Adversarial Attacks and Defences Competition
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Abstract (arXiv)
To accelerate research on adversarial examples and robustness of machine learning classifiers, Google Brain organized a NIPS 2017 competition that encouraged researchers to develop new methods to generate adversarial examples as well as to develop new ways to defend against them. In this chapter, we describe the structure and organization of the competition and the solutions developed by several of the top-placing teams.
Key facts. Cited by 96 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 31 Mar 2018.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 25; 2022: 22; 2023: 24; 2024: 11; 2025: 9; 2026: 5.
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- 2023Jailbreaking Black Box Large Language Models in Twenty Queriescited by 1,420
- 2023Better Diffusion Models Further Improve Adversarial Trainingcited by 208
- 2022Agreement-on-the-Line: Predicting the Performance of Neural Networks under Distribution Shiftcited by 94
- 2023Diffusion Models for Imperceptible and Transferable Adversarial Attackcited by 94
- 2022Improving Adversarial Transferability via Neuron Attribution-Based Attackscited by 93
- 2021No One Representation to Rule Them All: Overlapping Features of Training Methodscited by 58
- 2021Meta Gradient Adversarial Attackcited by 55
- 2022Improving the Transferability of Targeted Adversarial Examples through Object-Based Diverse Inputcited by 50
- 2023Improving the Transferability of Adversarial Samples by Path-Augmented Methodcited by 36
- 2022Transferable Adversarial Attack based on Integrated Gradientscited by 35
- 2021Boosting Transferability of Targeted Adversarial Examples via Hierarchical Generative Networkscited by 32
- 2021Deep Learning-Based Autonomous Driving Systems: A Survey of Attacks and Defensescited by 30
38 more
- 2022Overparameterized Linear Regression under Adversarial Attackscited by 21
- 2022PRoA: A Probabilistic Robustness Assessment against Functional Perturbationscited by 19
- 2024MirrorCheck: Efficient Adversarial Defense for Vision-Language Modelscited by 19
- 2023Regularization properties of adversarially-trained linear regressioncited by 18
- 2022Realistic Full-Body Anonymization with Surface-Guided GANscited by 15
- 2025Lifelong Safety Alignment for Language Modelscited by 15
- 2021Learning to Learn Transferable Attackcited by 13
- 2022Blackbox Attacks via Surrogate Ensemble Searchcited by 13
- 2023Black-box Targeted Adversarial Attack on Segment Anything (SAM)cited by 13
- 2022Robust Reinforcement Learning via Genetic Curriculumcited by 10
- 2022Invariant Learning via Diffusion Dreamed Distribution Shiftscited by 10
- 2025Transferable Adversarial Attacks on Black-Box Vision-Language Modelscited by 10
- 2021A Simple and Strong Baseline for Universal Targeted Attacks on Siamese Visual Trackingcited by 9
- 2021AdvFilter: Predictive Perturbation-aware Filtering against Adversarial Attack via Multi-domain Learningcited by 9
- 2022Diverse Generative Perturbations on Attention Space for Transferable Adversarial Attackscited by 7
- 2023Adversarial Attack with Raindropscited by 7
- 2023Adversarial alignment: Breaking the trade-off between the strength of an attack and its relevance to human perceptioncited by 7
- 2024Boosting the Transferability of Adversarial Examples via Local Mixup and Adaptive Step Sizecited by 7
- 2023Modeling Adversarial Attack on Pre-trained Language Models as Sequential Decision Makingcited by 6
- 2023LCANets++: Robust Audio Classification using Multi-layer Neural Networks with Lateral Competitioncited by 6
- 2023SoK: Pitfalls in Evaluating Black-Box Attackscited by 6
- 2025NatADiff: Adversarial Boundary Guidance for Natural Adversarial Diffusioncited by 6
- 2026Pushing the Frontier of Black-Box LVLM Attacks via Fine-Grained Detail Targetingcited by 6
- 2021Light Lies: Optical Adversarial Attackcited by 5
- 2021A Regularization Method to Improve Adversarial Robustness of Neural Networks for ECG Signal Classificationcited by 5
- 2022Software Testing for Machine Learningcited by 5
- 2023Improving Model Generalization by On-manifold Adversarial Augmentation in the Frequency Domaincited by 5
- 2021MISA: Online Defense of Trojaned Models using Misattributionscited by 4
- 2021Impact of Attention on Adversarial Robustness of Image Classification Modelscited by 4
- 2021Moir'e Attack (MA): A New Potential Risk of Screen Photoscited by 4
- 2021Natural & Adversarial Bokeh Rendering via Circle-of-Confusion Predictive Networkcited by 4
- 2021Constrained Gradient Descent: A Powerful and Principled Evasion Attack Against Neural Networkscited by 4
- 2022Bayesian Learning with Information Gain Provably Bounds Risk for a Robust Adversarial Defensecited by 4
- 2023Backpropagation Path Search On Adversarial Transferabilitycited by 4
- 2021Adversarial Robustness Study of Convolutional Neural Network for Lumbar Disk Shape Reconstruction from MR imagescited by 3
- 2021Can Targeted Adversarial Examples Transfer When the Source and Target Models Have No Label Space Overlap?cited by 3
- 2021Delving into Deep Image Prior for Adversarial Defense: A Novel Reconstruction-based Defense Frameworkcited by 3
- 2022Hindering Adversarial Attacks with Implicit Neural Representationscited by 3
50 most cited of 96 All 96 (JSON)
- 2026WARP: A Unified Benchmark for Invisible Image Watermarking -- Robustness and Protection Against Attacks30 Sep 2026
- 2026Anchoring Adversarial Trajectories to Data Manifolds: A Bilevel Transfer Optimization Framework30 Sep 2026
- 2026AutoFFS: Adversarial Deformations for Facial Feminization Surgery Planning2 Mar 2026
- 2026Pushing the Frontier of Black-Box LVLM Attacks via Fine-Grained Detail Targeting19 Feb 2026
- 2026Stage-wise Attention-Guided Region Sequencing for Adversarial Attacks on Large Vision-Language Models4 Feb 2026
- 2025Improving Adversarial Robustness Through Adaptive Learning-Driven Multi-Teacher Knowledge Distillation28 Jul 2025
- 2025SCOOTER: A Human Evaluation Framework for Unrestricted Adversarial Examples10 Jul 2025
- 2025ScoreAdv: Score-based Targeted Generation of Natural Adversarial Examples via Diffusion Models8 Jul 2025
- 2025Boosting Generative Adversarial Transferability with Self-supervised Vision Transformer Features26 Jun 2025
- 2025NIC-RobustBench: A Comprehensive Open-Source Toolkit for Neural Image Compression and Robustness Analysis23 Jun 2025
- 2025NatADiff: Adversarial Boundary Guidance for Natural Adversarial Diffusion27 May 2025
- 2025Lifelong Safety Alignment for Language Models26 May 2025
38 more
- 2025Transferable Adversarial Attacks on Black-Box Vision-Language Models2 May 2025
- 2025CyberSentinel: An Emergent Threat Detection System for AI Security20 Feb 2025
- 2024On the Robustness of Distributed Machine Learning against Transfer Attacks18 Dec 2024
- 2024PGD-Imp: Rethinking and Unleashing Potential of Classic PGD with Dual Strategies for Imperceptible Adversarial Attacks15 Dec 2024
- 2024GADT: Enhancing Transferable Adversarial Attacks through Gradient-guided Adversarial Data Transformation24 Oct 2024
- 2024DFT-Based Adversarial Attack Detection in MRI Brain Imaging: Enhancing Diagnostic Accuracy in Alzheimer's Case Studies16 Aug 2024
- 2024MirrorCheck: Efficient Adversarial Defense for Vision-Language Models13 Jun 2024
- 2024Perturbation Towards Easy Samples Improves Targeted Adversarial Transferability8 Jun 2024
- 2024Advancing Generalized Transfer Attack with Initialization Derived Bilevel Optimization and Dynamic Sequence Truncation4 Jun 2024
- 2024A Survey of Neural Network Robustness Assessment in Image Recognition12 Apr 2024
- 2024Ensemble Adversarial Defense via Integration of Multiple Dispersed Low Curvature Models25 Mar 2024
- 2024On the Role of Similarity in Detecting Masquerading Files17 Feb 2024
- 2024Boosting the Transferability of Adversarial Examples via Local Mixup and Adaptive Step Size24 Jan 2024
- 2023Towards Transferable Adversarial Attacks with Centralized Perturbation11 Dec 2023
- 2023RetouchUAA: Unconstrained Adversarial Attack via Image Retouching27 Nov 2023
- 2023SoK: Pitfalls in Evaluating Black-Box Attacks26 Oct 2023
- 2023Adversarial Image Generation by Spatial Transformation in Perceptual Colorspaces21 Oct 2023
- 2023Regularization properties of adversarially-trained linear regression16 Oct 2023
- 2023Black-box Targeted Adversarial Attack on Segment Anything (SAM)16 Oct 2023
- 2023Jailbreaking Black Box Large Language Models in Twenty Queries12 Oct 2023
- 2023A Geometrical Approach to Evaluate the Adversarial Robustness of Deep Neural Networks10 Oct 2023
- 2023AdvMono3D: Advanced Monocular 3D Object Detection with Depth-Aware Robust Adversarial Training3 Sep 2023
- 2023LCANets++: Robust Audio Classification using Multi-layer Neural Networks with Lateral Competition23 Aug 2023
- 2023Backpropagation Path Search On Adversarial Transferability15 Aug 2023
- 2023Dynamic ensemble selection based on Deep Neural Network Uncertainty Estimation for Adversarial Robustness1 Aug 2023
- 2023Discretization-based ensemble model for robust learning in IoT18 Jul 2023
- 2023Adversarial alignment: Breaking the trade-off between the strength of an attack and its relevance to human perception5 Jun 2023
- 2023Enhance Diffusion to Improve Robust Generalization5 Jun 2023
- 2023Modeling Adversarial Attack on Pre-trained Language Models as Sequential Decision Making27 May 2023
- 2023Diffusion Models for Imperceptible and Transferable Adversarial Attack14 May 2023
- 2023Improving the Transferability of Adversarial Samples by Path-Augmented Method28 Mar 2023
- 2023Do we need entire training data for adversarial training?10 Mar 2023
- 2023Improving Model Generalization by On-manifold Adversarial Augmentation in the Frequency Domain28 Feb 2023
- 2023Adversarial Attack with Raindrops28 Feb 2023
- 2023Stationary Point Losses for Robust Model19 Feb 2023
- 2023Better Diffusion Models Further Improve Adversarial Training9 Feb 2023
- 2023RNAS-CL: Robust Neural Architecture Search by Cross-Layer Knowledge Distillation19 Jan 2023
- 2022Bayesian Learning with Information Gain Provably Bounds Risk for a Robust Adversarial Defense5 Dec 2022
50 newest of 96 All 96 (JSON)
- 2024MirrorCheck: Efficient Adversarial Defense for Vision-Language Modelscited by 19
- 2025Transferable Adversarial Attacks on Black-Box Vision-Language Modelscited by 10
- 2026Pushing the Frontier of Black-Box LVLM Attacks via Fine-Grained Detail Targetingcited by 6
- 2026Stage-wise Attention-Guided Region Sequencing for Adversarial Attacks on Large Vision-Language Modelscited by 0
- 2026Pushing the Frontier of Black-Box LVLM Attacks via Fine-Grained Detail Targeting19 Feb 2026
- 2026Stage-wise Attention-Guided Region Sequencing for Adversarial Attacks on Large Vision-Language Models4 Feb 2026
- 2025Transferable Adversarial Attacks on Black-Box Vision-Language Models2 May 2025
- 2024MirrorCheck: Efficient Adversarial Defense for Vision-Language Models13 Jun 2024
- 2022Vanilla Feature Distillation for Improving the Accuracy-Robustness Trade-Off in Adversarial Trainingcited by 2
- 2023RNAS-CL: Robust Neural Architecture Search by Cross-Layer Knowledge Distillationcited by 2
- 2025Improving Adversarial Robustness Through Adaptive Learning-Driven Multi-Teacher Knowledge Distillationcited by 0
- 2025Improving Adversarial Robustness Through Adaptive Learning-Driven Multi-Teacher Knowledge Distillation28 Jul 2025
- 2023RNAS-CL: Robust Neural Architecture Search by Cross-Layer Knowledge Distillation19 Jan 2023
- 2022Vanilla Feature Distillation for Improving the Accuracy-Robustness Trade-Off in Adversarial Training5 Jun 2022
- 2025Lifelong Safety Alignment for Language Modelscited by 15
- 2025Lifelong Safety Alignment for Language Models26 May 2025
- 2023Jailbreaking Black Box Large Language Models in Twenty Queriescited by 1,420
- 2022Agreement-on-the-Line: Predicting the Performance of Neural Networks under Distribution Shiftcited by 94
- 2022Improving Adversarial Transferability via Neuron Attribution-Based Attackscited by 93
- 2021No One Representation to Rule Them All: Overlapping Features of Training Methodscited by 58
- 2021Meta Gradient Adversarial Attackcited by 55
- 2022Improving the Transferability of Targeted Adversarial Examples through Object-Based Diverse Inputcited by 50
- 2023Improving the Transferability of Adversarial Samples by Path-Augmented Methodcited by 36
- 2022Transferable Adversarial Attack based on Integrated Gradientscited by 35
- 2021Boosting Transferability of Targeted Adversarial Examples via Hierarchical Generative Networkscited by 32
- 2021Deep Learning-Based Autonomous Driving Systems: A Survey of Attacks and Defensescited by 30
- 2022Overparameterized Linear Regression under Adversarial Attackscited by 21
- 2022PRoA: A Probabilistic Robustness Assessment against Functional Perturbationscited by 19
- 2023Regularization properties of adversarially-trained linear regressioncited by 18
12 most cited of 84 All 84 (JSON)
- 2026WARP: A Unified Benchmark for Invisible Image Watermarking -- Robustness and Protection Against Attacks30 Sep 2026
- 2026Anchoring Adversarial Trajectories to Data Manifolds: A Bilevel Transfer Optimization Framework30 Sep 2026
- 2026AutoFFS: Adversarial Deformations for Facial Feminization Surgery Planning2 Mar 2026
- 2025SCOOTER: A Human Evaluation Framework for Unrestricted Adversarial Examples10 Jul 2025
- 2025Boosting Generative Adversarial Transferability with Self-supervised Vision Transformer Features26 Jun 2025
- 2025NIC-RobustBench: A Comprehensive Open-Source Toolkit for Neural Image Compression and Robustness Analysis23 Jun 2025
- 2025NatADiff: Adversarial Boundary Guidance for Natural Adversarial Diffusion27 May 2025
- 2025CyberSentinel: An Emergent Threat Detection System for AI Security20 Feb 2025
- 2024On the Robustness of Distributed Machine Learning against Transfer Attacks18 Dec 2024
- 2024PGD-Imp: Rethinking and Unleashing Potential of Classic PGD with Dual Strategies for Imperceptible Adversarial Attacks15 Dec 2024
- 2024GADT: Enhancing Transferable Adversarial Attacks through Gradient-guided Adversarial Data Transformation24 Oct 2024
- 2024DFT-Based Adversarial Attack Detection in MRI Brain Imaging: Enhancing Diagnostic Accuracy in Alzheimer's Case Studies16 Aug 2024
12 newest of 84 All 84 (JSON)