Noise-robust Graph Learning by Estimating and Leveraging Pairwise Interactions
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Abstract (arXiv)
Teaching Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) to accurately classify nodes under severely noisy labels is an important problem in real-world graph learning applications, but is currently underexplored. Although pairwise training methods have demonstrated promise in supervised metric learning and unsupervised contrastive learning, they remain less studied on noisy graphs, where the structural pairwise interactions (PI) between nodes are abundant and thus might benefit label noise learning rather than the pointwise methods. This paper bridges the gap by proposing a pairwise framework for noisy node classification on graphs, which relies on the PI as a primary learning proxy in addition to the pointwise learning from the noisy node class labels. Our proposed framework PI-GNN contributes two novel components: (1) a confidence-aware PI estimation model that adaptively estimates the PI labels, which are defined as whether the two nodes share the same node labels, and (2) a decoupled training approach that leverages the estimated PI labels to regularize a node classification model for robust node classification. Extensive experiments on different datasets and GNN architectures demonstrate the effectiveness of PI-GNN, yielding a promising improvement over the state-of-the-art methods. Code is publicly available at https://github.com/TianBian95/pi-gnn.
Key facts. Cited by 20 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 67 of its 155 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 14 Jun 2021.
Builds on
67 of 155 references.
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Citing papers per year: 2023: 2; 2024: 8; 2025: 6; 2026: 4.
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- 2024ARGS: Alignment as Reward-Guided Searchcited by 99
- 2024Process Reward Model with Q-Value Rankingscited by 78
- 2024A Survey of Graph Neural Networks in Real world: Imbalance, Noise, Privacy and OOD Challengescited by 54
- 2023Graph Anomaly Detection in Time Series: A Surveycited by 18
- 2024NoisyGL: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Graph Neural Networks under Label Noisecited by 16
- 2023ERASE: Error-Resilient Representation Learning on Graphs for Label Noise Tolerancecited by 11
- 2024On the Learnability of Out-of-distribution Detectioncited by 8
- 2024Mitigating Label Noise on Graph via Topological Sample Selectioncited by 6
- 2025Delving into Instance-Dependent Label Noise in Graph Data: A Comprehensive Study and Benchmarkcited by 4
- 2025DeGLIF for Label Noise Robust Node Classification using GNNscited by 1
- 2026Identifying and Correcting Label Noise for Robust GNNs via Influence Contradictioncited by 1
- 2024Balanced Edge Pruning for Graph Anomaly Detection with Noisy Labelscited by 0
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- 2024Energy Guided smoothness to improve Robustness in Graph Classificationcited by 0
- 2025Training Robust Graph Neural Networks by Modeling Noise Dependenciescited by 0
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- 2025EDN: A Novel Edge-Dependent Noise Model for Graph Datacited by 0
- 2025When LLM Agents Meet Graph Optimization: An Automated Data Quality Improvement Approachcited by 0
- 2026DREAM: Dual-Standard Semantic Homogeneity with Dynamic Optimization for Graph Learning with Label Noisecited by 0
- 2026OpenRTAG: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Robust Text-Attributed Graph Learning under Data Quality Degradationcited by 0
- 2026Particle Competition and Cooperation for Robust Graph Convolutional Network Learning Under Label Noisecited by 0
- 2026Particle Competition and Cooperation for Robust Graph Convolutional Network Learning Under Label Noise18 Sep 2026
- 2026OpenRTAG: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Robust Text-Attributed Graph Learning under Data Quality Degradation21 Jul 2026
- 2026Identifying and Correcting Label Noise for Robust GNNs via Influence Contradiction24 Jan 2026
- 2026DREAM: Dual-Standard Semantic Homogeneity with Dynamic Optimization for Graph Learning with Label Noise24 Jan 2026
- 2025When LLM Agents Meet Graph Optimization: An Automated Data Quality Improvement Approach10 Oct 2025
- 2025Delving into Instance-Dependent Label Noise in Graph Data: A Comprehensive Study and Benchmark14 Jun 2025
- 2025EDN: A Novel Edge-Dependent Noise Model for Graph Data13 Jun 2025
- 2025Weak Supervision for Real World Graphs3 Jun 2025
- 2025DeGLIF for Label Noise Robust Node Classification using GNNs30 May 2025
- 2025Training Robust Graph Neural Networks by Modeling Noise Dependencies27 Feb 2025
- 2024Energy Guided smoothness to improve Robustness in Graph Classification11 Dec 2024
- 2024Process Reward Model with Q-Value Rankings15 Oct 2024
8 more
- 2024Balanced Edge Pruning for Graph Anomaly Detection with Noisy Labels8 Jul 2024
- 2024NoisyGL: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Graph Neural Networks under Label Noise6 Jun 2024
- 2024On the Learnability of Out-of-distribution Detection7 Apr 2024
- 2024A Survey of Graph Neural Networks in Real world: Imbalance, Noise, Privacy and OOD Challenges7 Mar 2024
- 2024Mitigating Label Noise on Graph via Topological Sample Selection4 Mar 2024
- 2024ARGS: Alignment as Reward-Guided Search23 Jan 2024
- 2023ERASE: Error-Resilient Representation Learning on Graphs for Label Noise Tolerance13 Dec 2023
- 2023Graph Anomaly Detection in Time Series: A Survey31 Jan 2023
- 2024ARGS: Alignment as Reward-Guided Searchcited by 99
- 2024ARGS: Alignment as Reward-Guided Search23 Jan 2024
- 2024Process Reward Model with Q-Value Rankingscited by 78
- 2024Process Reward Model with Q-Value Rankings15 Oct 2024
- 2024A Survey of Graph Neural Networks in Real world: Imbalance, Noise, Privacy and OOD Challengescited by 54
- 2023Graph Anomaly Detection in Time Series: A Surveycited by 18
- 2024NoisyGL: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Graph Neural Networks under Label Noisecited by 16
- 2023ERASE: Error-Resilient Representation Learning on Graphs for Label Noise Tolerancecited by 11
- 2024On the Learnability of Out-of-distribution Detectioncited by 8
- 2024Mitigating Label Noise on Graph via Topological Sample Selectioncited by 6
- 2025Delving into Instance-Dependent Label Noise in Graph Data: A Comprehensive Study and Benchmarkcited by 4
- 2025DeGLIF for Label Noise Robust Node Classification using GNNscited by 1
- 2026Identifying and Correcting Label Noise for Robust GNNs via Influence Contradictioncited by 1
- 2024Balanced Edge Pruning for Graph Anomaly Detection with Noisy Labelscited by 0
- 2024Energy Guided smoothness to improve Robustness in Graph Classificationcited by 0
- 2025Training Robust Graph Neural Networks by Modeling Noise Dependenciescited by 0
12 most cited of 17 All 17 (JSON)
- 2026Particle Competition and Cooperation for Robust Graph Convolutional Network Learning Under Label Noise18 Sep 2026
- 2026OpenRTAG: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Robust Text-Attributed Graph Learning under Data Quality Degradation21 Jul 2026
- 2026Identifying and Correcting Label Noise for Robust GNNs via Influence Contradiction24 Jan 2026
- 2026DREAM: Dual-Standard Semantic Homogeneity with Dynamic Optimization for Graph Learning with Label Noise24 Jan 2026
- 2025Delving into Instance-Dependent Label Noise in Graph Data: A Comprehensive Study and Benchmark14 Jun 2025
- 2025EDN: A Novel Edge-Dependent Noise Model for Graph Data13 Jun 2025
- 2025Weak Supervision for Real World Graphs3 Jun 2025
- 2025DeGLIF for Label Noise Robust Node Classification using GNNs30 May 2025
- 2025Training Robust Graph Neural Networks by Modeling Noise Dependencies27 Feb 2025
- 2024Energy Guided smoothness to improve Robustness in Graph Classification11 Dec 2024
- 2024Balanced Edge Pruning for Graph Anomaly Detection with Noisy Labels8 Jul 2024
- 2024NoisyGL: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Graph Neural Networks under Label Noise6 Jun 2024
12 newest of 17 All 17 (JSON)