NetGAN: Generating Graphs via Random Walks
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
We propose NetGAN - the first implicit generative model for graphs able to mimic real-world networks. We pose the problem of graph generation as learning the distribution of biased random walks over the input graph. The proposed model is based on a stochastic neural network that generates discrete output samples and is trained using the Wasserstein GAN objective. NetGAN is able to produce graphs that exhibit well-known network patterns without explicitly specifying them in the model definition. At the same time, our model exhibits strong generalization properties, as highlighted by its competitive link prediction performance, despite not being trained specifically for this task. Being the first approach to combine both of these desirable properties, NetGAN opens exciting avenues for further research.
Key facts. Cited by 131 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 2 Mar 2018.
Builds on
No reference list yet.
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2021: 22; 2022: 30; 2023: 29; 2024: 19; 2025: 19; 2026: 12.
131 papers.
Sort:
By area:
- 2021Graph Learning: A Surveycited by 141
- 2022Data Augmentation for Deep Graph Learning: A Surveycited by 133
- 2021Deep Generative Models in Engineering Design: A Reviewcited by 105
- 2022SPECTRE: Spectral Conditioning Helps to Overcome the Expressivity Limits of One-shot Graph Generatorscited by 99
- 2022Revisiting Over-smoothing and Over-squashing Using Ollivier-Ricci Curvaturecited by 98
- 2023Efficient and Degree-Guided Graph Generation via Discrete Diffusion Modelingcited by 80
- 2022A Survey on Deep Graph Generation: Methods and Applicationscited by 69
- 2021Self-Contrastive Learning with Hard Negative Sampling for Self-supervised Point Cloud Learningcited by 52
- 2021Learning Theory Can (Sometimes) Explain Generalisation in Graph Neural Networkscited by 51
- 2021Constructions in combinatorics via neural networkscited by 48
- 2022GraphGDP: Generative Diffusion Processes for Permutation Invariant Graph Generationcited by 43
- 2023A Survey on Graph Diffusion Models: Generative AI in Science for Molecule, Protein and Materialcited by 35
38 more
- 2022Bringing Your Own View: Graph Contrastive Learning without Prefabricated Data Augmentationscited by 28
- 2021Unconditional Scene Graph Generationcited by 22
- 2021Hybrid Quantum-Classical Graph Convolutional Networkcited by 21
- 2022TIGGER: Scalable Generative Modelling for Temporal Interaction Graphscited by 18
- 2023Continual Graph Learning: A Surveycited by 18
- 2023GraphMaker: Can Diffusion Models Generate Large Attributed Graphs?cited by 18
- 2021On the Power of Edge Independent Graph Modelscited by 16
- 2022Interpretable Molecular Graph Generation via Monotonic Constraintscited by 15
- 2022Deep Graph Learning for Anomalous Citation Detectioncited by 14
- 2023SaGess: Sampling Graph Denoising Diffusion Model for Scalable Graph Generationcited by 13
- 2025Flatten Graphs as Sequences: Transformers are Scalable Graph Generatorscited by 13
- 2023FairGen: Towards Fair Graph Generationcited by 12
- 2023A Comprehensive Review of Community Detection in Graphscited by 12
- 2021Partition and Code: learning how to compress graphscited by 10
- 2023Complexity-aware Large Scale Origin-Destination Network Generation via Diffusion Modelcited by 9
- 2025Joint Relational Database Generation via Graph-Conditional Diffusion Modelscited by 9
- 2021Graph Representation Learning for Road Type Classificationcited by 8
- 2022Analysis of Convolutions, Non-linearity and Depth in Graph Neural Networks using Neural Tangent Kernelcited by 8
- 2022Micro and Macro Level Graph Modeling for Graph Variational Auto-Encoderscited by 8
- 2023Origin-Destination Network Generation via Gravity-Guided GANcited by 8
- 2023Graph Contrastive Learning with Generative Adversarial Networkcited by 8
- 2022Data-Free Adversarial Knowledge Distillation for Graph Neural Networkscited by 7
- 2023Let There Be Order: Rethinking Ordering in Autoregressive Graph Generationcited by 7
- 2022A Framework for Large Scale Synthetic Graph Dataset Generationcited by 6
- 2023State of the Art and Potentialities of Graph-level Learningcited by 6
- 2023HiGen: Hierarchical Graph Generative Networkscited by 6
- 2024FairWire: Fair Graph Generationcited by 6
- 2021Adversarial Graph Disentanglementcited by 5
- 2021A Study of Joint Graph Inference and Forecastingcited by 5
- 2022A Graph and Attentive Multi-Path Convolutional Network for Traffic Predictioncited by 5
- 2022Realistic Synthetic Social Networks with Graph Neural Networkscited by 5
- 2024Efficient Dynamic Attributed Graph Generationcited by 5
- 2025Generative AI in Depth: A Survey of Recent Advances, Model Variants, and Real-World Applicationscited by 5
- 2021CCGG: A Deep Autoregressive Model for Class-Conditional Graph Generationcited by 4
- 2022Node Copying: A Random Graph Model for Effective Graph Samplingcited by 4
- 2022A Survey on Temporal Graph Representation Learning and Generative Modelingcited by 4
- 2022Predicting Drug-Drug Interactions using Deep Generative Models on Graphscited by 4
- 2022EDoG: Adversarial Edge Detection For Graph Neural Networkscited by 4
50 most cited of 131 All 131 (JSON)
- 2026Discrete Diffusion for Large Graph Generation via Structural Candidate Restriction2 Oct 2026
- 2026Structural-Functional Brain Connectivity Generation via Multimodal Hypergraph-based Flow Matching2 Oct 2026
- 2026From Graphs to Feeders: Constraint-Guided Diffusion for Rule-Compliant Feeder Generation24 Sep 2026
- 2026LLMs for Social Network Modeling: From Network Generation to Dynamic Processes7 Sep 2026
- 2026From topology learning to graph generation: A unifying perspective2 Sep 2026
- 2026GraphK: Variable-Size Graph Generation with Efficient Edge Construction19 Aug 2026
- 2026TraceSynth: Generating Production-Quality Kernel Traces with Constraint-Guided Diffusion Models13 Jul 2026
- 2026DynaOD: Dynamic Origin-Destination Flow Generation with Discrete-to-Continuous Temporal Semantic Modeling8 Jun 2026
- 2026Fusing Urban Structure and Semantics: A Conditional Diffusion Model for Cross-City OD Matrix Generation1 May 2026
- 2026Synthetic data in cryptocurrencies using generative models17 Apr 2026
- 2026Mitigating topology biases in Graph Diffusion via Counterfactual Intervention2 Mar 2026
- 2026GraDE: A Graph Diffusion Estimator for Frequent Subgraph Discovery in Neural Architectures3 Feb 2026
38 more
- 2025Generative AI in Depth: A Survey of Recent Advances, Model Variants, and Real-World Applications23 Oct 2025
- 2025Benchmarking Fairness-aware Graph Neural Networks in Knowledge Graphs21 Oct 2025
- 2025RoBCtrl: Attacking GNN-Based Social Bot Detectors via Reinforced Manipulation of Bots Control Interaction16 Oct 2025
- 2025PolyGraph Discrepancy: a classifier-based metric for graph generation7 Oct 2025
- 2025Efficient Learning-based Graph Simulation for Temporal Graphs7 Oct 2025
- 2025GraphWeave: Interpretable and Robust Graph Generation via Random Walk Trajectories22 Sep 2025
- 2025Finite-Agent Stochastic Differential Games on Large Graphs: II. Graph-Based Architectures15 Sep 2025
- 2025Sat2Flow: A Structure-Aware Diffusion Framework for Human Flow Generation from Satellite Imagery27 Aug 2025
- 2025BikeVAE-GNN: A Variational Autoencoder-Augmented Hybrid Graph Neural Network for Sparse Bicycle Volume Estimation18 Jul 2025
- 2025Graph Collaborative Attention Network for Link Prediction in Knowledge Graphs5 Jul 2025
- 2025Combining Graph Neural Networks and Mixed Integer Linear Programming for Molecular Inference under the Two-Layered Model5 Jul 2025
- 2025Generating Large Semi-Synthetic Graphs of Any Size2 Jul 2025
- 2025Joint Relational Database Generation via Graph-Conditional Diffusion Models22 May 2025
- 2025Satellites Reveal Mobility: A Commuting Origin-destination Flow Generator for Global Cities21 May 2025
- 2025Probabilistic Graph Circuits: Deep Generative Models for Tractable Probabilistic Inference over Graphs15 Mar 2025
- 2025A Transfer Framework for Enhancing Temporal Graph Learning in Data-Scarce Settings2 Mar 2025
- 2025Flatten Graphs as Sequences: Transformers are Scalable Graph Generators4 Feb 2025
- 2025A Diffusive Data Augmentation Framework for Reconstruction of Complex Network Evolutionary History11 Jan 2025
- 2025CONTINUUM: Detecting APT Attacks through Spatial-Temporal Graph Neural Networks6 Jan 2025
- 2024Enhancing Federated Graph Learning via Adaptive Fusion of Structural and Node Characteristics25 Dec 2024
- 2024A Deep Probabilistic Framework for Continuous Time Dynamic Graph Generation20 Dec 2024
- 2024Efficient Dynamic Attributed Graph Generation11 Dec 2024
- 2024Heterogeneous Graph Generation: A Hierarchical Approach using Node Feature Pooling15 Oct 2024
- 2024PROXI: Challenging the GNNs for Link Prediction2 Oct 2024
- 2024PieClam: A Universal Graph Autoencoder Based on Overlapping Inclusive and Exclusive Communities18 Sep 2024
- 2024Towards certifiable AI in aviation: landscape, challenges, and opportunities13 Sep 2024
- 2024Dual Adversarial Perturbators Generate rich Views for Recommendation26 Aug 2024
- 2024Sum-Product-Set Networks: Deep Tractable Models for Tree-Structured Graphs14 Aug 2024
- 2024Random Walk Diffusion for Efficient Large-Scale Graph Generation8 Aug 2024
- 2024RoBus: A Multimodal Dataset for Controllable Road Networks and Building Layouts Generation10 Jul 2024
- 2024Deep Reinforcement Learning for Adverse Garage Scenario Generation1 Jul 2024
- 2024A Deep Learning Framework for Evaluating Dynamic Network Generative Models and Anomaly Detection15 Jun 2024
- 2024Are Your Models Still Fair? Fairness Attacks on Graph Neural Networks via Node Injections5 Jun 2024
- 2024SteinGen: Generating Fidelitous and Diverse Graph Samples27 Mar 2024
- 2024Exploring Task Unification in Graph Representation Learning via Generative Approach21 Mar 2024
- 2024Nonlinear Sheaf Diffusion in Graph Neural Networks1 Mar 2024
- 2024CGGM: A conditional graph generation model with adaptive sparsity for node anomaly detection in IoT networks27 Feb 2024
- 2024FairWire: Fair Graph Generation6 Feb 2024
50 newest of 131 All 131 (JSON)
- 2023Efficient and Degree-Guided Graph Generation via Discrete Diffusion Modelingcited by 80
- 2023A Survey on Graph Diffusion Models: Generative AI in Science for Molecule, Protein and Materialcited by 35
- 2023GraphMaker: Can Diffusion Models Generate Large Attributed Graphs?cited by 18
- 2023SaGess: Sampling Graph Denoising Diffusion Model for Scalable Graph Generationcited by 13
- 2023Complexity-aware Large Scale Origin-Destination Network Generation via Diffusion Modelcited by 9
- 2025Joint Relational Database Generation via Graph-Conditional Diffusion Modelscited by 9
- 2025Generative AI in Depth: A Survey of Recent Advances, Model Variants, and Real-World Applicationscited by 5
- 2023Modeling and design of heterogeneous hierarchical bioinspired spider web structures using generative deep learning and additive manufacturingcited by 2
- 2023Data Augmentation for Supervised Graph Outlier Detection via Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 1
- 2026Mitigating topology biases in Graph Diffusion via Counterfactual Interventioncited by 0
- 2026Fusing Urban Structure and Semantics: A Conditional Diffusion Model for Cross-City OD Matrix Generationcited by 0
- 2026TraceSynth: Generating Production-Quality Kernel Traces with Constraint-Guided Diffusion Modelscited by 0
12 most cited of 15 All 15 (JSON)
- 2026Discrete Diffusion for Large Graph Generation via Structural Candidate Restriction2 Oct 2026
- 2026Structural-Functional Brain Connectivity Generation via Multimodal Hypergraph-based Flow Matching2 Oct 2026
- 2026From Graphs to Feeders: Constraint-Guided Diffusion for Rule-Compliant Feeder Generation24 Sep 2026
- 2026TraceSynth: Generating Production-Quality Kernel Traces with Constraint-Guided Diffusion Models13 Jul 2026
- 2026Fusing Urban Structure and Semantics: A Conditional Diffusion Model for Cross-City OD Matrix Generation1 May 2026
- 2026Mitigating topology biases in Graph Diffusion via Counterfactual Intervention2 Mar 2026
- 2025Generative AI in Depth: A Survey of Recent Advances, Model Variants, and Real-World Applications23 Oct 2025
- 2025Joint Relational Database Generation via Graph-Conditional Diffusion Models22 May 2025
- 2023Data Augmentation for Supervised Graph Outlier Detection via Latent Diffusion Models29 Dec 2023
- 2023GraphMaker: Can Diffusion Models Generate Large Attributed Graphs?20 Oct 2023
- 2023SaGess: Sampling Graph Denoising Diffusion Model for Scalable Graph Generation29 Jun 2023
- 2023Complexity-aware Large Scale Origin-Destination Network Generation via Diffusion Model8 Jun 2023
12 newest of 15 All 15 (JSON)
- 2021Graph Learning: A Surveycited by 141
- 2022Data Augmentation for Deep Graph Learning: A Surveycited by 133
- 2021Deep Generative Models in Engineering Design: A Reviewcited by 105
- 2022SPECTRE: Spectral Conditioning Helps to Overcome the Expressivity Limits of One-shot Graph Generatorscited by 99
- 2022Revisiting Over-smoothing and Over-squashing Using Ollivier-Ricci Curvaturecited by 98
- 2022A Survey on Deep Graph Generation: Methods and Applicationscited by 69
- 2021Self-Contrastive Learning with Hard Negative Sampling for Self-supervised Point Cloud Learningcited by 52
- 2021Learning Theory Can (Sometimes) Explain Generalisation in Graph Neural Networkscited by 51
- 2021Constructions in combinatorics via neural networkscited by 48
- 2022GraphGDP: Generative Diffusion Processes for Permutation Invariant Graph Generationcited by 43
- 2022Bringing Your Own View: Graph Contrastive Learning without Prefabricated Data Augmentationscited by 28
- 2021Unconditional Scene Graph Generationcited by 22
12 most cited of 113 All 113 (JSON)
- 2026LLMs for Social Network Modeling: From Network Generation to Dynamic Processes7 Sep 2026
- 2026From topology learning to graph generation: A unifying perspective2 Sep 2026
- 2026GraphK: Variable-Size Graph Generation with Efficient Edge Construction19 Aug 2026
- 2026DynaOD: Dynamic Origin-Destination Flow Generation with Discrete-to-Continuous Temporal Semantic Modeling8 Jun 2026
- 2026Synthetic data in cryptocurrencies using generative models17 Apr 2026
- 2026GraDE: A Graph Diffusion Estimator for Frequent Subgraph Discovery in Neural Architectures3 Feb 2026
- 2025Benchmarking Fairness-aware Graph Neural Networks in Knowledge Graphs21 Oct 2025
- 2025PolyGraph Discrepancy: a classifier-based metric for graph generation7 Oct 2025
- 2025Efficient Learning-based Graph Simulation for Temporal Graphs7 Oct 2025
- 2025GraphWeave: Interpretable and Robust Graph Generation via Random Walk Trajectories22 Sep 2025
- 2025Finite-Agent Stochastic Differential Games on Large Graphs: II. Graph-Based Architectures15 Sep 2025
- 2025Sat2Flow: A Structure-Aware Diffusion Framework for Human Flow Generation from Satellite Imagery27 Aug 2025
12 newest of 113 All 113 (JSON)