mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

INTERN: A New Learning Paradigm Towards General Vision

arXiv 2111.08687 ↗First posted 16 Nov 2021cs.CV cs.AI cs.LGcited by 33

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Abstract (arXiv)

Enormous waves of technological innovations over the past several years, marked by the advances in AI technologies, are profoundly reshaping the industry and the society. However, down the road, a key challenge awaits us, that is, our capability of meeting rapidly-growing scenario-specific demands is severely limited by the cost of acquiring a commensurate amount of training data. This difficult situation is in essence due to limitations of the mainstream learning paradigm: we need to train a new model for each new scenario, based on a large quantity of well-annotated data and commonly from scratch. In tackling this fundamental problem, we move beyond and develop a new learning paradigm named INTERN. By learning with supervisory signals from multiple sources in multiple stages, the model being trained will develop strong generalizability. We evaluate our model on 26 well-known datasets that cover four categories of tasks in computer vision. In most cases, our models, adapted with only 10% of the training data in the target domain, outperform the counterparts trained with the full set of data, often by a significant margin. This is an important step towards a promising prospect where such a model with general vision capability can dramatically reduce our reliance on data, thus expediting the adoption of AI technologies. Furthermore, revolving around our new paradigm, we also introduce a new data system, a new architecture, and a new benchmark, which, together, form a general vision ecosystem to support its future development in an open and inclusive manner. See project website at https://opengvlab.shlab.org.cn .

Key facts. Cited by 33 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 152 of its 187 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 16 Nov 2021.

Builds on

152 of 187 references.

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Citing papers per year: 2022: 11; 2023: 11; 2024: 8; 2025: 2; 2026: 1.

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  1. 2022InternVideo: General Video Foundation Models via Generative and Discriminative Learningcited by 447
  2. 2023Universal Instance Perception as Object Discovery and Retrievalcited by 192
  3. 2023InstructDiffusion: A Generalist Modeling Interface for Vision Taskscited by 164
  4. 2023Large Language Models in Law: A Surveycited by 128
  5. 2022Backbone is All Your Need: A Simplified Architecture for Visual Object Trackingcited by 119
  6. 2022Towards Grand Unification of Object Trackingcited by 93
  7. 2023General Object Foundation Model for Images and Videos at Scalecited by 71
  8. 2022Uni-Perceiver-MoE: Learning Sparse Generalist Models with Conditional MoEscited by 58
  9. 2022Uni-Perceiver v2: A Generalist Model for Large-Scale Vision and Vision-Language Taskscited by 57
  10. 2023UPop: Unified and Progressive Pruning for Compressing Vision-Language Transformerscited by 54
  11. 2023Text-guided Foundation Model Adaptation for Pathological Image Classificationcited by 47
  12. 2024SHIELD : An Evaluation Benchmark for Face Spoofing and Forgery Detection with Multimodal Large Language Modelscited by 40
21 more
  1. 2024FoundIR: Unleashing Million-scale Training Data to Advance Foundation Models for Image Restorationcited by 39
  2. 2022Benchmarking Omni-Vision Representation through the Lens of Visual Realmscited by 38
  3. 2023HumanBench: Towards General Human-centric Perception with Projector Assisted Pretrainingcited by 38
  4. 2022Democratizing Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training: A CLIP Benchmark of Data, Model, and Supervisioncited by 36
  5. 2022TOV: The Original Vision Model for Optical Remote Sensing Image Understanding via Self-supervised Learningcited by 35
  6. 2024Task Preference Optimization: Improving Multimodal Large Language Models with Vision Task Alignmentcited by 29
  7. 2024Data-Centric Foundation Models in Computational Healthcare: A Surveycited by 27
  8. 2023Multi-metrics adaptively identifies backdoors in Federated learningcited by 23
  9. 2025SciReasoner: Laying the Scientific Reasoning Ground Across Disciplinescited by 11
  10. 2022Perceive, Ground, Reason, and Act: A Benchmark for General-purpose Visual Representationcited by 7
  11. 2024A Preliminary Exploration Towards General Image Restorationcited by 6
  12. 2025ChartPoint: Guiding MLLMs with Grounding Reflection for Chart Reasoningcited by 6
  13. 2022Universal Object Detection with Large Vision Modelcited by 5
  14. 2023Segment Anything Model for Brain Tumor Segmentationcited by 4
  15. 2024Aligning Vision Models with Human Aesthetics in Retrieval: Benchmarks and Algorithmscited by 3
  16. 2024UniFS: Universal Few-shot Instance Perception with Point Representationscited by 2
  17. 2022SEPT: Towards Scalable and Efficient Visual Pre-Trainingcited by 1
  18. 2023ViM: Vision Middleware for Unified Downstream Transferringcited by 1
  19. 2024Computer vision tasks for intelligent aerospace missions: An overviewcited by 1
  20. 2023Mask Hierarchical Features For Self-Supervised Learningcited by 0
  21. 2026Rethinking Air-Ground Collaboration: A Progressive Cross-Task Benchmark and Socialized Learning Frameworkcited by 0