Learning to Track Objects from Unlabeled Videos
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
In this paper, we propose to learn an Unsupervised Single Object Tracker (USOT) from scratch. We identify that three major challenges, i.e., moving object discovery, rich temporal variation exploitation, and online update, are the central causes of the performance bottleneck of existing unsupervised trackers. To narrow the gap between unsupervised trackers and supervised counterparts, we propose an effective unsupervised learning approach composed of three stages. First, we sample sequentially moving objects with unsupervised optical flow and dynamic programming, instead of random cropping. Second, we train a naive Siamese tracker from scratch using single-frame pairs. Third, we continue training the tracker with a novel cycle memory learning scheme, which is conducted in longer temporal spans and also enables our tracker to update online. Extensive experiments show that the proposed USOT learned from unlabeled videos performs well over the state-of-the-art unsupervised trackers by large margins, and on par with recent supervised deep trackers. Code is available at https://github.com/VISION-SJTU/USOT.
Key facts. Cited by 21 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 37 of its 50 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 28 Aug 2021.
Builds on
37 of 50 references.
References · 37
- 2015Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognitioncited by 52,096
- 2015Faster R-CNN: Towards Real-Time Object Detection with Region Proposal Networkscited by 9,639
- 2014ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challengecited by 8,498
- 2020Improved Baselines with Momentum Contrastive Learningcited by 2,287
- 2016Unsupervised Monocular Depth Estimation with Left-Right Consistencycited by 820
- 2016Fully-Convolutional Siamese Networks for Object Trackingcited by 568
- 2018GOT-10k: A Large High-Diversity Benchmark for Generic Object Tracking in the Wildcited by 475
- 2019Distance-IoU Loss: Faster and Better Learning for Bounding Box Regressioncited by 459
- 2018SiamRPN++: Evolution of Siamese Visual Tracking with Very Deep Networkscited by 446
- 2018LaSOT: A High-quality Benchmark for Large-scale Single Object Trackingcited by 429
- 2019Learning Discriminative Model Prediction for Trackingcited by 344
- 2018TrackingNet: A Large-Scale Dataset and Benchmark for Object Tracking in the Wildcited by 343
25 more
- 2018ATOM: Accurate Tracking by Overlap Maximizationcited by 285
- 2018Fast Online Object Tracking and Segmentation: A Unifying Approachcited by 272
- 2019Learning Correspondence from the Cycle-Consistency of Timecited by 269
- 2016ECO: Efficient Convolution Operators for Trackingcited by 239
- 2018YouTube-VOS: Sequence-to-Sequence Video Object Segmentationcited by 232
- 2020Ocean: Object-aware Anchor-free Trackingcited by 212
- 2015Learning Multi-Domain Convolutional Neural Networks for Visual Trackingcited by 209
- 2016UnitBox: An Advanced Object Detection Networkcited by 205
- 2020Siamese Box Adaptive Network for Visual Trackingcited by 189
- 2018Distractor-aware Siamese Networks for Visual Object Trackingcited by 187
- 2018Acquisition of Localization Confidence for Accurate Object Detectioncited by 176
- 2019Siam R-CNN: Visual Tracking by Re-Detectioncited by 174
- 2019Deeper and Wider Siamese Networks for Real-Time Visual Trackingcited by 156
- 2019SiamCAR: Siamese Fully Convolutional Classification and Regression for Visual Trackingcited by 148
- 2020Learning by Analogy: Reliable Supervision from Transformations for Unsupervised Optical Flow Estimationcited by 120
- 2020Know Your Surroundings: Exploiting Scene Information for Object Trackingcited by 119
- 2020MAST: A Memory-Augmented Self-supervised Trackercited by 109
- 2020Deformable Siamese Attention Networks for Visual Object Trackingcited by 97
- 2021STMTrack: Template-free Visual Tracking with Space-time Memory Networkscited by 91
- 2019Joint-task Self-supervised Learning for Temporal Correspondencecited by 80
- 2019Learning the Model Update for Siamese Trackerscited by 76
- 2019Unsupervised Deep Trackingcited by 74
- 2018VITAL: VIsual Tracking via Adversarial Learningcited by 65
- 2018Siamese Cascaded Region Proposal Networks for Real-Time Visual Trackingcited by 65
- 2020Unsupervised Deep Representation Learning for Real-Time Trackingcited by 29
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2021: 1; 2022: 6; 2023: 4; 2024: 2; 2025: 3; 2026: 5.
21 papers.
Sort:
By area:
- 2024GenAD: Generalized Predictive Model for Autonomous Drivingcited by 150
- 2022Unsupervised Domain Adaptation for Nighttime Aerial Trackingcited by 56
- 2022Locality-Aware Inter-and Intra-Video Reconstruction for Self-Supervised Correspondence Learningcited by 26
- 2024Diff-Tracker: Text-to-Image Diffusion Models are Unsupervised Trackerscited by 24
- 2022Unsupervised Learning of Accurate Siamese Trackingcited by 16
- 2022SiamMask: A Framework for Fast Online Object Tracking and Segmentationcited by 13
- 2023Correlational Image Modeling for Self-Supervised Visual Pre-Trainingcited by 11
- 2022Bridging Images and Videos: A Simple Learning Framework for Large Vocabulary Video Object Detectioncited by 6
- 2021An Informative Tracking Benchmarkcited by 5
- 2022GUSOT: Green and Unsupervised Single Object Tracking for Long Video Sequencescited by 4
- 2023MixCycle: Mixup Assisted Semi-Supervised 3D Single Object Tracking with Cycle Consistencycited by 3
- 2025Modality-Guided Dynamic Graph Fusion and Temporal Diffusion for Self-Supervised RGB-T Trackingcited by 2
9 more
- 2025A Study of Finetuning Video Transformers for Multi-view Geometry Taskscited by 1
- 2026Boosting Self-Supervised Tracking with Contextual Prompts and Noise Learningcited by 1
- 2026Learning to Track Instance from Single Nature Language Descriptioncited by 1
- 2026Leveraging Text-to-Image Diffusion Models for Unsupervised Visual Object Trackingcited by 1
- 2023Self-Supervised RGB-T Tracking with Cross-Input Consistencycited by 0
- 2023Unsupervised Green Object Tracker (GOT) without Offline Pre-trainingcited by 0
- 2025Leveraging Motion Information for Better Self-Supervised Video Correspondence Learningcited by 0
- 2026Reference-based Category Discovery: Unsupervised Object Detection with Category Awarenesscited by 0
- 2026End-to-End Self-Supervised RGB-T Tracking without Modality Misleadingcited by 0
- 2026End-to-End Self-Supervised RGB-T Tracking without Modality Misleading29 Sep 2026
- 2026Leveraging Text-to-Image Diffusion Models for Unsupervised Visual Object Tracking26 May 2026
- 2026Learning to Track Instance from Single Nature Language Description8 May 2026
- 2026Boosting Self-Supervised Tracking with Contextual Prompts and Noise Learning7 May 2026
- 2026Reference-based Category Discovery: Unsupervised Object Detection with Category Awareness6 May 2026
- 2025A Study of Finetuning Video Transformers for Multi-view Geometry Tasks21 Dec 2025
- 2025Modality-Guided Dynamic Graph Fusion and Temporal Diffusion for Self-Supervised RGB-T Tracking6 May 2025
- 2025Leveraging Motion Information for Better Self-Supervised Video Correspondence Learning15 Mar 2025
- 2024Diff-Tracker: Text-to-Image Diffusion Models are Unsupervised Trackers11 Jul 2024
- 2024GenAD: Generalized Predictive Model for Autonomous Driving14 Mar 2024
- 2023Unsupervised Green Object Tracker (GOT) without Offline Pre-training16 Sep 2023
- 2023Correlational Image Modeling for Self-Supervised Visual Pre-Training22 Mar 2023
9 more
- 2023MixCycle: Mixup Assisted Semi-Supervised 3D Single Object Tracking with Cycle Consistency16 Mar 2023
- 2023Self-Supervised RGB-T Tracking with Cross-Input Consistency26 Jan 2023
- 2022Bridging Images and Videos: A Simple Learning Framework for Large Vocabulary Video Object Detection20 Dec 2022
- 2022GUSOT: Green and Unsupervised Single Object Tracking for Long Video Sequences15 Jul 2022
- 2022SiamMask: A Framework for Fast Online Object Tracking and Segmentation5 Jul 2022
- 2022Unsupervised Learning of Accurate Siamese Tracking4 Apr 2022
- 2022Locality-Aware Inter-and Intra-Video Reconstruction for Self-Supervised Correspondence Learning27 Mar 2022
- 2022Unsupervised Domain Adaptation for Nighttime Aerial Tracking20 Mar 2022
- 2021An Informative Tracking Benchmark13 Dec 2021
- 2024GenAD: Generalized Predictive Model for Autonomous Drivingcited by 150
- 2024GenAD: Generalized Predictive Model for Autonomous Driving14 Mar 2024
- 2022Unsupervised Domain Adaptation for Nighttime Aerial Trackingcited by 56
- 2022Locality-Aware Inter-and Intra-Video Reconstruction for Self-Supervised Correspondence Learningcited by 26
- 2022Unsupervised Learning of Accurate Siamese Trackingcited by 16
- 2022SiamMask: A Framework for Fast Online Object Tracking and Segmentationcited by 13
- 2023Correlational Image Modeling for Self-Supervised Visual Pre-Trainingcited by 11
- 2022Bridging Images and Videos: A Simple Learning Framework for Large Vocabulary Video Object Detectioncited by 6
- 2021An Informative Tracking Benchmarkcited by 5
- 2022GUSOT: Green and Unsupervised Single Object Tracking for Long Video Sequencescited by 4
- 2023MixCycle: Mixup Assisted Semi-Supervised 3D Single Object Tracking with Cycle Consistencycited by 3
- 2025Modality-Guided Dynamic Graph Fusion and Temporal Diffusion for Self-Supervised RGB-T Trackingcited by 2
- 2025A Study of Finetuning Video Transformers for Multi-view Geometry Taskscited by 1
- 2026Boosting Self-Supervised Tracking with Contextual Prompts and Noise Learningcited by 1
12 most cited of 18 All 18 (JSON)
- 2026End-to-End Self-Supervised RGB-T Tracking without Modality Misleading29 Sep 2026
- 2026Learning to Track Instance from Single Nature Language Description8 May 2026
- 2026Boosting Self-Supervised Tracking with Contextual Prompts and Noise Learning7 May 2026
- 2026Reference-based Category Discovery: Unsupervised Object Detection with Category Awareness6 May 2026
- 2025A Study of Finetuning Video Transformers for Multi-view Geometry Tasks21 Dec 2025
- 2025Modality-Guided Dynamic Graph Fusion and Temporal Diffusion for Self-Supervised RGB-T Tracking6 May 2025
- 2025Leveraging Motion Information for Better Self-Supervised Video Correspondence Learning15 Mar 2025
- 2023Unsupervised Green Object Tracker (GOT) without Offline Pre-training16 Sep 2023
- 2023Correlational Image Modeling for Self-Supervised Visual Pre-Training22 Mar 2023
- 2023MixCycle: Mixup Assisted Semi-Supervised 3D Single Object Tracking with Cycle Consistency16 Mar 2023
- 2023Self-Supervised RGB-T Tracking with Cross-Input Consistency26 Jan 2023
- 2022Bridging Images and Videos: A Simple Learning Framework for Large Vocabulary Video Object Detection20 Dec 2022
12 newest of 18 All 18 (JSON)