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Multi-Agent Manipulation via Locomotion using Hierarchical Sim2Real

arXiv 1908.05224 ↗First posted 13 Aug 2019cs.RO cs.AI cs.LGcited by 39

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Abstract (arXiv)

Manipulation and locomotion are closely related problems that are often studied in isolation. In this work, we study the problem of coordinating multiple mobile agents to exhibit manipulation behaviors using a reinforcement learning (RL) approach. Our method hinges on the use of hierarchical sim2real -- a simulated environment is used to learn low-level goal-reaching skills, which are then used as the action space for a high-level RL controller, also trained in simulation. The full hierarchical policy is then transferred to the real world in a zero-shot fashion. The application of domain randomization during training enables the learned behaviors to generalize to real-world settings, while the use of hierarchy provides a modular paradigm for learning and transferring increasingly complex behaviors. We evaluate our method on a number of real-world tasks, including coordinated object manipulation in a multi-agent setting. See videos at https://sites.google.com/view/manipulation-via-locomotion

Key facts. Cited by 39 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 13 Aug 2019.

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Citing papers per year: 2019: 1; 2020: 1; 2021: 9; 2022: 8; 2023: 8; 2024: 4; 2025: 5; 2026: 3.

39 papers.

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  1. 2021RMA: Rapid Motor Adaptation for Legged Robotscited by 430
  2. 2019Imitation Learning via Off-Policy Distribution Matchingcited by 182
  3. 2020OPAL: Offline Primitive Discovery for Accelerating Offline Reinforcement Learningcited by 164
  4. 2024Deep Reinforcement Learning for Robotics: A Survey of Real-World Successescited by 153
  5. 2022Legged Locomotion in Challenging Terrains using Egocentric Visioncited by 131
  6. 2023Learning Agile Soccer Skills for a Bipedal Robot with Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 111
  7. 2022Latent Plans for Task-Agnostic Offline Reinforcement Learningcited by 81
  8. 2021Rethinking the Implementation Tricks and Monotonicity Constraint in Cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learningcited by 68
  9. 2021Fast and Efficient Locomotion via Learned Gait Transitionscited by 50
  10. 2021Coupling Vision and Proprioception for Navigation of Legged Robotscited by 46
  11. 2021TRAIL: Near-Optimal Imitation Learning with Suboptimal Datacited by 39
  12. 2023Dynamic Handover: Throw and Catch with Bimanual Handscited by 33
27 more
  1. 2023Legs as Manipulator: Pushing Quadrupedal Agility Beyond Locomotioncited by 30
  2. 2023Composite Motion Learning with Task Controlcited by 26
  3. 2024Pedipulate: Enabling Manipulation Skills using a Quadruped Robot's Legcited by 20
  4. 2022DHRL: A Graph-Based Approach for Long-Horizon and Sparse Hierarchical Reinforcement Learningcited by 18
  5. 2022Asynchronous Actor-Critic for Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learningcited by 16
  6. 2021Spatial Intention Maps for Multi-Agent Mobile Manipulationcited by 11
  7. 2023Learning Vision-based Pursuit-Evasion Robot Policiescited by 9
  8. 2024Learning Multi-Agent Loco-Manipulation for Long-Horizon Quadrupedal Pushingcited by 9
  9. 2021Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning for Air Combat at DARPA's AlphaDogfight Trialscited by 8
  10. 2023Hieros: Hierarchical Imagination on Structured State Space Sequence World Modelscited by 8
  11. 2025Human2LocoMan: Learning Versatile Quadrupedal Manipulation with Human Pretrainingcited by 8
  12. 2021Toward Robust Long Range Policy Transfercited by 6
  13. 2024Reinforcement Learning Within the Classical Robotics Stack: A Case Study in Robot Soccercited by 5
  14. 2022CH-MARL: A Multimodal Benchmark for Cooperative, Heterogeneous Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learningcited by 4
  15. 2023GenDOM: Generalizable One-shot Deformable Object Manipulation with Parameter-Aware Policycited by 3
  16. 2022Learning Pneumatic Non-Prehensile Manipulation with a Mobile Blowercited by 2
  17. 2022Test and Evaluation of Quadrupedal Walking Gaits through Sim2Real Gap Quantificationcited by 1
  18. 2023GenORM: Generalizable One-shot Rope Manipulation with Parameter-Aware Policycited by 1
  19. 2025QuietPaw: Learning Quadrupedal Locomotion with Versatile Noise Preference Alignmentcited by 1
  20. 2025Model-based controller assisted domain randomization for transient vibration suppression of nonlinear powertrain system with parametric uncertaintycited by 1
  21. 2021Adaptation of Quadruped Robot Locomotion with Meta-Learningcited by 0
  22. 2022SHIRO: Soft Hierarchical Reinforcement Learningcited by 0
  23. 2025CAIMAN: Causal Action Influence Detection for Sample-efficient Loco-manipulationcited by 0
  24. 2025Multi-Robot Collaboration through Reinforcement Learning and Abstract Simulationcited by 0
  25. 2026S3: Stable Subgoal Selection by Constraining Uncertainty of Coarse Dynamics in Hierarchical Reinforcement Learningcited by 0
  26. 2026Distributed Dexterous Manipulation with Spatially Conditioned Multi-Agent Transformerscited by 0
  27. 2026Watch, Infer, Coordinate: Inferring Robot Partner Constraints for Zero-Shot Coordinationcited by 0