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Robust Multi-Modality Multi-Object Tracking

arXiv 1909.03850 ↗First posted 9 Sep 2019cs.CVcited by 56

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Abstract (arXiv)

Multi-sensor perception is crucial to ensure the reliability and accuracy in autonomous driving system, while multi-object tracking (MOT) improves that by tracing sequential movement of dynamic objects. Most current approaches for multi-sensor multi-object tracking are either lack of reliability by tightly relying on a single input source (e.g., center camera), or not accurate enough by fusing the results from multiple sensors in post processing without fully exploiting the inherent information. In this study, we design a generic sensor-agnostic multi-modality MOT framework (mmMOT), where each modality (i.e., sensors) is capable of performing its role independently to preserve reliability, and further improving its accuracy through a novel multi-modality fusion module. Our mmMOT can be trained in an end-to-end manner, enables joint optimization for the base feature extractor of each modality and an adjacency estimator for cross modality. Our mmMOT also makes the first attempt to encode deep representation of point cloud in data association process in MOT. We conduct extensive experiments to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed framework on the challenging KITTI benchmark and report state-of-the-art performance. Code and models are available at https://github.com/ZwwWayne/mmMOT.

Key facts. Cited by 56 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 9 Sep 2019.

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Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2021: 14; 2022: 17; 2023: 10; 2024: 11; 2025: 3; 2026: 1.

56 papers.

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  1. 2021EagerMOT: 3D Multi-Object Tracking via Sensor Fusioncited by 83
  2. 2021Monocular Quasi-Dense 3D Object Trackingcited by 81
  3. 2021Box-Aware Feature Enhancement for Single Object Tracking on Point Cloudscited by 66
  4. 2023Single-Model and Any-Modality for Video Object Trackingcited by 65
  5. 2023Radar-Camera Fusion for Object Detection and Semantic Segmentation in Autonomous Driving: A Comprehensive Reviewcited by 58
  6. 2021DEFT: Detection Embeddings for Trackingcited by 56
  7. 20213D Siamese Voxel-to-BEV Tracker for Sparse Point Cloudscited by 54
  8. 2022CAMO-MOT: Combined Appearance-Motion Optimization for 3D Multi-Object Tracking with Camera-LiDAR Fusioncited by 50
  9. 20223D Siamese Transformer Network for Single Object Tracking on Point Cloudscited by 44
  10. 2022Understanding and Mitigating Overfitting in Prompt Tuning for Vision-Language Modelscited by 40
  11. 2021Learnable Online Graph Representations for 3D Multi-Object Trackingcited by 38
  12. 2022DeepFusionMOT: A 3D Multi-Object Tracking Framework Based on Camera-LiDAR Fusion with Deep Associationcited by 33
38 more
  1. 20223D Multi-Object Tracking Using Graph Neural Networks with Cross-Edge Modality Attentioncited by 27
  2. 2021Joint Multi-Object Detection and Tracking with Camera-LiDAR Fusion for Autonomous Drivingcited by 26
  3. 2022TripletTrack: 3D Object Tracking using Triplet Embeddings and LSTMcited by 26
  4. 2021Self-Supervised Multi-Object Tracking with Cross-Input Consistencycited by 25
  5. 2022A Lightweight and Detector-free 3D Single Object Tracker on Point Cloudscited by 23
  6. 20244D Panoptic Scene Graph Generationcited by 22
  7. 2021TrackMPNN: A Message Passing Graph Neural Architecture for Multi-Object Trackingcited by 21
  8. 2024Self-Supervised Multi-Object Tracking with Path Consistencycited by 16
  9. 2022Proactive Anomaly Detection for Robot Navigation with Multi-Sensor Fusioncited by 15
  10. 2023Object-Centric Multiple Object Trackingcited by 15
  11. 2021MTP: Multi-Hypothesis Tracking and Prediction for Reduced Error Propagationcited by 14
  12. 2022Transformers for Multi-Object Tracking on Point Cloudscited by 14
  13. 2023TrackFlow: Multi-Object Tracking with Normalizing Flowscited by 13
  14. 2021Channel Exchanging Networks for Multimodal and Multitask Dense Image Predictioncited by 11
  15. 2024Fast-Poly: A Fast Polyhedral Framework For 3D Multi-Object Trackingcited by 11
  16. 2022SpOT: Spatiotemporal Modeling for 3D Object Trackingcited by 10
  17. 2023LEGO: Learning and Graph-Optimized Modular Tracker for Online Multi-Object Tracking with Point Cloudscited by 9
  18. 2024PNAS-MOT: Multi-Modal Object Tracking with Pareto Neural Architecture Searchcited by 9
  19. 2022Trajectory Forecasting from Detection with Uncertainty-Aware Motion Encodingcited by 8
  20. 2022Recent Advances in Embedding Methods for Multi-Object Tracking: A Surveycited by 8
  21. 2021CFTrack: Center-based Radar and Camera Fusion for 3D Multi-Object Trackingcited by 7
  22. 2022Sequential Point Clouds: A Surveycited by 6
  23. 20223DMODT: Attention-Guided Affinities for Joint Detection & Tracking in 3D Point Cloudscited by 6
  24. 2021Joint 3D Object Detection and Tracking Using Spatio-Temporal Representation of Camera Image and LiDAR Point Cloudscited by 5
  25. 2024Robust Multimodal 3D Object Detection via Modality-Agnostic Decoding and Proximity-based Modality Ensemblecited by 5
  26. 2022Interactive Multi-scale Fusion of 2D and 3D Features for Multi-object Trackingcited by 4
  27. 2023DFR-FastMOT: Detection Failure Resistant Tracker for Fast Multi-Object Tracking Based on Sensor Fusioncited by 4
  28. 2025Seg2Track-SAM2: SAM2-based Multi-object Tracking and Segmentationcited by 4
  29. 2022Learning Scene Flow in 3D Point Clouds with Noisy Pseudo Labelscited by 3
  30. 2024StreamMOTP: Streaming and Unified Framework for Joint 3D Multi-Object Tracking and Trajectory Predictioncited by 3
  31. 2021(Just) A Spoonful of Refinements Helps the Registration Error Go Downcited by 2
  32. 2024Sparse Points to Dense Clouds: Enhancing 3D Detection with Limited LiDAR Datacited by 2
  33. 2024CrossTracker: Robust Multi-modal 3D Multi-Object Tracking via Cross Correctioncited by 2
  34. 2024Sparse Point Clouds Assisted Learned Image Compressioncited by 2
  35. 2022MIXER: Multiattribute, Multiway Fusion of Uncertain Pairwise Affinitiescited by 1
  36. 2023MMF-Track: Multi-modal Multi-level Fusion for 3D Single Object Trackingcited by 1
  37. 2023A survey on deep learning approaches for data integration in autonomous driving systemcited by 1
  38. 2023PointeNet: A Lightweight Framework for Effective and Efficient Point Cloud Analysiscited by 1

50 most cited of 56 All 56 (JSON)