mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

This Patient Looks Like That Patient: Prototypical Networks for Interpretable Diagnosis Prediction from Clinical Text

arXiv 2210.08500 ↗First posted 16 Oct 2022cs.CLcited by 6

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Abstract (arXiv)

The use of deep neural models for diagnosis prediction from clinical text has shown promising results. However, in clinical practice such models must not only be accurate, but provide doctors with interpretable and helpful results. We introduce ProtoPatient, a novel method based on prototypical networks and label-wise attention with both of these abilities. ProtoPatient makes predictions based on parts of the text that are similar to prototypical patients - providing justifications that doctors understand. We evaluate the model on two publicly available clinical datasets and show that it outperforms existing baselines. Quantitative and qualitative evaluations with medical doctors further demonstrate that the model provides valuable explanations for clinical decision support.

Key facts. Cited by 6 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 22 of its 38 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 16 Oct 2022.

Builds on

22 of 38 references.

References · 22

  1. 2017Prototypical Networks for Few-shot Learningcited by 3,001
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10 more
  1. 2019Interpretable and Steerable Sequence Learning via Prototypescited by 72
  2. 2021Fine-Tuning Large Neural Language Models for Biomedical Natural Language Processingcited by 57
  3. 2016Investigating the influence of noise and distractors on the interpretation of neural networkscited by 54
  4. 2019Meta-Learning with Dynamic-Memory-Based Prototypical Network for Few-Shot Event Detectioncited by 54
  5. 2021Clinical Outcome Prediction from Admission Notes using Self-Supervised Knowledge Integrationcited by 43
  6. 2020Explainable Automated Coding of Clinical Notes using Hierarchical Label-wise Attention Networks and Label Embedding Initialisationcited by 38
  7. 2017Multi-Label Classification of Patient Notes a Case Study on ICD Code Assignmentcited by 37
  8. 2022ProtoTEx: Explaining Model Decisions with Prototype Tensorscited by 21
  9. 2021What Do You See in this Patient? Behavioral Testing of Clinical NLP Modelscited by 6
  10. 2019An Analysis of Attention over Clinical Notes for Predictive Taskscited by 4

Built on by

Cited by year

Citing papers per year: 2023: 2; 2024: 1; 2025: 3.

6 papers.

  1. 2023Proto-lm: A Prototypical Network-Based Framework for Built-in Interpretability in Large Language Modelscited by 7
  2. 2023Robust Text Classification: Analyzing Prototype-Based Networkscited by 3
  3. 2024Regulation of Language Models With Interpretability Will Likely Result In A Performance Trade-Offcited by 2
  4. 2025Evaluation and LLM-Guided Learning of ICD Coding Rationalescited by 1
  5. 2025CliniBench: A Clinical Outcome Prediction Benchmark for Generative and Encoder-Based Language Modelscited by 1
  6. 2025Structured Information Matters: Explainable ICD Coding with Patient-Level Knowledge Graphscited by 0