DeFIX: Detecting and Fixing Failure Scenarios with Reinforcement Learning in Imitation Learning Based Autonomous Driving
On the map: End-to-end autonomous driving → Reinforcement learning for driving
Abstract (arXiv)
Safely navigating through an urban environment without violating any traffic rules is a crucial performance target for reliable autonomous driving. In this paper, we present a Reinforcement Learning (RL) based methodology to DEtect and FIX (DeFIX) failures of an Imitation Learning (IL) agent by extracting infraction spots and re-constructing mini-scenarios on these infraction areas to train an RL agent for fixing the shortcomings of the IL approach. DeFIX is a continuous learning framework, where extraction of failure scenarios and training of RL agents are executed in an infinite loop. After each new policy is trained and added to the library of policies, a policy classifier method effectively decides on which policy to activate at each step during the evaluation. It is demonstrated that even with only one RL agent trained on failure scenario of an IL agent, DeFIX method is either competitive or does outperform state-of-the-art IL and RL based autonomous urban driving benchmarks. We trained and validated our approach on the most challenging map (Town05) of CARLA simulator which involves complex, realistic, and adversarial driving scenarios. The source code is publicly available at https://github.com/data-and-decision-lab/DeFIX
Key facts. Cited by 2 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Reinforcement learning for driving, one of 9 directions in End-to-end autonomous driving. Builds on 13 of its 14 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 29 Oct 2022.
Builds on
13 of 14 references.
Closest ancestors · 2
Same direction, newest first
- 2021GRI: General Reinforced Imitation and its Application to Vision-Based Autonomous Driving16 Nov
- 2021Investigating Value of Curriculum Reinforcement Learning in Autonomous Driving Under Diverse Road and Weather Conditions14 Mar
Other references · 11
- 2015Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognitioncited by 51,809
- 2017CARLA: An Open Urban Driving Simulatorcited by 2,431
- 2021Multi-Modal Fusion Transformer for End-to-End Autonomous Drivingcited by 372
- 2019Learning by Cheatingcited by 361
- 2019Exploring the Limitations of Behavior Cloning for Autonomous Drivingcited by 343
- 2021NEAT: Neural Attention Fields for End-to-End Autonomous Drivingcited by 174
- 2019End-to-End Model-Free Reinforcement Learning for Urban Driving using Implicit Affordancescited by 147
- 2021Learning to drive from a world on railscited by 114
- 2019Automated Lane Change Decision Making using Deep Reinforcement Learning in Dynamic and Uncertain Highway Environmentcited by 20
- 2020Sample Efficient Interactive End-to-End Deep Learning for Self-Driving Cars with Selective Multi-Class Safe Dataset Aggregationcited by 7
- 2020A New Approach for Tactical Decision Making in Lane Changing: Sample Efficient Deep Q Learning with a Safety Feedback Rewardcited by 3
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Citing papers per year: 2025: 1; 2026: 1.
2 papers.
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2020Guided Policy Search Model-based Reinforcement Learning for Urban Autonomous Driving
- 2022Imitation Is Not Enough: Robustifying Imitation with Reinforcement Learning for Challenging Driving Scenarios
- 2025Automatic Curriculum Learning for Driving Scenarios: Towards Robust and Efficient Reinforcement Learning
- 2020Deep Reinforcement Learning for Autonomous Driving: A Survey
- 2021Improved Deep Reinforcement Learning with Expert Demonstrations for Urban Autonomous Driving
- 2020Learning to Drive (L2D) as a Low-Cost Benchmark for Real-World Reinforcement Learning
- 2020Reinforcement Learning based Control of Imitative Policies for Near-Accident Driving
- 2023Efficient Reinforcement Learning for Autonomous Driving with Parameterized Skills and Priors