mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Segmentation in Style: Unsupervised Semantic Image Segmentation with Stylegan and CLIP

arXiv 2107.12518 ↗First posted 26 Jul 2021cs.CVcited by 21

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Abstract (arXiv)

We introduce a method that allows to automatically segment images into semantically meaningful regions without human supervision. Derived regions are consistent across different images and coincide with human-defined semantic classes on some datasets. In cases where semantic regions might be hard for human to define and consistently label, our method is still able to find meaningful and consistent semantic classes. In our work, we use pretrained StyleGAN2 generative model: clustering in the feature space of the generative model allows to discover semantic classes. Once classes are discovered, a synthetic dataset with generated images and corresponding segmentation masks can be created. After that a segmentation model is trained on the synthetic dataset and is able to generalize to real images. Additionally, by using CLIP we are able to use prompts defined in a natural language to discover some desired semantic classes. We test our method on publicly available datasets and show state-of-the-art results.

Key facts. Cited by 21 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 19 of its 26 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 26 Jul 2021.

Builds on

19 of 26 references.

References · 19

  1. 2015Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognitioncited by 51,809
  2. 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,456
  3. 2018A Style-Based Generator Architecture for Generative Adversarial Networkscited by 5,986
  4. 2017Squeeze-and-Excitation Networkscited by 4,763
  5. 2016The Cityscapes Dataset for Semantic Urban Scene Understandingcited by 4,427
  6. 2014Deep Learning Face Attributes in the Wildcited by 3,679
  7. 2019Analyzing and Improving the Image Quality of StyleGANcited by 3,580
  8. 2016DeepLab: Semantic Image Segmentation with Deep Convolutional Nets, Atrous Convolution, and Fully Connected CRFscited by 3,239
  9. 2016Aggregated Residual Transformations for Deep Neural Networkscited by 2,540
  10. 2016Pyramid Scene Parsing Networkcited by 2,472
  11. 2019StarGAN v2: Diverse Image Synthesis for Multiple Domainscited by 1,095
  12. 2021StyleCLIP: Text-Driven Manipulation of StyleGAN Imagerycited by 990
7 more
  1. 2019MaskGAN: Towards Diverse and Interactive Facial Image Manipulationcited by 624
  2. 2020InterFaceGAN: Interpreting the Disentangled Face Representation Learned by GANscited by 393
  3. 2017Dilated Residual Networkscited by 293
  4. 2021DatasetGAN: Efficient Labeled Data Factory with Minimal Human Effortcited by 264
  5. 2021Semantic Segmentation with Generative Models: Semi-Supervised Learning and Strong Out-of-Domain Generalizationcited by 141
  6. 2020StyleGAN2 Distillation for Feed-forward Image Manipulationcited by 78
  7. 2020OpenEDS2020: Open Eyes Datasetcited by 20

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Citing papers per year: 2021: 3; 2022: 4; 2023: 9; 2024: 3; 2025: 2.

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  1. 2021CLIP-Forge: Towards Zero-Shot Text-to-Shape Generationcited by 254
  2. 2023What does CLIP know about a red circle? Visual prompt engineering for VLMscited by 215
  3. 2022ZegCLIP: Towards Adapting CLIP for Zero-shot Semantic Segmentationcited by 178
  4. 2021LAFITE: Towards Language-Free Training for Text-to-Image Generationcited by 126
  5. 2021CLOOB: Modern Hopfield Networks with InfoLOOB Outperform CLIPcited by 88
  6. 2022Open-world Semantic Segmentation via Contrasting and Clustering Vision-Language Embeddingcited by 67
  7. 2023Renderable Neural Radiance Map for Visual Navigationcited by 51
  8. 2023CrowdCLIP: Unsupervised Crowd Counting via Vision-Language Modelcited by 47
  9. 2023LD-ZNet: A Latent Diffusion Approach for Text-Based Image Segmentationcited by 29
  10. 2023Spectral Prompt Tuning:Unveiling Unseen Classes for Zero-Shot Semantic Segmentationcited by 11
  11. 2023CoralStyleCLIP: Co-optimized Region and Layer Selection for Image Editingcited by 5
  12. 2022Fantastic Style Channels and Where to Find Them: A Submodular Framework for Discovering Diverse Directions in GANscited by 4
9 more
  1. 20243DStyleGLIP: Part-Tailored Text-Guided 3D Neural Stylizationcited by 4
  2. 2025LoRAverse: A Submodular Framework to Retrieve Diverse Adapters for Diffusion Modelscited by 3
  3. 2022BiOcularGAN: Bimodal Synthesis and Annotation of Ocular Imagescited by 2
  4. 2023Self-Supervised One-Shot Learning for Automatic Segmentation of StyleGAN Imagescited by 2
  5. 2023Domain-Scalable Unpaired Image Translation via Latent Space Anchoringcited by 2
  6. 2024Contrastive Abstraction for Reinforcement Learningcited by 2
  7. 2025SketchYourSeg: Mask-Free Subjective Image Segmentation via Freehand Sketchescited by 1
  8. 2023TextCLIP: Text-Guided Face Image Generation And Manipulation Without Adversarial Trainingcited by 0
  9. 2024Linking in Style: Understanding learned features in deep learning modelscited by 0