Conterfactual Generative Zero-Shot Semantic Segmentation
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
zero-shot learning is an essential part of computer vision. As a classical downstream task, zero-shot semantic segmentation has been studied because of its applicant value. One of the popular zero-shot semantic segmentation methods is based on the generative model Most new proposed works added structures on the same architecture to enhance this model. However, we found that, from the view of causal inference, the result of the original model has been influenced by spurious statistical relationships. Thus the performance of the prediction shows severe bias. In this work, we consider counterfactual methods to avoid the confounder in the original model. Based on this method, we proposed a new framework for zero-shot semantic segmentation. Our model is compared with baseline models on two real-world datasets, Pascal-VOC and Pascal-Context. The experiment results show proposed models can surpass previous confounded models and can still make use of additional structures to improve the performance. We also design a simple structure based on Graph Convolutional Networks (GCN) in this work.
Key facts. Cited by 10 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 26 of its 36 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 11 Jun 2021.
Builds on
26 of 36 references.
References · 26
- 2015Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognitioncited by 51,809
- 2014Fully Convolutional Networks for Semantic Segmentationcited by 4,845
- 2013Distributed Representations of Words and Phrases and their Compositionalitycited by 3,462
- 2016DeepLab: Semantic Image Segmentation with Deep Convolutional Nets, Atrous Convolution, and Fully Connected CRFscited by 3,239
- 2018Encoder-Decoder with Atrous Separable Convolution for Semantic Image Segmentationcited by 3,210
- 2019Class-Balanced Loss Based on Effective Number of Samplescited by 1,239
- 2019Self-supervised Visual Feature Learning with Deep Neural Networks: A Surveycited by 656
- 2020Unbiased Scene Graph Generation from Biased Trainingcited by 355
- 2016FastText.zip: Compressing text classification modelscited by 331
- 2019Counterfactual Visual Explanationscited by 312
- 2020Counterfactual VQA: A Cause-Effect Look at Language Biascited by 266
- 2017Feature Generating Networks for Zero-Shot Learningcited by 257
14 more
- 2020Long-Tailed Classification by Keeping the Good and Removing the Bad Momentum Causal Effectcited by 256
- 2019Zero-Shot Semantic Segmentationcited by 245
- 2013Zero-Shot Learning Through Cross-Modal Transfercited by 237
- 2018Zero-shot Recognition via Semantic Embeddings and Knowledge Graphscited by 155
- 2016An Empirical Study and Analysis of Generalized Zero-Shot Learning for Object Recognition in the Wildcited by 146
- 2020Interventional Few-Shot Learningcited by 112
- 2021Counterfactual Zero-Shot and Open-Set Visual Recognitioncited by 95
- 2020Context-aware Feature Generation for Zero-shot Semantic Segmentationcited by 94
- 2020Unsupervised Domain Adaptation in Semantic Segmentation: a Reviewcited by 88
- 2015Zero-Shot Learning via Semantic Similarity Embeddingcited by 74
- 2020Deconfounded Image Captioning: A Causal Retrospectcited by 65
- 2017Recent Advances in Zero-shot Recognitioncited by 28
- 2020Learning unbiased zero-shot semantic segmentation networks via transductive transfercited by 11
- 2020Counterfactual Variable Control for Robust and Interpretable Question Answeringcited by 4
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2021: 1; 2022: 2; 2023: 4; 2024: 0; 2025: 2; 2026: 1.
10 papers.
- 2021Decoupling Zero-Shot Semantic Segmentationcited by 198
- 2023Towards Open Vocabulary Learning: A Surveycited by 165
- 2022Perceptual Grouping in Contrastive Vision-Language Modelscited by 82
- 2022ZeroPrompt: Scaling Prompt-Based Pretraining to 1,000 Tasks Improves Zero-Shot Generalizationcited by 54
- 2023Towards Trustworthy and Aligned Machine Learning: A Data-centric Survey with Causality Perspectivescited by 30
- 2023Causal reasoning in typical computer vision taskscited by 12
- 2023MVP-SEG: Multi-View Prompt Learning for Open-Vocabulary Semantic Segmentationcited by 10
- 2025Novel Category Discovery with X-Agent Attention for Open-Vocabulary Semantic Segmentationcited by 2
- 2025Bridge the Gap Between Visual and Linguistic Comprehension for Generalized Zero-shot Semantic Segmentationcited by 0
- 2026Direct Segmentation without Logits Optimization for Training-Free Open-Vocabulary Semantic Segmentationcited by 0
- 2026Direct Segmentation without Logits Optimization for Training-Free Open-Vocabulary Semantic Segmentation9 Apr 2026
- 2025Novel Category Discovery with X-Agent Attention for Open-Vocabulary Semantic Segmentation1 Sep 2025
- 2025Bridge the Gap Between Visual and Linguistic Comprehension for Generalized Zero-shot Semantic Segmentation31 Mar 2025
- 2023Towards Trustworthy and Aligned Machine Learning: A Data-centric Survey with Causality Perspectives31 Jul 2023
- 2023Causal reasoning in typical computer vision tasks26 Jul 2023
- 2023Towards Open Vocabulary Learning: A Survey28 Jun 2023
- 2023MVP-SEG: Multi-View Prompt Learning for Open-Vocabulary Semantic Segmentation14 Apr 2023
- 2022Perceptual Grouping in Contrastive Vision-Language Models18 Oct 2022
- 2022ZeroPrompt: Scaling Prompt-Based Pretraining to 1,000 Tasks Improves Zero-Shot Generalization18 Jan 2022
- 2021Decoupling Zero-Shot Semantic Segmentation15 Dec 2021