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MMKG: Multi-Modal Knowledge Graphs

arXiv 1903.05485 ↗First posted 13 Mar 2019cs.AI cs.CLcited by 104

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Abstract (arXiv)

We present MMKG, a collection of three knowledge graphs that contain both numerical features and (links to) images for all entities as well as entity alignments between pairs of KGs. Therefore, multi-relational link prediction and entity matching communities can benefit from this resource. We believe this data set has the potential to facilitate the development of novel multi-modal learning approaches for knowledge graphs.We validate the utility ofMMKG in the sameAs link prediction task with an extensive set of experiments. These experiments show that the task at hand benefits from learning of multiple feature types.

Key facts. Cited by 104 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 13 Mar 2019.

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Citing papers per year: 2021: 4; 2022: 14; 2023: 15; 2024: 24; 2025: 24; 2026: 23.

104 papers.

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  1. 2023Unifying Large Language Models and Knowledge Graphs: A Roadmapcited by 663
  2. 2023Knowledge Editing for Large Language Models: A Surveycited by 189
  3. 2022Foundations and Trends in Multimodal Machine Learning: Principles, Challenges, and Open Questionscited by 116
  4. 2022A Survey of Knowledge Graph Reasoning on Graph Types: Static, Dynamic, and Multimodalcited by 106
  5. 2024Deep Multimodal Learning with Missing Modality: A Surveycited by 89
  6. 2022Multi-Modal Knowledge Graph Construction and Application: A Surveycited by 74
  7. 2022Hybrid Transformer with Multi-level Fusion for Multimodal Knowledge Graph Completioncited by 44
  8. 2024Multimodal Reasoning with Multimodal Knowledge Graphcited by 43
  9. 2022Multi-modal Contrastive Representation Learning for Entity Alignmentcited by 37
  10. 2023SGAligner : 3D Scene Alignment with Scene Graphscited by 30
  11. 2024VLKEB: A Large Vision-Language Model Knowledge Editing Benchmarkcited by 30
  12. 2022MEAformer: Multi-modal Entity Alignment Transformer for Meta Modality Hybridcited by 29
38 more
  1. 2023IMF: Interactive Multimodal Fusion Model for Link Predictioncited by 28
  2. 2024Mosaic of Modalities: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Multimodal Graph Learningcited by 28
  3. 2023Attribute-Consistent Knowledge Graph Representation Learning for Multi-Modal Entity Alignmentcited by 23
  4. 2024NativE: Multi-modal Knowledge Graph Completion in the Wildcited by 23
  5. 2024MC-MKE: A Fine-Grained Multimodal Knowledge Editing Benchmark Emphasizing Modality Consistencycited by 22
  6. 2022Multimodal Analogical Reasoning over Knowledge Graphscited by 21
  7. 2023Rethinking Uncertainly Missing and Ambiguous Visual Modality in Multi-Modal Entity Alignmentcited by 20
  8. 2021Multi-modal Entity Alignment in Hyperbolic Spacecited by 19
  9. 2025Aligning Vision to Language: Annotation-Free Multimodal Knowledge Graph Construction for Enhanced LLMs Reasoningcited by 19
  10. 2022Knowledge Graph Completion with Pre-trained Multimodal Transformer and Twins Negative Samplingcited by 18
  11. 2023Representation Learning on Hyper-Relational and Numeric Knowledge Graphs with Transformerscited by 16
  12. 2025MMGraphRAG: Bridging Vision and Language with Interpretable Multimodal Knowledge Graphscited by 16
  13. 2023Continual Multimodal Knowledge Graph Constructioncited by 15
  14. 2022Joint Multimodal Entity-Relation Extraction Based on Edge-enhanced Graph Alignment Network and Word-pair Relation Taggingcited by 14
  15. 2023UKnow: A Unified Knowledge Protocol with Multimodal Knowledge Graph Datasets for Reasoning and Vision-Language Pre-Trainingcited by 14
  16. 2024Tokenization, Fusion, and Augmentation: Towards Fine-grained Multi-modal Entity Representationcited by 14
  17. 2024Lifelong Knowledge Editing for Vision Language Models with Low-Rank Mixture-of-Expertscited by 14
  18. 2022MMKGR: Multi-hop Multi-modal Knowledge Graph Reasoningcited by 13
  19. 2024Multiple Heads are Better than One: Mixture of Modality Knowledge Experts for Entity Representation Learningcited by 13
  20. 2024Unleashing the Power of Imbalanced Modality Information for Multi-modal Knowledge Graph Completioncited by 10
  21. 2025mKG-RAG: Leveraging Multimodal Knowledge Graphs in Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Knowledge-intensive VQAcited by 10
  22. 2021Applications of knowledge graphs for food science and industrycited by 8
  23. 2022Kuaipedia: a Large-scale Multi-modal Short-video Encyclopediacited by 8
  24. 2022Augmenting Knowledge Graphs for Better Link Predictioncited by 7
  25. 2023Modality-Aware Negative Sampling for Multi-modal Knowledge Graph Embeddingcited by 7
  26. 2024Noise-powered Multi-modal Knowledge Graph Representation Frameworkcited by 7
  27. 2023Multi-Modal Knowledge Graph Transformer Framework for Multi-Modal Entity Alignmentcited by 6
  28. 2024Pseudo-Label Calibration Semi-supervised Multi-Modal Entity Alignmentcited by 6
  29. 2025MegaRAG: Multimodal Knowledge Graph-Based Retrieval Augmented Generationcited by 6
  30. 2022A Unified Continuous Learning Framework for Multi-modal Knowledge Discovery and Pre-trainingcited by 5
  31. 2023AspectMMKG: A Multi-modal Knowledge Graph with Aspect-aware Entitiescited by 5
  32. 2023Open Visual Knowledge Extraction via Relation-Oriented Multimodality Model Promptingcited by 5
  33. 2024ASGEA: Exploiting Logic Rules from Align-Subgraphs for Entity Alignmentcited by 5
  34. 2024VCD: A Dataset for Visual Commonsense Discovery in Imagescited by 5
  35. 2024Progressively Modality Freezing for Multi-Modal Entity Alignmentcited by 5
  36. 2021Node Classification Meets Link Prediction on Knowledge Graphscited by 3
  37. 2022Expanding Knowledge Graphs with Humans in the Loopcited by 3
  38. 2024Zero-Shot Relational Learning for Multimodal Knowledge Graphscited by 3

50 most cited of 104 All 104 (JSON)