Patch SVDD: Patch-level SVDD for Anomaly Detection and Segmentation
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Abstract (arXiv)
In this paper, we address the problem of image anomaly detection and segmentation. Anomaly detection involves making a binary decision as to whether an input image contains an anomaly, and anomaly segmentation aims to locate the anomaly on the pixel level. Support vector data description (SVDD) is a long-standing algorithm used for an anomaly detection, and we extend its deep learning variant to the patch-based method using self-supervised learning. This extension enables anomaly segmentation and improves detection performance. As a result, anomaly detection and segmentation performances measured in AUROC on MVTec AD dataset increased by 9.8% and 7.0%, respectively, compared to the previous state-of-the-art methods. Our results indicate the efficacy of the proposed method and its potential for industrial application. Detailed analysis of the proposed method offers insights regarding its behavior, and the code is available online.
Key facts. Cited by 212 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 29 Jun 2020.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 30; 2022: 39; 2023: 52; 2024: 45; 2025: 27; 2026: 19.
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- 2021Towards Total Recall in Industrial Anomaly Detectioncited by 772
- 2021CutPaste: Self-Supervised Learning for Anomaly Detection and Localizationcited by 529
- 2021DRAEM -- A discriminatively trained reconstruction embedding for surface anomaly detectioncited by 510
- 2022Anomaly Detection via Reverse Distillation from One-Class Embeddingcited by 419
- 2022SPot-the-Difference Self-Supervised Pre-training for Anomaly Detection and Segmentationcited by 397
- 2021CFLOW-AD: Real-Time Unsupervised Anomaly Detection with Localization via Conditional Normalizing Flowscited by 320
- 2023WinCLIP: Zero-/Few-Shot Anomaly Classification and Segmentationcited by 311
- 2022A Unified Model for Multi-class Anomaly Detectioncited by 267
- 2021FastFlow: Unsupervised Anomaly Detection and Localization via 2D Normalizing Flowscited by 225
- 2023AnomalyGPT: Detecting Industrial Anomalies Using Large Vision-Language Modelscited by 169
- 2022DeSTSeg: Segmentation Guided Denoising Student-Teacher for Anomaly Detectioncited by 153
- 2023Deep Industrial Image Anomaly Detection: A Surveycited by 147
38 more
- 2021Student-Teacher Feature Pyramid Matching for Anomaly Detectioncited by 145
- 2022CFA: Coupled-hypersphere-based Feature Adaptation for Target-Oriented Anomaly Localizationcited by 135
- 2022Registration based Few-Shot Anomaly Detectioncited by 133
- 2021Self-Supervised Predictive Convolutional Attentive Block for Anomaly Detectioncited by 119
- 2021Natural Synthetic Anomalies for Self-Supervised Anomaly Detection and Localizationcited by 116
- 2024RealNet: A Feature Selection Network with Realistic Synthetic Anomaly for Anomaly Detectioncited by 116
- 2022Catching Both Gray and Black Swans: Open-set Supervised Anomaly Detectioncited by 104
- 2024PromptAD: Learning Prompts with only Normal Samples for Few-Shot Anomaly Detectioncited by 97
- 2021Towards a Rigorous Evaluation of Time-series Anomaly Detectioncited by 95
- 2021Inpainting Transformer for Anomaly Detectioncited by 91
- 2024Toward Generalist Anomaly Detection via In-context Residual Learning with Few-shot Sample Promptscited by 88
- 2023BMAD: Benchmarks for Medical Anomaly Detectioncited by 81
- 2022Omni-frequency Channel-selection Representations for Unsupervised Anomaly Detectioncited by 79
- 2023PyramidFlow: High-Resolution Defect Contrastive Localization using Pyramid Normalizing Flowcited by 74
- 2022Explicit Boundary Guided Semi-Push-Pull Contrastive Learning for Supervised Anomaly Detectioncited by 72
- 2021Explainable Deep Few-shot Anomaly Detection with Deviation Networkscited by 69
- 2022PNI : Industrial Anomaly Detection using Position and Neighborhood Informationcited by 69
- 2022MemSeg: A semi-supervised method for image surface defect detection using differences and commonalitiescited by 68
- 2022Deep Learning for Unsupervised Anomaly Localization in Industrial Images: A Surveycited by 67
- 2023Hierarchical Vector Quantized Transformer for Multi-class Unsupervised Anomaly Detectioncited by 66
- 2023IM-IAD: Industrial Image Anomaly Detection Benchmark in Manufacturingcited by 64
- 2023ReContrast: Domain-Specific Anomaly Detection via Contrastive Reconstructioncited by 62
- 2021A Hierarchical Transformation-Discriminating Generative Model for Few Shot Anomaly Detectioncited by 60
- 2023Segment Any Anomaly without Training via Hybrid Prompt Regularizationcited by 59
- 2021OpenFL: An open-source framework for Federated Learningcited by 58
- 2022Prototypical Residual Networks for Anomaly Detection and Localizationcited by 56
- 2023Collaborative Discrepancy Optimization for Reliable Image Anomaly Localizationcited by 56
- 2024SoftPatch: Unsupervised Anomaly Detection with Noisy Datacited by 55
- 2024AnomalyDINO: Boosting Patch-based Few-shot Anomaly Detection with DINOv2cited by 53
- 2024MuSc: Zero-Shot Industrial Anomaly Classification and Segmentation with Mutual Scoring of the Unlabeled Imagescited by 52
- 2023PAD: A Dataset and Benchmark for Pose-agnostic Anomaly Detectioncited by 46
- 2021Constrained Contrastive Distribution Learning for Unsupervised Anomaly Detection and Localisation in Medical Imagescited by 45
- 2023Diversity-Measurable Anomaly Detectioncited by 41
- 2023Multimodal Industrial Anomaly Detection by Crossmodal Feature Mappingcited by 41
- 2024Generalized Out-of-Distribution Detection and Beyond in Vision Language Model Era: A Surveycited by 36
- 2023Anomaly Detection under Distribution Shiftcited by 35
- 2024Do LLMs Understand Visual Anomalies? Uncovering LLM's Capabilities in Zero-shot Anomaly Detectioncited by 35
- 2024MediCLIP: Adapting CLIP for Few-shot Medical Image Anomaly Detectioncited by 35
50 most cited of 212 All 212 (JSON)
- 2026Post-Anomaly Detection Inference for Deep SVDD29 Sep 2026
- 2026Towards Generalizable 3D Anomaly Detection via Relational Inconsistency Modeling28 Sep 2026
- 2026GuidedFlow: An Attention-Guided Framework for Anomaly Detection in Additive Manufacturing24 Aug 2026
- 2026Statistical Non-linear Reconstruction Loss for Image Anomaly Detection14 Jul 2026
- 2026MambaADv2: Evolving Duality-enhanced State Space Model for Unsupervised Anomaly Detection22 Jun 2026
- 2026Beyond Normal References: Discriminative Few-Shot Anomaly Detection22 May 2026
- 2026InCTRLv2: Generalist Residual Models for Few-Shot Anomaly Detection and Segmentation6 Apr 2026
- 2026Modulate-and-Map: Crossmodal Feature Mapping with Cross-View Modulation for 3D Anomaly Detection2 Apr 2026
- 2026A Semantically Disentangled Unified Model for Multi-category 3D Anomaly Detection26 Mar 2026
- 2026Template-Based Feature Aggregation Network for Industrial Anomaly Detection24 Mar 2026
- 2026A Feature Shuffling and Restoration Strategy for Universal Unsupervised Anomaly Detection24 Mar 2026
- 2026URA-Net: Uncertainty-Integrated Anomaly Perception and Restoration Attention Network for Unsupervised Anomaly Detection24 Mar 2026
38 more
- 2026VisualAD: Language-Free Zero-Shot Anomaly Detection via Vision Transformer9 Mar 2026
- 2026GS-CLIP: Zero-shot 3D Anomaly Detection by Geometry-Aware Prompt and Synergistic View Representation Learning22 Feb 2026
- 2026BAAF: Universal Transformation of One-Class Classifiers for Unsupervised Image Anomaly Detection13 Feb 2026
- 2026Semantic-Deviation-Anchored Multi-Branch Fusion for Unsupervised Anomaly Detection and Localization in Unstructured Conveyor-Belt Coal Scenes7 Feb 2026
- 2026PaAno: Patch-Based Representation Learning for Time-Series Anomaly Detection1 Feb 2026
- 2026Multi-Cue Anomaly Detection and Localization under Data Contamination30 Jan 2026
- 2026GCR: Geometry-Consistent Routing for Task-Agnostic Continual Anomaly Detection5 Jan 2026
- 2025Towards Pixel-Wise Anomaly Location for High-Resolution PCBA via Self-Supervised Image Reconstruction19 Dec 2025
- 2025ADPretrain: Advancing Industrial Anomaly Detection via Anomaly Representation Pretraining7 Nov 2025
- 2025ShortcutBreaker: Low-Rank Noisy Bottleneck and Frequency Filtering Block for Multi-Class Unsupervised Anomaly Detection21 Oct 2025
- 2025Adversarially Robust Few-Shot Anomaly Detection with Vision Foundation Models15 Oct 2025
- 2025Enhancing Zero-Shot Anomaly Detection: CLIP-SAM Collaboration with Cascaded Prompts13 Oct 2025
- 2025Kaputt: A Large-Scale Dataset for Visual Defect Detection7 Oct 2025
- 2025Foundation Visual Encoders Are Secretly Few-Shot Anomaly Detectors2 Oct 2025
- 2025ResAD++: Towards Class Agnostic Anomaly Detection via Residual Feature Learning28 Sep 2025
- 2025Tailored Transformation Invariance for Industrial Anomaly Detection22 Sep 2025
- 2025Double Helix Diffusion for Cross-Domain Anomaly Image Generation16 Sep 2025
- 2025Normal and Abnormal Pathology Knowledge-Augmented Vision-Language Model for Anomaly Detection in Pathology Images21 Aug 2025
- 2025Towards High-Resolution Industrial Image Anomaly Detection18 Aug 2025
- 2025Learning local and global prototypes with optimal transport for unsupervised anomaly detection and localization18 Aug 2025
- 2025AF-CLIP: Zero-Shot Anomaly Detection via Anomaly-Focused CLIP Adaptation26 Jul 2025
- 2025OCSVM-Guided Representation Learning for Unsupervised Anomaly Detection25 Jul 2025
- 2025StackCLIP: Clustering-Driven Stacked Prompt in Zero-Shot Industrial Anomaly Detection30 Jun 2025
- 2025SiM3D: Single-instance Multiview Multimodal and Multisetup 3D Anomaly Detection Benchmark26 Jun 2025
- 2025Normality Prior Guided Multi-Semantic Fusion Network for Unsupervised Image Anomaly Detection23 Jun 2025
- 2025Domain Adaptation of Attention Heads for Zero-shot Anomaly Detection28 May 2025
- 2025AnyAnomaly: Zero-Shot Customizable Video Anomaly Detection with LVLM6 Mar 2025
- 2025One-for-More: Continual Diffusion Model for Anomaly Detection27 Feb 2025
- 2025Vision-Language In-Context Learning Driven Few-Shot Visual Inspection Model13 Feb 2025
- 2025A 3D Multimodal Feature for Infrastructure Anomaly Detection9 Feb 2025
- 2025"Stones from Other Hills can Polish Jade": Zero-shot Anomaly Image Synthesis via Cross-domain Anomaly Injection25 Jan 2025
- 2025Teacher Encoder-Student Decoder Denoising Guided Segmentation Network for Anomaly Detection21 Jan 2025
- 2025Patch-aware Vector Quantized Codebook Learning for Unsupervised Visual Defect Detection15 Jan 2025
- 2025Contrastive Representation Modeling for Anomaly Detection9 Jan 2025
- 2024AMI-Net: Adaptive Mask Inpainting Network for Industrial Anomaly Detection and Localization16 Dec 2024
- 2024MEATRD: Multimodal Anomalous Tissue Region Detection Enhanced with Spatial Transcriptomics14 Dec 2024
- 2024ONER: Online Experience Replay for Incremental Anomaly Detection5 Dec 2024
- 2024Friend or Foe? Harnessing Controllable Overfitting for Anomaly Detection30 Nov 2024
50 newest of 212 All 212 (JSON)
- 2023AnomalyGPT: Detecting Industrial Anomalies Using Large Vision-Language Modelscited by 169
- 2024Generalized Out-of-Distribution Detection and Beyond in Vision Language Model Era: A Surveycited by 36
- 2024Do LLMs Understand Visual Anomalies? Uncovering LLM's Capabilities in Zero-shot Anomaly Detectioncited by 35
- 2024VL4AD: Vision-Language Models Improve Pixel-wise Anomaly Detectioncited by 4
- 2024SOWA: Adapting Hierarchical Frozen Window Self-Attention to Visual-Language Models for Better Anomaly Detectioncited by 2
- 2025Vision-Language In-Context Learning Driven Few-Shot Visual Inspection Modelcited by 0
- 2025Vision-Language In-Context Learning Driven Few-Shot Visual Inspection Model13 Feb 2025
- 2024VL4AD: Vision-Language Models Improve Pixel-wise Anomaly Detection25 Sep 2024
- 2024Generalized Out-of-Distribution Detection and Beyond in Vision Language Model Era: A Survey31 Jul 2024
- 2024SOWA: Adapting Hierarchical Frozen Window Self-Attention to Visual-Language Models for Better Anomaly Detection4 Jul 2024
- 2024Do LLMs Understand Visual Anomalies? Uncovering LLM's Capabilities in Zero-shot Anomaly Detection15 Apr 2024
- 2023AnomalyGPT: Detecting Industrial Anomalies Using Large Vision-Language Models29 Aug 2023
- 2021Towards Total Recall in Industrial Anomaly Detectioncited by 772
- 2021CutPaste: Self-Supervised Learning for Anomaly Detection and Localizationcited by 529
- 2021DRAEM -- A discriminatively trained reconstruction embedding for surface anomaly detectioncited by 510
- 2022Anomaly Detection via Reverse Distillation from One-Class Embeddingcited by 419
- 2022SPot-the-Difference Self-Supervised Pre-training for Anomaly Detection and Segmentationcited by 397
- 2021CFLOW-AD: Real-Time Unsupervised Anomaly Detection with Localization via Conditional Normalizing Flowscited by 320
- 2023WinCLIP: Zero-/Few-Shot Anomaly Classification and Segmentationcited by 311
- 2022A Unified Model for Multi-class Anomaly Detectioncited by 267
- 2021FastFlow: Unsupervised Anomaly Detection and Localization via 2D Normalizing Flowscited by 225
- 2022DeSTSeg: Segmentation Guided Denoising Student-Teacher for Anomaly Detectioncited by 153
- 2023Deep Industrial Image Anomaly Detection: A Surveycited by 147
- 2021Student-Teacher Feature Pyramid Matching for Anomaly Detectioncited by 145
12 most cited of 202 All 202 (JSON)
- 2026Post-Anomaly Detection Inference for Deep SVDD29 Sep 2026
- 2026Towards Generalizable 3D Anomaly Detection via Relational Inconsistency Modeling28 Sep 2026
- 2026GuidedFlow: An Attention-Guided Framework for Anomaly Detection in Additive Manufacturing24 Aug 2026
- 2026Statistical Non-linear Reconstruction Loss for Image Anomaly Detection14 Jul 2026
- 2026Beyond Normal References: Discriminative Few-Shot Anomaly Detection22 May 2026
- 2026InCTRLv2: Generalist Residual Models for Few-Shot Anomaly Detection and Segmentation6 Apr 2026
- 2026Modulate-and-Map: Crossmodal Feature Mapping with Cross-View Modulation for 3D Anomaly Detection2 Apr 2026
- 2026A Semantically Disentangled Unified Model for Multi-category 3D Anomaly Detection26 Mar 2026
- 2026Template-Based Feature Aggregation Network for Industrial Anomaly Detection24 Mar 2026
- 2026A Feature Shuffling and Restoration Strategy for Universal Unsupervised Anomaly Detection24 Mar 2026
- 2026URA-Net: Uncertainty-Integrated Anomaly Perception and Restoration Attention Network for Unsupervised Anomaly Detection24 Mar 2026
- 2026VisualAD: Language-Free Zero-Shot Anomaly Detection via Vision Transformer9 Mar 2026
12 newest of 202 All 202 (JSON)