mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Investigating Text Simplification Evaluation

arXiv 2107.13662 ↗First posted 28 Jul 2021cs.CLcited by 5

Not on the map. Why?

Abstract (arXiv)

Modern text simplification (TS) heavily relies on the availability of gold standard data to build machine learning models. However, existing studies show that parallel TS corpora contain inaccurate simplifications and incorrect alignments. Additionally, evaluation is usually performed by using metrics such as BLEU or SARI to compare system output to the gold standard. A major limitation is that these metrics do not match human judgements and the performance on different datasets and linguistic phenomena vary greatly. Furthermore, our research shows that the test and training subsets of parallel datasets differ significantly. In this work, we investigate existing TS corpora, providing new insights that will motivate the improvement of existing state-of-the-art TS evaluation methods. Our contributions include the analysis of TS corpora based on existing modifications used for simplification and an empirical study on TS models performance by using better-distributed datasets. We demonstrate that by improving the distribution of TS datasets, we can build more robust TS models.

Key facts. Cited by 5 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 13 of its 31 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 28 Jul 2021.

Builds on

13 of 31 references.

References · 13

  1. 2017Sentence Simplification with Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 109
  2. 2020Neural CRF Model for Sentence Alignment in Text Simplificationcited by 106
  3. 2020ASSET: A Dataset for Tuning and Evaluation of Sentence Simplification Models with Multiple Rewriting Transformationscited by 101
  4. 2018BLEU is Not Suitable for the Evaluation of Text Simplificationcited by 78
  5. 2019EditNTS: An Neural Programmer-Interpreter Model for Sentence Simplification through Explicit Editingcited by 63
  6. 2019Identification of Tasks, Datasets, Evaluation Metrics, and Numeric Scores for Scientific Leaderboards Constructioncited by 50
  7. 2020Expertise Style Transfer: A New Task Towards Better Communication between Experts and Laymencited by 45
  8. 2018Unsupervised Neural Text Simplificationcited by 29
  9. 2018Integrating Transformer and Paraphrase Rules for Sentence Simplificationcited by 29
  10. 2020Curious Case of Language Generation Evaluation Metrics: A Cautionary Talecited by 28
  11. 2018Dynamic Multi-Level Multi-Task Learning for Sentence Simplificationcited by 25
  12. 2018Sentence Simplification with Memory-Augmented Neural Networkscited by 10
1 more
  1. 2019The Daunting Task of Real-World Textual Style Transfer Auto-Evaluationcited by 7

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Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2023: 2; 2024: 0; 2025: 1; 2026: 2.

5 papers.