VoiceFilter: Targeted Voice Separation by Speaker-Conditioned Spectrogram Masking
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Abstract (arXiv)
In this paper, we present a novel system that separates the voice of a target speaker from multi-speaker signals, by making use of a reference signal from the target speaker. We achieve this by training two separate neural networks: (1) A speaker recognition network that produces speaker-discriminative embeddings; (2) A spectrogram masking network that takes both noisy spectrogram and speaker embedding as input, and produces a mask. Our system significantly reduces the speech recognition WER on multi-speaker signals, with minimal WER degradation on single-speaker signals.
Key facts. Cited by 72 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 11 Oct 2018.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 18; 2022: 17; 2023: 18; 2024: 7; 2025: 5; 2026: 7.
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- 2023SpeechX: Neural Codec Language Model as a Versatile Speech Transformercited by 64
- 2022Separate What You Describe: Language-Queried Audio Source Separationcited by 45
- 2023Transformers in Speech Processing: A Surveycited by 38
- 2021MAAS: Multi-modal Assignation for Active Speaker Detectioncited by 35
- 2021How to Design a Three-Stage Architecture for Audio-Visual Active Speaker Detection in the Wildcited by 30
- 2021Looking into Your Speech: Learning Cross-modal Affinity for Audio-visual Speech Separationcited by 27
- 2022AudioScopeV2: Audio-Visual Attention Architectures for Calibrated Open-Domain On-Screen Sound Separationcited by 24
- 2022Real-Time Target Sound Extractioncited by 22
- 2024ESPnet-SPK: full pipeline speaker embedding toolkit with reproducible recipes, self-supervised front-ends, and off-the-shelf modelscited by 22
- 2021Personalized Speech Enhancement: New Models and Comprehensive Evaluationcited by 18
- 2022SpeechPainter: Text-conditioned Speech Inpaintingcited by 17
- 2023Target Speech Extraction with Conditional Diffusion Modelcited by 15
38 more
- 2022Heterogeneous Target Speech Separationcited by 13
- 2023DPM-TSE: A Diffusion Probabilistic Model for Target Sound Extractioncited by 12
- 2024Look Once to Hear: Target Speech Hearing with Noisy Examplescited by 11
- 2023ReZero: Region-customizable Sound Extractioncited by 10
- 2023FedTherapist: Mental Health Monitoring with User-Generated Linguistic Expressions on Smartphones via Federated Learningcited by 10
- 2025SoloSpeech: Enhancing Intelligibility and Quality in Target Speech Extraction through a Cascaded Generative Pipelinecited by 9
- 2021Personalized Keyphrase Detection using Speaker and Environment Informationcited by 8
- 2022Learning Lip-Based Audio-Visual Speaker Embeddings with AV-HuBERTcited by 8
- 2023DDTSE: Discriminative Diffusion Model for Target Speech Extractioncited by 8
- 2021Multi-Channel Multi-Speaker ASR Using 3D Spatial Featurecited by 7
- 2023X-SepFormer: End-to-end Speaker Extraction Network with Explicit Optimization on Speaker Confusioncited by 6
- 2023LocSelect: Target Speaker Localization with an Auditory Selective Hearing Mechanismcited by 6
- 2024Listen, Chat, and Remix: Text-Guided Soundscape Remixing for Enhanced Auditory Experiencecited by 6
- 2021Efficient Personalized Speech Enhancement through Self-Supervised Learningcited by 5
- 2021Personalized Speech Enhancement through Self-Supervised Data Augmentation and Purificationcited by 5
- 2021Improving On-Screen Sound Separation for Open-Domain Videos with Audio-Visual Self-Attentioncited by 5
- 2021Directed Speech Separation for Automatic Speech Recognition of Long Form Conversational Speechcited by 5
- 2022A Comparative Study on Speaker-attributed Automatic Speech Recognition in Multi-party Meetingscited by 5
- 2022Speaker Extraction with Co-Speech Gestures Cuecited by 5
- 2022Optimal Condition Training for Target Source Separationcited by 5
- 2023Self-Supervised Disentangled Representation Learning for Robust Target Speech Extractioncited by 5
- 2021Zero-Shot Personalized Speech Enhancement through Speaker-Informed Model Selectioncited by 4
- 2021Multi-user VoiceFilter-Lite via Attentive Speaker Embeddingcited by 4
- 2022Spatially Selective Deep Non-linear Filters for Speaker Extractioncited by 4
- 2023BASEN: Time-Domain Brain-Assisted Speech Enhancement Network with Convolutional Cross Attention in Multi-talker Conditionscited by 4
- 2023End-to-End Joint Target and Non-Target Speakers ASRcited by 4
- 2024Cross-attention Inspired Selective State Space Models for Target Sound Extractioncited by 4
- 2025UniFlow: Unifying Speech Front-End Tasks via Continuous Generative Modelingcited by 4
- 2025MeanFlow-TSE: One-Step Generative Target Speaker Extraction with Mean Flowcited by 4
- 2021WASE: Learning When to Attend for Speaker Extraction in Cocktail Party Environmentscited by 3
- 2022Quantitative Evidence on Overlooked Aspects of Enrollment Speaker Embeddings for Target Speaker Separationcited by 3
- 2022Deep neural network techniques for monaural speech enhancement: state of the art analysiscited by 3
- 2021Time-Domain Speech Extraction with Spatial Information and Multi Speaker Conditioning Mechanismcited by 2
- 2021Tune-In: Training Under Negative Environments with Interference for Attention Networks Simulating Cocktail Party Effectcited by 2
- 2021BeamTransformer: Microphone Array-based Overlapping Speech Detectioncited by 2
- 2023Convoifilter: A case study of doing cocktail party speech recognitioncited by 2
- 2026Cocktail-Talker: Multi-Speaker Dialog Modeling in Noisy Social Environments with Turn Action GRPOcited by 2
- 2021A Neural Text-to-Speech Model Utilizing Broadcast Data Mixed with Background Musiccited by 1
50 most cited of 72 All 72 (JSON)
- 2026Role-guided Speaker Deletion Verification in Clinical Psychiatry Speech Recordings with Audio Language Models29 Sep 2026
- 2026Adapting Personalized Speech Enhancement for Low-Latency Audio-Visual Target-Speaker Extraction24 Sep 2026
- 2026Cocktail-Talker: Multi-Speaker Dialog Modeling in Noisy Social Environments with Turn Action GRPO30 Jul 2026
- 2026PS4: Proxy-Supervised Joint Training for Real Target Speaker Extraction9 Jul 2026
- 2026SelectTSL: Prompt-Guided Selective Target Sound Localization in Complex Scenarios2 Jul 2026
- 2026Mask2Flow-TSE: Two-Stage Target Speaker Extraction with Masking and Flow Matching13 Mar 2026
- 2026SAM Audio Judge: A Unified Multimodal Framework for Perceptual Evaluation of Audio Separation27 Jan 2026
- 2025MeanFlow-TSE: One-Step Generative Target Speaker Extraction with Mean Flow21 Dec 2025
- 2025HyWA: Architecture-Preserving Personalized Voice Activity Detection for Full-Duplex Voice Assistants14 Oct 2025
- 2025UniFlow: Unifying Speech Front-End Tasks via Continuous Generative Modeling11 Aug 2025
- 2025SoloSpeech: Enhancing Intelligibility and Quality in Target Speech Extraction through a Cascaded Generative Pipeline25 May 2025
- 2025Target Speaker Extraction through Comparing Noisy Positive and Negative Audio Enrollments23 Feb 2025
38 more
- 2024Cross-attention Inspired Selective State Space Models for Target Sound Extraction7 Sep 2024
- 2024Spectron: Target Speaker Extraction using Conditional Transformer with Adversarial Refinement2 Sep 2024
- 2024AV-CrossNet: an Audiovisual Complex Spectral Mapping Network for Speech Separation By Leveraging Narrow- and Cross-Band Modeling17 Jun 2024
- 2024Look Once to Hear: Target Speech Hearing with Noisy Examples10 May 2024
- 2024Listen, Chat, and Remix: Text-Guided Soundscape Remixing for Enhanced Auditory Experience6 Feb 2024
- 2024ESPnet-SPK: full pipeline speaker embedding toolkit with reproducible recipes, self-supervised front-ends, and off-the-shelf models30 Jan 2024
- 2024TDFNet: An Efficient Audio-Visual Speech Separation Model with Top-down Fusion25 Jan 2024
- 2023Self-Supervised Disentangled Representation Learning for Robust Target Speech Extraction16 Dec 2023
- 2023Personalizing Keyword Spotting with Speaker Information6 Nov 2023
- 2023FedTherapist: Mental Health Monitoring with User-Generated Linguistic Expressions on Smartphones via Federated Learning25 Oct 2023
- 2023LocSelect: Target Speaker Localization with an Auditory Selective Hearing Mechanism16 Oct 2023
- 2023A Glance is Enough: Extract Target Sentence By Looking at A keyword9 Oct 2023
- 2023DPM-TSE: A Diffusion Probabilistic Model for Target Sound Extraction6 Oct 2023
- 2023MBTFNet: Multi-Band Temporal-Frequency Neural Network For Singing Voice Enhancement6 Oct 2023
- 2023DDTSE: Discriminative Diffusion Model for Target Speech Extraction25 Sep 2023
- 2023ReZero: Region-customizable Sound Extraction31 Aug 2023
- 2023Convoifilter: A case study of doing cocktail party speech recognition22 Aug 2023
- 2023SpeechX: Neural Codec Language Model as a Versatile Speech Transformer14 Aug 2023
- 2023Target Speech Extraction with Conditional Diffusion Model8 Aug 2023
- 2023Complete and separate: Conditional separation with missing target source attribute completion27 Jul 2023
- 2023End-to-End Joint Target and Non-Target Speakers ASR4 Jun 2023
- 2023BASEN: Time-Domain Brain-Assisted Speech Enhancement Network with Convolutional Cross Attention in Multi-talker Conditions17 May 2023
- 2023Transformers in Speech Processing: A Survey21 Mar 2023
- 2023X-SepFormer: End-to-end Speaker Extraction Network with Explicit Optimization on Speaker Confusion9 Mar 2023
- 2023Improving Target Speaker Extraction with Sparse LDA-transformed Speaker Embeddings16 Jan 2023
- 2022Deep neural network techniques for monaural speech enhancement: state of the art analysis1 Dec 2022
- 2022Optimal Condition Training for Target Source Separation11 Nov 2022
- 2022Spatially Selective Deep Non-linear Filters for Speaker Extraction4 Nov 2022
- 2022Real-Time Target Sound Extraction4 Nov 2022
- 2022Quantitative Evidence on Overlooked Aspects of Enrollment Speaker Embeddings for Target Speaker Separation23 Oct 2022
- 2022VCSE: Time-Domain Visual-Contextual Speaker Extraction Network9 Oct 2022
- 2022AudioScopeV2: Audio-Visual Attention Architectures for Calibrated Open-Domain On-Screen Sound Separation20 Jul 2022
- 2022SANE-TTS: Stable And Natural End-to-End Multilingual Text-to-Speech24 Jun 2022
- 2022Learning Lip-Based Audio-Visual Speaker Embeddings with AV-HuBERT15 May 2022
- 2022Heterogeneous Target Speech Separation7 Apr 2022
- 2022Speaker Extraction with Co-Speech Gestures Cue31 Mar 2022
- 2022A Comparative Study on Speaker-attributed Automatic Speech Recognition in Multi-party Meetings31 Mar 2022
- 2022Separate What You Describe: Language-Queried Audio Source Separation28 Mar 2022
50 newest of 72 All 72 (JSON)
- 2023Target Speech Extraction with Conditional Diffusion Modelcited by 15
- 2023DPM-TSE: A Diffusion Probabilistic Model for Target Sound Extractioncited by 12
- 2023DDTSE: Discriminative Diffusion Model for Target Speech Extractioncited by 8
- 2025UniFlow: Unifying Speech Front-End Tasks via Continuous Generative Modelingcited by 4
- 2025MeanFlow-TSE: One-Step Generative Target Speaker Extraction with Mean Flowcited by 4
- 2026Mask2Flow-TSE: Two-Stage Target Speaker Extraction with Masking and Flow Matchingcited by 0
- 2026Mask2Flow-TSE: Two-Stage Target Speaker Extraction with Masking and Flow Matching13 Mar 2026
- 2025MeanFlow-TSE: One-Step Generative Target Speaker Extraction with Mean Flow21 Dec 2025
- 2025UniFlow: Unifying Speech Front-End Tasks via Continuous Generative Modeling11 Aug 2025
- 2023DPM-TSE: A Diffusion Probabilistic Model for Target Sound Extraction6 Oct 2023
- 2023DDTSE: Discriminative Diffusion Model for Target Speech Extraction25 Sep 2023
- 2023Target Speech Extraction with Conditional Diffusion Model8 Aug 2023
- 2023SpeechX: Neural Codec Language Model as a Versatile Speech Transformercited by 64
- 2022Separate What You Describe: Language-Queried Audio Source Separationcited by 45
- 2023Transformers in Speech Processing: A Surveycited by 38
- 2021MAAS: Multi-modal Assignation for Active Speaker Detectioncited by 35
- 2021How to Design a Three-Stage Architecture for Audio-Visual Active Speaker Detection in the Wildcited by 30
- 2021Looking into Your Speech: Learning Cross-modal Affinity for Audio-visual Speech Separationcited by 27
- 2022AudioScopeV2: Audio-Visual Attention Architectures for Calibrated Open-Domain On-Screen Sound Separationcited by 24
- 2022Real-Time Target Sound Extractioncited by 22
- 2024ESPnet-SPK: full pipeline speaker embedding toolkit with reproducible recipes, self-supervised front-ends, and off-the-shelf modelscited by 22
- 2021Personalized Speech Enhancement: New Models and Comprehensive Evaluationcited by 18
- 2022SpeechPainter: Text-conditioned Speech Inpaintingcited by 17
- 2022Heterogeneous Target Speech Separationcited by 13
12 most cited of 65 All 65 (JSON)
- 2026Role-guided Speaker Deletion Verification in Clinical Psychiatry Speech Recordings with Audio Language Models29 Sep 2026
- 2026Adapting Personalized Speech Enhancement for Low-Latency Audio-Visual Target-Speaker Extraction24 Sep 2026
- 2026Cocktail-Talker: Multi-Speaker Dialog Modeling in Noisy Social Environments with Turn Action GRPO30 Jul 2026
- 2026PS4: Proxy-Supervised Joint Training for Real Target Speaker Extraction9 Jul 2026
- 2026SelectTSL: Prompt-Guided Selective Target Sound Localization in Complex Scenarios2 Jul 2026
- 2026SAM Audio Judge: A Unified Multimodal Framework for Perceptual Evaluation of Audio Separation27 Jan 2026
- 2025HyWA: Architecture-Preserving Personalized Voice Activity Detection for Full-Duplex Voice Assistants14 Oct 2025
- 2025SoloSpeech: Enhancing Intelligibility and Quality in Target Speech Extraction through a Cascaded Generative Pipeline25 May 2025
- 2025Target Speaker Extraction through Comparing Noisy Positive and Negative Audio Enrollments23 Feb 2025
- 2024Spectron: Target Speaker Extraction using Conditional Transformer with Adversarial Refinement2 Sep 2024
- 2024AV-CrossNet: an Audiovisual Complex Spectral Mapping Network for Speech Separation By Leveraging Narrow- and Cross-Band Modeling17 Jun 2024
- 2024Look Once to Hear: Target Speech Hearing with Noisy Examples10 May 2024
12 newest of 65 All 65 (JSON)