mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Machine Learning in Python: Main developments and technology trends in data science, machine learning, and artificial intelligence

arXiv 2002.04803 ↗First posted 12 Feb 2020cs.LG stat.MLcited by 81

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Abstract (arXiv)

Smarter applications are making better use of the insights gleaned from data, having an impact on every industry and research discipline. At the core of this revolution lies the tools and the methods that are driving it, from processing the massive piles of data generated each day to learning from and taking useful action. Deep neural networks, along with advancements in classical ML and scalable general-purpose GPU computing, have become critical components of artificial intelligence, enabling many of these astounding breakthroughs and lowering the barrier to adoption. Python continues to be the most preferred language for scientific computing, data science, and machine learning, boosting both performance and productivity by enabling the use of low-level libraries and clean high-level APIs. This survey offers insight into the field of machine learning with Python, taking a tour through important topics to identify some of the core hardware and software paradigms that have enabled it. We cover widely-used libraries and concepts, collected together for holistic comparison, with the goal of educating the reader and driving the field of Python machine learning forward.

Key facts. Cited by 81 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 12 Feb 2020.

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2021: 8; 2022: 15; 2023: 11; 2024: 22; 2025: 16; 2026: 9.

81 papers.

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  1. 2023IGB: Addressing The Gaps In Labeling, Features, Heterogeneity, and Size of Public Graph Datasets for Deep Learning Researchcited by 29
  2. 2022Benchopt: Reproducible, efficient and collaborative optimization benchmarkscited by 27
  3. 2025OpenSplat3D: Open-Vocabulary 3D Instance Segmentation using Gaussian Splattingcited by 19
  4. 2025Cluster and Predict Latent Patches for Improved Masked Image Modelingcited by 17
  5. 2022DeepCAVE: An Interactive Analysis Tool for Automated Machine Learningcited by 14
  6. 2024Let Go of Your Labels with Unsupervised Transfercited by 14
  7. 2025Large Language Models Encode Semantics and Alignment in Linearly Separable Representationscited by 14
  8. 2022Fine-grained Category Discovery under Coarse-grained supervision with Hierarchical Weighted Self-contrastive Learningcited by 13
  9. 2023SepicNet: Sharp Edges Recovery by Parametric Inference of Curves in 3D Shapescited by 13
  10. 2024Agglomerative Token Clusteringcited by 13
  11. 2024Beyond Scalars: Concept-Based Alignment Analysis in Vision Transformerscited by 11
  12. 2023The Wasserstein Believer: Learning Belief Updates for Partially Observable Environments through Reliable Latent Space Modelscited by 9
38 more
  1. 2023Random Fourier Signature Featurescited by 9
  2. 2024PeaTMOSS: A Dataset and Initial Analysis of Pre-Trained Models in Open-Source Softwarecited by 9
  3. 2024Look Into the LITE in Deep Learning for Time Series Classificationcited by 9
  4. 2024SCMIL: Sparse Context-aware Multiple Instance Learning for Predicting Cancer Survival Probability Distribution in Whole Slide Imagescited by 8
  5. 2024Weighted Point Set Embedding for Multimodal Contrastive Learning Toward Optimal Similarity Metriccited by 6
  6. 2024Wasserstein Distances, Neuronal Entanglement, and Sparsitycited by 6
  7. 2024A Large-Scale Study of Model Integration in ML-Enabled Software Systemscited by 6
  8. 2025AI-powered virtual tissues from spatial proteomics for clinical diagnostics and biomedical discoverycited by 5
  9. 2024MCI-GRU: Stock Prediction Model Based on Multi-Head Cross-Attention and Improved GRUcited by 4
  10. 2024Bootstraping Clustering of Gaussians for View-consistent 3D Scene Understandingcited by 4
  11. 2021GPU Semiring Primitives for Sparse Neighborhood Methodscited by 3
  12. 2021Automated Detection of Abnormalities from an EEG Recording of Epilepsy Patients With a Compact Convolutional Neural Networkcited by 3
  13. 2021Accelerating Genetic Programming using GPUscited by 3
  14. 2025Visualizing LLM Latent Space Geometry Through Dimensionality Reductioncited by 3
  15. 2023RT-kNNS Unbound: Using RT Cores to Accelerate Unrestricted Neighbor Searchcited by 2
  16. 2023Inshrinkerator: Compressing Deep Learning Training Checkpoints via Dynamic Quantizationcited by 2
  17. 2023Using causal inference to avoid fallouts in data-driven parametric analysis: a case study in the architecture, engineering, and construction industrycited by 2
  18. 2023A Mixture of Exemplars Approach for Efficient Out-of-Distribution Detection with Foundation Modelscited by 2
  19. 2024A Unified Framework for Tabular Generative Modeling: Loss Functions, Benchmarks, and Improved Multi-objective Bayesian Optimization Approachescited by 2
  20. 2024FT K-means: A High-Performance K-means on GPU with Fault Tolerancecited by 2
  21. 2025Artificial Impressions: Evaluating Large Language Model Behavior Through the Lens of Trait Impressionscited by 2
  22. 2025DeepCAVE: A Visualization and Analysis Tool for Automated Machine Learningcited by 2
  23. 2021Visual Framing of Science Conspiracy Videos: Integrating Machine Learning with Communication Theories to Study the Use of Color and Brightnesscited by 1
  24. 2021Ten Quick Tips for Deep Learning in Biologycited by 1
  25. 2022CapillaryX: A Software Design Pattern for Analyzing Medical Images in Real-time using Deep Learningcited by 1
  26. 2023GIST: Generated Inputs Sets Transferability in Deep Learningcited by 1
  27. 2024Modeling and Optimization of Epidemiological Control Policies Through Reinforcement Learningcited by 1
  28. 2024Studying the Impact of TensorFlow and PyTorch Bindings on Machine Learning Software Qualitycited by 1
  29. 2024WLPlan: Relational Features for Symbolic Planningcited by 1
  30. 2024PyMilo: A Python Library for ML I/Ocited by 1
  31. 2025Self-Supervised Dynamical System Representations for Physiological Time-Seriescited by 1
  32. 2026Obliviator Reveals the Cost of Nonlinear Guardedness in Concept Erasurecited by 1
  33. 2021Efficient MPI-based Communication for GPU-Accelerated Dask Applicationscited by 0
  34. 2021Leveraging Reinforcement Learning for evaluating Robustness of KNN Search Algorithmscited by 0
  35. 2021LB-CNN: An Open Source Framework for Fast Training of Light Binary Convolutional Neural Networks using Chainer and Cupycited by 0
  36. 2022An Experience Report of Executive-Level Artificial Intelligence Education in the United Arab Emiratescited by 0
  37. 2022PLSSVM: A (multi-)GPGPU-accelerated Least Squares Support Vector Machinecited by 0
  38. 2022Algorithmic support of a personal virtual assistant for automating the processing of client requestscited by 0

50 most cited of 81 All 81 (JSON)