15. 2024From Pampas to Pixels: Fine-Tuning Diffusion Models for Ga'ucho Heritagecited by 3
  16. 2024TiBiX: Leveraging Temporal Information for Bidirectional X-ray and Report Generationcited by 3
  17. 2023Synthesizing Diabetic Foot Ulcer Images with Diffusion Modelcited by 2
  18. 2025Causal Disentanglement for Robust Long-tail Medical Image Generationcited by 2
  19. 2025A Comprehensive Review of Diffusion Models in Smart Agriculture: Progress, Applications, and Challengescited by 2
  20. 2024Temporal Evolution of Knee Osteoarthritis: A Diffusion-based Morphing Model for X-ray Medical Image Synthesiscited by 1
  21. 2024CT-SDM: A Sampling Diffusion Model for Sparse-View CT Reconstruction across All Sampling Ratescited by 1
  22. 2025AI Alignment in Medical Imaging: Unveiling Hidden Biases Through Counterfactual Analysiscited by 1
  23. 2025Computationally Efficient Diffusion Models in Medical Imaging: A Comprehensive Reviewcited by 1
  24. 20253D Cardiac Anatomy Generation Using Mesh Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 1
  25. 2023Trustworthy Large Models in Vision: A Surveycited by 0
  26. 2024Exploring Foundation Models for Synthetic Medical Imaging: A Study on Chest X-Rays and Fine-Tuning Techniquescited by 0
  27. 2024CurvNet: Latent Contour Representation and Iterative Data Engine for Curvature Angle Estimationcited by 0
  28. 2025VICCA: Visual Interpretation and Comprehension of Chest X-ray Anomalies in Generated Report Without Human Feedbackcited by 0
  29. 2025Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning of 3D DDPM for MRI Image Generation Using Tensor Networkscited by 0
  30. 2026Demographically-Conditioned Synthetic Medical Images for Bias Mitigation and Bias Detection in Disease Classifierscited by 0
  31. 2026Limitations of Synthetic Data Generation in Specialized Data-Scarce Domainscited by 0
  32. 2026What Makes a Good Medical Image Tokenizer? Rethinking Reconstruction and Generation in Medical Image Tokenizationcited by 0

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2024Evaluating and Improving the Effectiveness of Synthetic Chest X-Rays for Medical Image Analysis
  2. 2025Improving Performance, Robustness, and Fairness of Radiographic AI Models with Finely-Controllable Synthetic Data
  3. 2022Spot the fake lungs: Generating Synthetic Medical Images using Neural Diffusion Models
  4. 2025The Devil is in the Prompts: De-Identification Traces Enhance Memorization Risks in Synthetic Chest X-Ray Generation
  5. 2025A Generative Foundation Model for Chest Radiography
  6. 2023Evaluating the feasibility of using Generative Models to generate Chest X-Ray Data
  7. 2026DiffusionXRay: A Diffusion and GAN-Based Approach for Enhancing Digitally Reconstructed Chest Radiographs
  8. 2026A Utility-preserving De-identification Pipeline for Cross-hospital Radiology Data Sharing