Dynamic Data-Free Knowledge Distillation by Easy-to-Hard Learning Strategy
On the map: Knowledge distillation → General knowledge distillation methods
Abstract (arXiv)
Data-free knowledge distillation (DFKD) is a widely-used strategy for Knowledge Distillation (KD) whose training data is not available. It trains a lightweight student model with the aid of a large pretrained teacher model without any access to training data. However, existing DFKD methods suffer from inadequate and unstable training process, as they do not adjust the generation target dynamically based on the status of the student model during learning. To address this limitation, we propose a novel DFKD method called CuDFKD. It teaches students by a dynamic strategy that gradually generates easy-to-hard pseudo samples, mirroring how humans learn. Besides, CuDFKD adapts the generation target dynamically according to the status of student model. Moreover, We provide a theoretical analysis of the majorization minimization (MM) algorithm and explain the convergence of CuDFKD. To measure the robustness and fidelity of DFKD methods, we propose two more metrics, and experiments shows CuDFKD has comparable performance to state-of-the-art (SOTA) DFKD methods on all datasets. Experiments also present that our CuDFKD has the fastest convergence and best robustness over other SOTA DFKD methods.
Key facts. Cited by 7 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in General knowledge distillation methods, one of 12 directions in Knowledge distillation. Builds on 48 of its 79 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 29 Aug 2022.
Builds on
48 of 79 references.
Closest ancestors · 11
Same direction, newest first
- 2022Black-box Few-shot Knowledge Distillation25 Jul
- 2022Decoupled Knowledge Distillation16 Mar
- 2022Robust and Resource-Efficient Data-Free Knowledge Distillation by Generative Pseudo Replay9 Jan
- 2021Mosaicking to Distill: Knowledge Distillation from Out-of-Domain Data27 Oct
- 2021Dynamic Knowledge Distillation for Pre-trained Language Models23 Sep
- 2021Preventing Catastrophic Forgetting and Distribution Mismatch in Knowledge Distillation via Synthetic Data11 Aug
- 2021Does Knowledge Distillation Really Work?10 Jun
- 2021Zero-Shot Knowledge Distillation from a Decision-Based Black-Box Model7 Jun
- 2021Contrastive Model Inversion for Data-Free Knowledge Distillation18 May
- 2021Data-Free Knowledge Distillation with Soft Targeted Transfer Set Synthesis10 Apr
- 2021Rethinking Soft Labels for Knowledge Distillation: A Bias-Variance Tradeoff Perspective1 Feb
Other references · 37
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- 2019PyTorch: An Imperative Style, High-Performance Deep Learning Librarycited by 20,305
- 2014Very Deep Convolutional Networks for Large-Scale Image Recognitioncited by 15,364
- 2015Distilling the Knowledge in a Neural Networkcited by 10,324
- 2022Generative Adversarial Networkscited by 5,627
- 2016Overcoming catastrophic forgetting in neural networkscited by 4,787
- 2016Wide Residual Networkscited by 3,070
- 2018Glow: Generative Flow with Invertible 1x1 Convolutionscited by 1,545
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- 2016Paying More Attention to Attention: Improving the Performance of Convolutional Neural Networks via Attention Transfercited by 1,077
- 2021Learning to Prompt for Continual Learningcited by 944
25 more
- 2019Contrastive Representation Distillationcited by 748
- 2013An Empirical Investigation of Catastrophic Forgetting in Gradient-Based Neural Networkscited by 722
- 2017MentorNet: Learning Data-Driven Curriculum for Very Deep Neural Networks on Corrupted Labelscited by 653
- 2019Improved Knowledge Distillation via Teacher Assistantcited by 573
- 2019Dreaming to Distill: Data-free Knowledge Transfer via DeepInversioncited by 423
- 2020Knowledge Distillation and Student-Teacher Learning for Visual Intelligence: A Review and New Outlookscited by 316
- 2019On The Power of Curriculum Learning in Training Deep Networkscited by 286
- 2021Curriculum Learning: A Surveycited by 259
- 2015Unifying distillation and privileged informationcited by 233
- 2019Data-Free Learning of Student Networkscited by 204
- 2020Learning From Multiple Experts: Self-paced Knowledge Distillation for Long-tailed Classificationcited by 175
- 2019Zero-shot Knowledge Transfer via Adversarial Belief Matchingcited by 129
- 2020Data-Free Model Extractioncited by 124
- 2019Zero-Shot Knowledge Distillation in Deep Networkscited by 121
- 2018Curriculum Learning by Transfer Learning: Theory and Experiments with Deep Networkscited by 114
- 2019Data-Free Adversarial Distillationcited by 90
- 2020Data-Free Network Quantization With Adversarial Knowledge Distillationcited by 80
- 2021Graph-Free Knowledge Distillation for Graph Neural Networkscited by 46
- 2021Qimera: Data-free Quantization with Synthetic Boundary Supporting Samplescited by 40
- 2020Large-Scale Generative Data-Free Distillationcited by 29
- 2021Deep Anomaly Discovery From Unlabeled Videos via Normality Advantage and Self-Paced Refinementcited by 21
- 2019Dynamically Composing Domain-Data Selection with Clean-Data Selection by "Co-Curricular Learning" for Neural Machine Translationcited by 20
- 2021Unsupervised feature selection via self-paced learning and low-redundant regularizationcited by 4
- 2018Understanding Self-Paced Learning under Concave Conjugacy Theorycited by 2
- 2021Online Adversarial Knowledge Distillation for Graph Neural Networkscited by 2
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2022: 1; 2023: 1; 2024: 3; 2025: 2.
7 papers.
- 2022Source-Free Unsupervised Domain Adaptation: A Surveycited by 80
- 2024Teacher as a Lenient Expert: Teacher-Agnostic Data-Free Knowledge Distillationcited by 5
- 2024AuG-KD: Anchor-Based Mixup Generation for Out-of-Domain Knowledge Distillationcited by 5
- 2024Advancing Brain Imaging Analysis Step-by-step via Progressive Self-paced Learningcited by 3
- 2023Towards Few-Call Model Stealing via Active Self-Paced Knowledge Distillation and Diffusion-Based Image Generationcited by 2
- 2025InvCoSS: Inversion-driven Continual Self-supervised Learning in Medical Multi-modal Image Pre-trainingcited by 1
- 2025Adversarial Curriculum Graph-Free Knowledge Distillation for Graph Neural Networkscited by 0
- 2025InvCoSS: Inversion-driven Continual Self-supervised Learning in Medical Multi-modal Image Pre-training22 Dec 2025
- 2025Adversarial Curriculum Graph-Free Knowledge Distillation for Graph Neural Networks1 Apr 2025
- 2024Advancing Brain Imaging Analysis Step-by-step via Progressive Self-paced Learning23 Jul 2024
- 2024AuG-KD: Anchor-Based Mixup Generation for Out-of-Domain Knowledge Distillation11 Mar 2024
- 2024Teacher as a Lenient Expert: Teacher-Agnostic Data-Free Knowledge Distillation18 Feb 2024
- 2023Towards Few-Call Model Stealing via Active Self-Paced Knowledge Distillation and Diffusion-Based Image Generation29 Sep 2023
- 2022Source-Free Unsupervised Domain Adaptation: A Survey31 Dec 2022
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