EPOS: Estimating 6D Pose of Objects with Symmetries
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Abstract (arXiv)
We present a new method for estimating the 6D pose of rigid objects with available 3D models from a single RGB input image. The method is applicable to a broad range of objects, including challenging ones with global or partial symmetries. An object is represented by compact surface fragments which allow handling symmetries in a systematic manner. Correspondences between densely sampled pixels and the fragments are predicted using an encoder-decoder network. At each pixel, the network predicts: (i) the probability of each object's presence, (ii) the probability of the fragments given the object's presence, and (iii) the precise 3D location on each fragment. A data-dependent number of corresponding 3D locations is selected per pixel, and poses of possibly multiple object instances are estimated using a robust and efficient variant of the PnP-RANSAC algorithm. In the BOP Challenge 2019, the method outperforms all RGB and most RGB-D and D methods on the T-LESS and LM-O datasets. On the YCB-V dataset, it is superior to all competitors, with a large margin over the second-best RGB method. Source code is at: cmp.felk.cvut.cz/epos.
Key facts. Cited by 147 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 1 Apr 2020.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 16; 2022: 40; 2023: 34; 2024: 28; 2025: 19; 2026: 10.
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- 2021GDRNPP: A Geometry-guided and Fully Learning-based Object Pose Estimatorcited by 148
- 2021FFB6D: A Full Flow Bidirectional Fusion Network for 6D Pose Estimationcited by 144
- 2022Gen6D: Generalizable Model-Free 6-DoF Object Pose Estimation from RGB Imagescited by 120
- 2022ZebraPose: Coarse to Fine Surface Encoding for 6DoF Object Pose Estimationcited by 115
- 2023FoundPose: Unseen Object Pose Estimation with Foundation Featurescited by 109
- 2021SurfEmb: Dense and Continuous Correspondence Distributions for Object Pose Estimation with Learnt Surface Embeddingscited by 95
- 2022GPV-Pose: Category-level Object Pose Estimation via Geometry-guided Point-wise Votingcited by 94
- 2021SO-Pose: Exploiting Self-Occlusion for Direct 6D Pose Estimationcited by 88
- 2022OSOP: A Multi-Stage One Shot Object Pose Estimation Frameworkcited by 81
- 2022ShAPO: Implicit Representations for Multi-Object Shape, Appearance, and Pose Optimizationcited by 70
- 2023BOP Challenge 2022 on Detection, Segmentation and Pose Estimation of Specific Rigid Objectscited by 70
- 2024BOP Challenge 2023 on Detection, Segmentation and Pose Estimation of Seen and Unseen Rigid Objectscited by 60
38 more
- 2022NeRF-Pose: A First-Reconstruct-Then-Regress Approach for Weakly-supervised 6D Object Pose Estimationcited by 57
- 2022Coupled Iterative Refinement for 6D Multi-Object Pose Estimationcited by 48
- 2023ZS6D: Zero-shot 6D Object Pose Estimation using Vision Transformerscited by 45
- 2022OVE6D: Object Viewpoint Encoding for Depth-based 6D Object Pose Estimationcited by 43
- 2022RBP-Pose: Residual Bounding Box Projection for Category-Level Pose Estimationcited by 43
- 2022SSP-Pose: Symmetry-Aware Shape Prior Deformation for Direct Category-Level Object Pose Estimationcited by 41
- 2024Deep Learning-Based Object Pose Estimation: A Comprehensive Surveycited by 39
- 2022RNNPose: Recurrent 6-DoF Object Pose Refinement with Robust Correspondence Field Estimation and Pose Optimizationcited by 38
- 2023Among Us: Adversarially Robust Collaborative Perception by Consensuscited by 37
- 2022Occlusion-Aware Self-Supervised Monocular 6D Object Pose Estimationcited by 34
- 2023Object Pose Estimation with Statistical Guarantees: Conformal Keypoint Detection and Geometric Uncertainty Propagationcited by 33
- 2022Perspective Flow Aggregation for Data-Limited 6D Object Pose Estimationcited by 32
- 2022DPODv2: Dense Correspondence-Based 6 DoF Pose Estimationcited by 32
- 2021Deep Learning on Monocular Object Pose Detection and Tracking: A Comprehensive Overviewcited by 31
- 2023POPE: 6-DoF Promptable Pose Estimation of Any Object, in Any Scene, with One Referencecited by 30
- 2024SceneGraphLoc: Cross-Modal Coarse Visual Localization on 3D Scene Graphscited by 29
- 2022CPPF: Towards Robust Category-Level 9D Pose Estimation in the Wildcited by 28
- 2021Vote from the Center: 6 DoF Pose Estimation in RGB-D Images by Radial Keypoint Votingcited by 25
- 20236D-Diff: A Keypoint Diffusion Framework for 6D Object Pose Estimationcited by 24
- 2024DiffusionNOCS: Managing Symmetry and Uncertainty in Sim2Real Multi-Modal Category-level Pose Estimationcited by 24
- 2022Uni6D: A Unified CNN Framework without Projection Breakdown for 6D Pose Estimationcited by 22
- 2026Orient Anything V2: Unifying Orientation and Rotation Understandingcited by 22
- 2022Neural Correspondence Field for Object Pose Estimationcited by 21
- 2022Bridging the Domain Gap in Satellite Pose Estimation: a Self-Training Approach based on Geometrical Constraintscited by 21
- 2023Challenges for Monocular 6D Object Pose Estimation in Roboticscited by 21
- 2021DemoGrasp: Few-Shot Learning for Robotic Grasping with Human Demonstrationcited by 20
- 2023Visual Localization using Imperfect 3D Models from the Internetcited by 20
- 2022ES6D: A Computation Efficient and Symmetry-Aware 6D Pose Regression Frameworkcited by 19
- 2023Learning to Estimate 6DoF Pose from Limited Data: A Few-Shot, Generalizable Approach using RGB Imagescited by 18
- 2023FSD: Fast Self-Supervised Single RGB-D to Categorical 3D Objectscited by 18
- 2021StablePose: Learning 6D Object Poses from Geometrically Stable Patchescited by 17
- 2022Leveraging Equivariant Features for Absolute Pose Regressioncited by 17
- 2022SC6D: Symmetry-agnostic and Correspondence-free 6D Object Pose Estimationcited by 17
- 2023Confronting Ambiguity in 6D Object Pose Estimation via Score-Based Diffusion on SE(3)cited by 17
- 2023HiPose: Hierarchical Binary Surface Encoding and Correspondence Pruning for RGB-D 6DoF Object Pose Estimationcited by 17
- 2021Polarimetric Pose Predictioncited by 16
- 2024A Comprehensive Survey of Convolutions in Deep Learning: Applications, Challenges, and Future Trendscited by 16
- 2022CRT-6D: Fast 6D Object Pose Estimation with Cascaded Refinement Transformerscited by 15
50 most cited of 147 All 147 (JSON)
- 2026GRC-Pose: Generation-Reconstruction Correspondence for Prior-Free 6D Object Pose Tracking30 Sep 2026
- 2026A Geometry-Driven, Framework-Agnostic Optimization for Object Pose Estimation27 Aug 2026
- 2026Learning Dense 2D-3D Correspondence for X-ray-to-CT Registration of Knee Bones24 Jul 2026
- 2026GAP-GDRNet: Geometry-aware monocular 6D pose estimation for spacecraft using synthetic geometric supervision2 Jul 2026
- 2026ComPose: When to Trust Hands for Object Pose Tracking22 May 2026
- 2026MAPRPose: Mask-Aware Proposal and Amodal Refinement for Multi-Object 6D Pose Estimation22 Apr 2026
- 2026IndustryShapes: An RGB-D Benchmark dataset for 6D object pose estimation of industrial assembly components and tools5 Feb 2026
- 2026RFM-Pose:Reinforcement-Guided Flow Matching for Fast Category-Level 6D Pose Estimation5 Feb 2026
- 2026Detecting 3D Line Segments for 6DoF Pose Estimation with Limited Data17 Jan 2026
- 2026Orient Anything V2: Unifying Orientation and Rotation Understanding9 Jan 2026
- 2025Reconstructing Objects along Hand Interaction Timelines in Egocentric Video8 Dec 2025
- 2025Object Pose Distribution Estimation for Determining Revolution and Reflection Uncertainty in Point Clouds8 Dec 2025
38 more
- 2025Equivariant symmetry-aware head pose estimation for fetal MRI4 Dec 2025
- 2025Uncertainty Quantification for Visual Object Pose Estimation: S-Lemma Ellipsoidal Bounds26 Nov 2025
- 2025AnyBox: Efficient Zero-Shot 9DoF Pose Estimation of Boxes for Robotic Manipulation19 Nov 2025
- 2025WALDO: Where Unseen Model-based 6D Pose Estimation Meets Occlusion19 Nov 2025
- 2025CoordAR: One-Reference 6D Pose Estimation of Novel Objects via Autoregressive Coordinate Map Generation17 Nov 2025
- 2025Monocular Visual 8D Pose Estimation for Articulated Bicycles and Cyclists23 Oct 2025
- 2025MVTOP: Multi-View Transformer-based Object Pose-Estimation5 Aug 2025
- 2025Deterministic Object Pose Confidence Region Estimation28 Jun 2025
- 2025Consensus-Driven Uncertainty for Robotic Grasping based on RGB Perception24 Jun 2025
- 2025GoTrack: Generic 6DoF Object Pose Refinement and Tracking8 Jun 2025
- 2025SupeRANSAC: One RANSAC to Rule Them All5 Jun 2025
- 2025GTR: Gaussian Splatting Tracking and Reconstruction of Unknown Objects Based on Appearance and Geometric Complexity17 May 2025
- 2025RefPose: Leveraging Reference Geometric Correspondences for Accurate 6D Pose Estimation of Unseen Objects16 May 2025
- 2025SCFlow2: Plug-and-Play Object Pose Refiner with Shape-Constraint Scene Flow12 Apr 2025
- 2025GIVEPose: Gradual Intra-class Variation Elimination for RGB-based Category-Level Object Pose Estimation19 Mar 2025
- 2025Active 6D Pose Estimation for Textureless Objects using Multi-View RGB Frames5 Mar 2025
- 2025Universal Features Guided Zero-Shot Category-Level Object Pose Estimation6 Jan 2025
- 2024ReFlow6D: Refraction-Guided Transparent Object 6D Pose Estimation via Intermediate Representation Learning30 Dec 2024
- 20243D Registration in 30 Years: A Survey18 Dec 2024
- 2024SEMPose: A Single End-to-end Network for Multi-object Pose Estimation21 Nov 2024
- 2024CVAM-Pose: Conditional Variational Autoencoder for Multi-Object Monocular Pose Estimation11 Oct 2024
- 2024RayEmb: Arbitrary Landmark Detection in X-Ray Images Using Ray Embedding Subspace10 Oct 2024
- 2024LaPose: Laplacian Mixture Shape Modeling for RGB-Based Category-Level Object Pose Estimation24 Sep 2024
- 2024End-to-End Probabilistic Geometry-Guided Regression for 6DoF Object Pose Estimation18 Sep 2024
- 2024Alignist: CAD-Informed Orientation Distribution Estimation by Fusing Shape and Correspondences10 Sep 2024
- 2024BOP-Distrib: Revisiting 6D Pose Estimation Benchmarks for Better Evaluation under Visual Ambiguities30 Aug 2024
- 2024Comparative Evaluation of 3D Reconstruction Methods for Object Pose Estimation15 Aug 2024
- 2024SABER-6D: Shape Representation Based Implicit Object Pose Estimation11 Aug 2024
- 2024NeuSurfEmb: A Complete Pipeline for Dense Correspondence-based 6D Object Pose Estimation without CAD Models16 Jul 2024
- 2024Monocular pose estimation of articulated open surgery tools -- in the wild16 Jul 2024
- 2024Towards Human-Level 3D Relative Pose Estimation: Generalizable, Training-Free, with Single Reference26 Jun 2024
- 2024Implicit-Zoo: A Large-Scale Dataset of Neural Implicit Functions for 2D Images and 3D Scenes25 Jun 2024
- 2024Resolving Symmetry Ambiguity in Correspondence-based Methods for Instance-level Object Pose Estimation17 May 2024
- 2024RDPN6D: Residual-based Dense Point-wise Network for 6Dof Object Pose Estimation Based on RGB-D Images14 May 2024
- 2024Deep Learning-Based Object Pose Estimation: A Comprehensive Survey13 May 2024
- 2024COBRA -- COnfidence score Based on shape Regression Analysis for method-independent quality assessment of object pose estimation from single images25 Apr 2024
- 2024GeoReF: Geometric Alignment Across Shape Variation for Category-level Object Pose Refinement17 Apr 2024
- 2024SceneGraphLoc: Cross-Modal Coarse Visual Localization on 3D Scene Graphs30 Mar 2024
50 newest of 147 All 147 (JSON)
- 2021GDRNPP: A Geometry-guided and Fully Learning-based Object Pose Estimatorcited by 148
- 2021FFB6D: A Full Flow Bidirectional Fusion Network for 6D Pose Estimationcited by 144
- 2022Gen6D: Generalizable Model-Free 6-DoF Object Pose Estimation from RGB Imagescited by 120
- 2022ZebraPose: Coarse to Fine Surface Encoding for 6DoF Object Pose Estimationcited by 115
- 2023FoundPose: Unseen Object Pose Estimation with Foundation Featurescited by 109
- 2021SurfEmb: Dense and Continuous Correspondence Distributions for Object Pose Estimation with Learnt Surface Embeddingscited by 95
- 2022GPV-Pose: Category-level Object Pose Estimation via Geometry-guided Point-wise Votingcited by 94
- 2021SO-Pose: Exploiting Self-Occlusion for Direct 6D Pose Estimationcited by 88
- 2022OSOP: A Multi-Stage One Shot Object Pose Estimation Frameworkcited by 81
- 2022ShAPO: Implicit Representations for Multi-Object Shape, Appearance, and Pose Optimizationcited by 70
- 2023BOP Challenge 2022 on Detection, Segmentation and Pose Estimation of Specific Rigid Objectscited by 70
- 2024BOP Challenge 2023 on Detection, Segmentation and Pose Estimation of Seen and Unseen Rigid Objectscited by 60
12 most cited of 146 All 146 (JSON)
- 2026GRC-Pose: Generation-Reconstruction Correspondence for Prior-Free 6D Object Pose Tracking30 Sep 2026
- 2026A Geometry-Driven, Framework-Agnostic Optimization for Object Pose Estimation27 Aug 2026
- 2026Learning Dense 2D-3D Correspondence for X-ray-to-CT Registration of Knee Bones24 Jul 2026
- 2026GAP-GDRNet: Geometry-aware monocular 6D pose estimation for spacecraft using synthetic geometric supervision2 Jul 2026
- 2026ComPose: When to Trust Hands for Object Pose Tracking22 May 2026
- 2026MAPRPose: Mask-Aware Proposal and Amodal Refinement for Multi-Object 6D Pose Estimation22 Apr 2026
- 2026IndustryShapes: An RGB-D Benchmark dataset for 6D object pose estimation of industrial assembly components and tools5 Feb 2026
- 2026Detecting 3D Line Segments for 6DoF Pose Estimation with Limited Data17 Jan 2026
- 2026Orient Anything V2: Unifying Orientation and Rotation Understanding9 Jan 2026
- 2025Reconstructing Objects along Hand Interaction Timelines in Egocentric Video8 Dec 2025
- 2025Object Pose Distribution Estimation for Determining Revolution and Reflection Uncertainty in Point Clouds8 Dec 2025
- 2025Equivariant symmetry-aware head pose estimation for fetal MRI4 Dec 2025
12 newest of 146 All 146 (JSON)