RGB-D Salient Object Detection via 3D Convolutional Neural Networks
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Abstract (arXiv)
RGB-D salient object detection (SOD) recently has attracted increasing research interest and many deep learning methods based on encoder-decoder architectures have emerged. However, most existing RGB-D SOD models conduct feature fusion either in the single encoder or the decoder stage, which hardly guarantees sufficient cross-modal fusion ability. In this paper, we make the first attempt in addressing RGB-D SOD through 3D convolutional neural networks. The proposed model, named RD3D, aims at pre-fusion in the encoder stage and in-depth fusion in the decoder stage to effectively promote the full integration of RGB and depth streams. Specifically, RD3D first conducts pre-fusion across RGB and depth modalities through an inflated 3D encoder, and later provides in-depth feature fusion by designing a 3D decoder equipped with rich back-projection paths (RBPP) for leveraging the extensive aggregation ability of 3D convolutions. With such a progressive fusion strategy involving both the encoder and decoder, effective and thorough interaction between the two modalities can be exploited and boost the detection accuracy. Extensive experiments on six widely used benchmark datasets demonstrate that RD3D performs favorably against 14 state-of-the-art RGB-D SOD approaches in terms of four key evaluation metrics. Our code will be made publicly available: https://github.com/PPOLYpubki/RD3D.
Key facts. Cited by 36 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 35 of its 65 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 25 Jan 2021.
Builds on
35 of 65 references.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 6; 2022: 11; 2023: 9; 2024: 8; 2025: 0; 2026: 2.
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- 2022SwinNet: Swin Transformer drives edge-aware RGB-D and RGB-T salient object detectioncited by 59
- 2021CAVER: Cross-Modal View-Mixed Transformer for Bi-Modal Salient Object Detectioncited by 47
- 2021TriTransNet: RGB-D Salient Object Detection with a Triplet Transformer Embedding Networkcited by 45
- 2022Does Thermal Really Always Matter for RGB-T Salient Object Detection?cited by 37
- 2023HiDAnet: RGB-D Salient Object Detection via Hierarchical Depth Awarenesscited by 31
- 2024Effectiveness Assessment of Recent Large Vision-Language Modelscited by 29
- 2023HRTransNet: HRFormer-Driven Two-Modality Salient Object Detectioncited by 27
- 2022Glass Segmentation with RGB-Thermal Image Pairscited by 26
- 2024Alignment-Free RGBT Salient Object Detection: Semantics-guided Asymmetric Correlation Network and A Unified Benchmarkcited by 19
- 2024Learning Adaptive Fusion Bank for Multi-modal Salient Object Detectioncited by 19
- 2023Towards Diverse Binary Segmentation via A Simple yet General Gated Networkcited by 17
- 2022Joint Learning of Salient Object Detection, Depth Estimation and Contour Extractioncited by 12
24 more
- 2022Promoting Saliency From Depth: Deep Unsupervised RGB-D Saliency Detectioncited by 12
- 2023Mutual Information Regularization for Weakly-supervised RGB-D Salient Object Detectioncited by 9
- 2023Unified-modal Salient Object Detection via Adaptive Prompt Learningcited by 9
- 2022GroupTransNet: Group Transformer Network for RGB-D Salient Object Detectioncited by 7
- 2023Adaptive Multi-source Predictor for Zero-shot Video Object Segmentationcited by 7
- 2021Learning Synergistic Attention for Light Field Salient Object Detectioncited by 6
- 2021Multi-modal Bifurcated Network for Depth Guided Image Relightingcited by 6
- 2021MutualFormer: Multi-Modality Representation Learning via Cross-Diffusion Attentioncited by 5
- 2022DFTR: Depth-supervised Fusion Transformer for Salient Object Detectioncited by 5
- 2022Dual Swin-Transformer based Mutual Interactive Network for RGB-D Salient Object Detectioncited by 3
- 2022Mirror Complementary Transformer Network for RGB-thermal Salient Object Detectioncited by 3
- 2023ComPtr: Towards Diverse Bi-source Dense Prediction Tasks via A Simple yet General Complementary Transformercited by 3
- 2021Perception-and-Regulation Network for Salient Object Detectioncited by 2
- 2024Salient Object Detection From Arbitrary Modalitiescited by 2
- 2024Depth-guided Texture Diffusion for Image Semantic Segmentationcited by 2
- 2026STENet: Superpixel Token Enhancing Network for RGB-D Salient Object Detectioncited by 2
- 2024A Saliency Enhanced Feature Fusion based multiscale RGB-D Salient Object Detection Networkcited by 1
- 2024A Volumetric Saliency Guided Image Summarization for RGB-D Indoor Scene Classificationcited by 1
- 2022Multi-Scale Iterative Refinement Network for RGB-D Salient Object Detectioncited by 0
- 2022TANet: Transformer-based Asymmetric Network for RGB-D Salient Object Detectioncited by 0
- 2023ViDaS Video Depth-aware Saliency Networkcited by 0
- 2023HODINet: High-Order Discrepant Interaction Network for RGB-D Salient Object Detectioncited by 0
- 2024Patch is Enough: Naturalistic Adversarial Patch against Vision-Language Pre-training Modelscited by 0
- 2026When Depth Hurts: Reliability-Aware Geometry Distillation for Depth-Free RGB-D Salient Object Detectioncited by 0
- 2026When Depth Hurts: Reliability-Aware Geometry Distillation for Depth-Free RGB-D Salient Object Detection3 Sep 2026
- 2026STENet: Superpixel Token Enhancing Network for RGB-D Salient Object Detection23 Mar 2026
- 2024Patch is Enough: Naturalistic Adversarial Patch against Vision-Language Pre-training Models7 Oct 2024
- 2024Depth-guided Texture Diffusion for Image Semantic Segmentation17 Aug 2024
- 2024Learning Adaptive Fusion Bank for Multi-modal Salient Object Detection3 Jun 2024
- 2024Alignment-Free RGBT Salient Object Detection: Semantics-guided Asymmetric Correlation Network and A Unified Benchmark3 Jun 2024
- 2024Salient Object Detection From Arbitrary Modalities6 May 2024
- 2024Effectiveness Assessment of Recent Large Vision-Language Models7 Mar 2024
- 2024A Saliency Enhanced Feature Fusion based multiscale RGB-D Salient Object Detection Network22 Jan 2024
- 2024A Volumetric Saliency Guided Image Summarization for RGB-D Indoor Scene Classification19 Jan 2024
- 2023Unified-modal Salient Object Detection via Adaptive Prompt Learning28 Nov 2023
- 2023ComPtr: Towards Diverse Bi-source Dense Prediction Tasks via A Simple yet General Complementary Transformer23 Jul 2023
24 more
- 2023HODINet: High-Order Discrepant Interaction Network for RGB-D Salient Object Detection3 Jul 2023
- 2023Mutual Information Regularization for Weakly-supervised RGB-D Salient Object Detection6 Jun 2023
- 2023ViDaS Video Depth-aware Saliency Network19 May 2023
- 2023Towards Diverse Binary Segmentation via A Simple yet General Gated Network18 Mar 2023
- 2023Adaptive Multi-source Predictor for Zero-shot Video Object Segmentation18 Mar 2023
- 2023HiDAnet: RGB-D Salient Object Detection via Hierarchical Depth Awareness18 Jan 2023
- 2023HRTransNet: HRFormer-Driven Two-Modality Salient Object Detection8 Jan 2023
- 2022Does Thermal Really Always Matter for RGB-T Salient Object Detection?9 Oct 2022
- 2022Mirror Complementary Transformer Network for RGB-thermal Salient Object Detection7 Jul 2022
- 2022TANet: Transformer-based Asymmetric Network for RGB-D Salient Object Detection4 Jul 2022
- 2022Dual Swin-Transformer based Mutual Interactive Network for RGB-D Salient Object Detection7 Jun 2022
- 2022Promoting Saliency From Depth: Deep Unsupervised RGB-D Saliency Detection15 May 2022
- 2022SwinNet: Swin Transformer drives edge-aware RGB-D and RGB-T salient object detection12 Apr 2022
- 2022Glass Segmentation with RGB-Thermal Image Pairs12 Apr 2022
- 2022GroupTransNet: Group Transformer Network for RGB-D Salient Object Detection21 Mar 2022
- 2022DFTR: Depth-supervised Fusion Transformer for Salient Object Detection12 Mar 2022
- 2022Joint Learning of Salient Object Detection, Depth Estimation and Contour Extraction9 Mar 2022
- 2022Multi-Scale Iterative Refinement Network for RGB-D Salient Object Detection24 Jan 2022
- 2021CAVER: Cross-Modal View-Mixed Transformer for Bi-Modal Salient Object Detection4 Dec 2021
- 2021MutualFormer: Multi-Modality Representation Learning via Cross-Diffusion Attention2 Dec 2021
- 2021TriTransNet: RGB-D Salient Object Detection with a Triplet Transformer Embedding Network9 Aug 2021
- 2021Perception-and-Regulation Network for Salient Object Detection27 Jul 2021
- 2021Multi-modal Bifurcated Network for Depth Guided Image Relighting3 May 2021
- 2021Learning Synergistic Attention for Light Field Salient Object Detection28 Apr 2021
- 2022SwinNet: Swin Transformer drives edge-aware RGB-D and RGB-T salient object detectioncited by 59
- 2021CAVER: Cross-Modal View-Mixed Transformer for Bi-Modal Salient Object Detectioncited by 47
- 2021TriTransNet: RGB-D Salient Object Detection with a Triplet Transformer Embedding Networkcited by 45
- 2022Does Thermal Really Always Matter for RGB-T Salient Object Detection?cited by 37
- 2023HiDAnet: RGB-D Salient Object Detection via Hierarchical Depth Awarenesscited by 31
- 2023HRTransNet: HRFormer-Driven Two-Modality Salient Object Detectioncited by 27
- 2022Glass Segmentation with RGB-Thermal Image Pairscited by 26
- 2024Alignment-Free RGBT Salient Object Detection: Semantics-guided Asymmetric Correlation Network and A Unified Benchmarkcited by 19
- 2024Learning Adaptive Fusion Bank for Multi-modal Salient Object Detectioncited by 19
- 2023Towards Diverse Binary Segmentation via A Simple yet General Gated Networkcited by 17
- 2022Joint Learning of Salient Object Detection, Depth Estimation and Contour Extractioncited by 12
- 2022Promoting Saliency From Depth: Deep Unsupervised RGB-D Saliency Detectioncited by 12
12 most cited of 34 All 34 (JSON)
- 2026When Depth Hurts: Reliability-Aware Geometry Distillation for Depth-Free RGB-D Salient Object Detection3 Sep 2026
- 2026STENet: Superpixel Token Enhancing Network for RGB-D Salient Object Detection23 Mar 2026
- 2024Depth-guided Texture Diffusion for Image Semantic Segmentation17 Aug 2024
- 2024Learning Adaptive Fusion Bank for Multi-modal Salient Object Detection3 Jun 2024
- 2024Alignment-Free RGBT Salient Object Detection: Semantics-guided Asymmetric Correlation Network and A Unified Benchmark3 Jun 2024
- 2024Salient Object Detection From Arbitrary Modalities6 May 2024
- 2024A Saliency Enhanced Feature Fusion based multiscale RGB-D Salient Object Detection Network22 Jan 2024
- 2024A Volumetric Saliency Guided Image Summarization for RGB-D Indoor Scene Classification19 Jan 2024
- 2023Unified-modal Salient Object Detection via Adaptive Prompt Learning28 Nov 2023
- 2023ComPtr: Towards Diverse Bi-source Dense Prediction Tasks via A Simple yet General Complementary Transformer23 Jul 2023
- 2023HODINet: High-Order Discrepant Interaction Network for RGB-D Salient Object Detection3 Jul 2023
- 2023Mutual Information Regularization for Weakly-supervised RGB-D Salient Object Detection6 Jun 2023
12 newest of 34 All 34 (JSON)