Transformers for Multi-Object Tracking on Point Clouds
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
We present TransMOT, a novel transformer-based end-to-end trainable online tracker and detector for point cloud data. The model utilizes a cross- and a self-attention mechanism and is applicable to lidar data in an automotive context, as well as other data types, such as radar. Both track management and the detection of new tracks are performed by the same transformer decoder module and the tracker state is encoded in feature space. With this approach, we make use of the rich latent space of the detector for tracking rather than relying on low-dimensional bounding boxes. Still, we are able to retain some of the desirable properties of traditional Kalman-filter based approaches, such as an ability to handle sensor input at arbitrary timesteps or to compensate frame skips. This is possible due to a novel module that transforms the track information from one frame to the next on feature-level and thereby fulfills a similar task as the prediction step of a Kalman filter. Results are presented on the challenging real-world dataset nuScenes, where the proposed model outperforms its Kalman filter-based tracking baseline.
Key facts. Cited by 14 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 24 of its 30 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 31 May 2022.
Builds on
24 of 30 references.
References · 24
- 2017Attention Is All You Needcited by 59,932
- 2020An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at Scalecited by 29,915
- 2020End-to-End Object Detection with Transformerscited by 7,384
- 2019nuScenes: A multimodal dataset for autonomous drivingcited by 4,485
- 2017PointNet++: Deep Hierarchical Feature Learning on Point Sets in a Metric Spacecited by 4,384
- 2020Fourier Features Let Networks Learn High Frequency Functions in Low Dimensional Domainscited by 2,170
- 2018PointPillars: Fast Encoders for Object Detection from Point Cloudscited by 1,707
- 2020Linformer: Self-Attention with Linear Complexitycited by 1,462
- 2020Point Transformercited by 1,462
- 2020Efficient Transformers: A Surveycited by 784
- 2021TrackFormer: Multi-Object Tracking with Transformerscited by 515
- 2020Tracking Objects as Pointscited by 483
12 more
- 2022TransFusion: Robust LiDAR-Camera Fusion for 3D Object Detection with Transformerscited by 464
- 2019Tracking without bells and whistlescited by 382
- 2021An End-to-End Transformer Model for 3D Object Detectioncited by 329
- 2021UniT: Multimodal Multitask Learning with a Unified Transformercited by 195
- 2020PnPNet: End-to-End Perception and Prediction with Tracking in the Loopcited by 143
- 2019Deep Learning in Video Multi-Object Tracking: A Surveycited by 107
- 2020Probabilistic 3D Multi-Modal, Multi-Object Tracking for Autonomous Drivingcited by 73
- 2019How To Train Your Deep Multi-Object Trackercited by 71
- 2020Probabilistic 3D Multi-Object Tracking for Autonomous Drivingcited by 64
- 2019Robust Multi-Modality Multi-Object Trackingcited by 56
- 2018RoarNet: A Robust 3D Object Detection based on RegiOn Approximation Refinementcited by 31
- 2021Joint Multi-Object Detection and Tracking with Camera-LiDAR Fusion for Autonomous Drivingcited by 26
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2022: 3; 2023: 6; 2024: 0; 2025: 4; 2026: 1.
14 papers.
Sort:
- 2023MotionTrack: End-to-End Transformer-based Multi-Object Tracing with LiDAR-Camera Fusioncited by 19
- 2022GNN-PMB: A Simple but Effective Online 3D Multi-Object Tracker without Bells and Whistlescited by 15
- 2023S.T.A.R.-Track: Latent Motion Models for End-to-End 3D Object Tracking with Adaptive Spatio-Temporal Appearance Representationscited by 12
- 2025CoopTrack: Exploring End-to-End Learning for Efficient Cooperative Sequential Perceptioncited by 12
- 2023LEGO: Learning and Graph-Optimized Modular Tracker for Online Multi-Object Tracking with Point Cloudscited by 9
- 2022Transformers for Object Detection in Large Point Cloudscited by 4
- 2023Multimodal Object Query Initialization for 3D Object Detectioncited by 2
- 2025LiDAR MOT-DETR: A LiDAR-based Two-Stage Transformer for 3D Multiple Object Trackingcited by 2
- 2025nuScenes Revisited: Progress and Challenges in Autonomous Drivingcited by 2
- 2022Can Transformer Attention Spread Give Insights Into Uncertainty of Detected and Tracked Objects?cited by 1
- 2023BOTT: Box Only Transformer Tracker for 3D Object Trackingcited by 1
- 2025OptiPMB: Enhancing 3D Multi-Object Tracking with Optimized Poisson Multi-Bernoulli Filteringcited by 1
2 more
- 2026Causal neural set filtering for online multi-target tracking13 Sep 2026
- 2025nuScenes Revisited: Progress and Challenges in Autonomous Driving2 Dec 2025
- 2025CoopTrack: Exploring End-to-End Learning for Efficient Cooperative Sequential Perception25 Jul 2025
- 2025LiDAR MOT-DETR: A LiDAR-based Two-Stage Transformer for 3D Multiple Object Tracking19 May 2025
- 2025OptiPMB: Enhancing 3D Multi-Object Tracking with Optimized Poisson Multi-Bernoulli Filtering17 Mar 2025
- 2023Multimodal Object Query Initialization for 3D Object Detection16 Oct 2023
- 2023Group Regression for Query Based Object Detection and Tracking28 Aug 2023
- 2023LEGO: Learning and Graph-Optimized Modular Tracker for Online Multi-Object Tracking with Point Clouds19 Aug 2023
- 2023BOTT: Box Only Transformer Tracker for 3D Object Tracking17 Aug 2023
- 2023S.T.A.R.-Track: Latent Motion Models for End-to-End 3D Object Tracking with Adaptive Spatio-Temporal Appearance Representations30 Jun 2023
- 2023MotionTrack: End-to-End Transformer-based Multi-Object Tracing with LiDAR-Camera Fusion29 Jun 2023
- 2022Can Transformer Attention Spread Give Insights Into Uncertainty of Detected and Tracked Objects?26 Oct 2022
2 more
- 2023MotionTrack: End-to-End Transformer-based Multi-Object Tracing with LiDAR-Camera Fusioncited by 19
- 2022GNN-PMB: A Simple but Effective Online 3D Multi-Object Tracker without Bells and Whistlescited by 15
- 2023S.T.A.R.-Track: Latent Motion Models for End-to-End 3D Object Tracking with Adaptive Spatio-Temporal Appearance Representationscited by 12
- 2025CoopTrack: Exploring End-to-End Learning for Efficient Cooperative Sequential Perceptioncited by 12
- 2023LEGO: Learning and Graph-Optimized Modular Tracker for Online Multi-Object Tracking with Point Cloudscited by 9
- 2022Transformers for Object Detection in Large Point Cloudscited by 4
- 2023Multimodal Object Query Initialization for 3D Object Detectioncited by 2
- 2025LiDAR MOT-DETR: A LiDAR-based Two-Stage Transformer for 3D Multiple Object Trackingcited by 2
- 2025nuScenes Revisited: Progress and Challenges in Autonomous Drivingcited by 2
- 2022Can Transformer Attention Spread Give Insights Into Uncertainty of Detected and Tracked Objects?cited by 1
- 2023BOTT: Box Only Transformer Tracker for 3D Object Trackingcited by 1
- 2025OptiPMB: Enhancing 3D Multi-Object Tracking with Optimized Poisson Multi-Bernoulli Filteringcited by 1
12 most cited of 14 All 14 (JSON)
- 2026Causal neural set filtering for online multi-target tracking13 Sep 2026
- 2025nuScenes Revisited: Progress and Challenges in Autonomous Driving2 Dec 2025
- 2025CoopTrack: Exploring End-to-End Learning for Efficient Cooperative Sequential Perception25 Jul 2025
- 2025LiDAR MOT-DETR: A LiDAR-based Two-Stage Transformer for 3D Multiple Object Tracking19 May 2025
- 2025OptiPMB: Enhancing 3D Multi-Object Tracking with Optimized Poisson Multi-Bernoulli Filtering17 Mar 2025
- 2023Multimodal Object Query Initialization for 3D Object Detection16 Oct 2023
- 2023Group Regression for Query Based Object Detection and Tracking28 Aug 2023
- 2023LEGO: Learning and Graph-Optimized Modular Tracker for Online Multi-Object Tracking with Point Clouds19 Aug 2023
- 2023BOTT: Box Only Transformer Tracker for 3D Object Tracking17 Aug 2023
- 2023S.T.A.R.-Track: Latent Motion Models for End-to-End 3D Object Tracking with Adaptive Spatio-Temporal Appearance Representations30 Jun 2023
- 2023MotionTrack: End-to-End Transformer-based Multi-Object Tracing with LiDAR-Camera Fusion29 Jun 2023
- 2022Can Transformer Attention Spread Give Insights Into Uncertainty of Detected and Tracked Objects?26 Oct 2022
12 newest of 14 All 14 (JSON)