Learning to Repeat: Fine Grained Action Repetition for Deep Reinforcement Learning
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Abstract (arXiv)
Reinforcement Learning algorithms can learn complex behavioral patterns for sequential decision making tasks wherein an agent interacts with an environment and acquires feedback in the form of rewards sampled from it. Traditionally, such algorithms make decisions, i.e., select actions to execute, at every single time step of the agent-environment interactions. In this paper, we propose a novel framework, Fine Grained Action Repetition (FiGAR), which enables the agent to decide the action as well as the time scale of repeating it. FiGAR can be used for improving any Deep Reinforcement Learning algorithm which maintains an explicit policy estimate by enabling temporal abstractions in the action space. We empirically demonstrate the efficacy of our framework by showing performance improvements on top of three policy search algorithms in different domains: Asynchronous Advantage Actor Critic in the Atari 2600 domain, Trust Region Policy Optimization in Mujoco domain and Deep Deterministic Policy Gradients in the TORCS car racing domain.
Key facts. Cited by 39 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 20 Feb 2017.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 4; 2022: 6; 2023: 5; 2024: 9; 2025: 8; 2026: 7.
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- 2021TempoRL: Learning When to Actcited by 25
- 2025Learning When to Plan: Efficiently Allocating Test-Time Compute for LLM Agentscited by 20
- 2021An Analysis of Frame-skipping in Reinforcement Learningcited by 18
- 2024On the Brittle Foundations of ReAct Prompting for Agentic Large Language Modelscited by 17
- 2022Neural Differential Equations for Learning to Program Neural Nets Through Continuous Learning Rulescited by 16
- 2025Chunking the Critic: A Transformer-based Soft Actor-Critic with N-Step Returnscited by 16
- 2022Dynamic Decision Frequency with Continuous Optionscited by 13
- 2022Generative Planning for Temporally Coordinated Exploration in Reinforcement Learningcited by 10
- 2024When to Sense and Control? A Time-adaptive Approach for Continuous-Time RLcited by 9
- 2023Temporal Transfer Learning for Traffic Optimization with Coarse-grained Advisory Autonomycited by 6
- 2024Deployable Reinforcement Learning with Variable Control Ratecited by 5
- 2021Online reinforcement learning with sparse rewards through an active inference capsulecited by 3
27 more
- 2023Dynamic Observation Policies in Observation Cost-Sensitive Reinforcement Learningcited by 3
- 2023Subwords as Skills: Tokenization for Sparse-Reward Reinforcement Learningcited by 3
- 2024Learning Uncertainty-Aware Temporally-Extended Actionscited by 3
- 2024Reinforcement Learning with Elastic Time Stepscited by 3
- 2025Toward Agents That Reason About Their Computationcited by 3
- 2021Reinforcement Learning for Robot Navigation with Adaptive Forward Simulation Time (AFST) in a Semi-Markov Modelcited by 2
- 2022Simultaneously Updating All Persistence Values in Reinforcement Learningcited by 2
- 2023Speeding-up Evolutionary Algorithms to solve Black-Box Optimization Problemscited by 2
- 2024MOSEAC: Streamlined Variable Time Step Reinforcement Learningcited by 2
- 2025OptionZero: Planning with Learned Optionscited by 2
- 2022Managing Temporal Resolution in Continuous Value Estimation: A Fundamental Trade-offcited by 1
- 2022Temporally Layered Architecture for Adaptive, Distributed and Continuous Controlcited by 1
- 2023Actor-Critic with variable time discretization via sustained actionscited by 1
- 2024State-Novelty Guided Action Persistence in Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 1
- 2024Reinforcement learning to learn quantum states for Heisenberg scaling accuracycited by 1
- 2025TARC: Time-Adaptive Robotic Controlcited by 1
- 2026When to Plan: Learning to Select Between Reactive Control and Deliberative Planningcited by 1
- 2026Let it Cook: Learning to Wait in Sequential Decision Makingcited by 1
- 2024Variable Time Step Reinforcement Learning for Robotic Applicationscited by 0
- 2025Increasing Information for Model Predictive Control with Semi-Markov Decision Processescited by 0
- 2025Select before Act: Spatially Decoupled Action Repetition for Continuous Controlcited by 0
- 2025Improving planning and MBRL with temporally-extended actionscited by 0
- 2026Online Action-Stacking Improves Reinforcement Learning Performance for Air Traffic Controlcited by 0
- 2026When to Re-Commit: Temporal Abstraction Discovery for Long-Horizon Vision-Language Reasoningcited by 0
- 2026Temporal Self-Imitation Learningcited by 0
- 2026Lambda-Hold Control: Human-Like Movement Emerges from a Minimal Task Reward in Predictive Musculoskeletal Simulationcited by 0
- 2026Action Chunking Proximal Policy Optimization with Feedback Correctioncited by 0
- 2026Action Chunking Proximal Policy Optimization with Feedback Correction28 Sep 2026
- 2026Lambda-Hold Control: Human-Like Movement Emerges from a Minimal Task Reward in Predictive Musculoskeletal Simulation17 Aug 2026
- 2026Let it Cook: Learning to Wait in Sequential Decision Making11 Aug 2026
- 2026When to Plan: Learning to Select Between Reactive Control and Deliberative Planning17 Jul 2026
- 2026Temporal Self-Imitation Learning18 Jun 2026
- 2026When to Re-Commit: Temporal Abstraction Discovery for Long-Horizon Vision-Language Reasoning11 May 2026
- 2026Online Action-Stacking Improves Reinforcement Learning Performance for Air Traffic Control7 Jan 2026
- 2025TARC: Time-Adaptive Robotic Control27 Oct 2025
- 2025Toward Agents That Reason About Their Computation26 Oct 2025
- 2025Learning When to Plan: Efficiently Allocating Test-Time Compute for LLM Agents3 Sep 2025
- 2025Improving planning and MBRL with temporally-extended actions21 May 2025
- 2025Chunking the Critic: A Transformer-based Soft Actor-Critic with N-Step Returns5 Mar 2025
27 more
- 2025OptionZero: Planning with Learned Options23 Feb 2025
- 2025Select before Act: Spatially Decoupled Action Repetition for Continuous Control10 Feb 2025
- 2025Increasing Information for Model Predictive Control with Semi-Markov Decision Processes28 Jan 2025
- 2024Reinforcement learning to learn quantum states for Heisenberg scaling accuracy3 Dec 2024
- 2024State-Novelty Guided Action Persistence in Deep Reinforcement Learning9 Sep 2024
- 2024Variable Time Step Reinforcement Learning for Robotic Applications29 Jun 2024
- 2024MOSEAC: Streamlined Variable Time Step Reinforcement Learning3 Jun 2024
- 2024When to Sense and Control? A Time-adaptive Approach for Continuous-Time RL3 Jun 2024
- 2024On the Brittle Foundations of ReAct Prompting for Agentic Large Language Models22 May 2024
- 2024Reinforcement Learning with Elastic Time Steps22 Feb 2024
- 2024Learning Uncertainty-Aware Temporally-Extended Actions8 Feb 2024
- 2024Deployable Reinforcement Learning with Variable Control Rate17 Jan 2024
- 2023Temporal Transfer Learning for Traffic Optimization with Coarse-grained Advisory Autonomy27 Nov 2023
- 2023Speeding-up Evolutionary Algorithms to solve Black-Box Optimization Problems23 Sep 2023
- 2023Subwords as Skills: Tokenization for Sparse-Reward Reinforcement Learning8 Sep 2023
- 2023Actor-Critic with variable time discretization via sustained actions8 Aug 2023
- 2023Dynamic Observation Policies in Observation Cost-Sensitive Reinforcement Learning5 Jul 2023
- 2022Temporally Layered Architecture for Adaptive, Distributed and Continuous Control25 Dec 2022
- 2022Managing Temporal Resolution in Continuous Value Estimation: A Fundamental Trade-off17 Dec 2022
- 2022Dynamic Decision Frequency with Continuous Options6 Dec 2022
- 2022Simultaneously Updating All Persistence Values in Reinforcement Learning21 Nov 2022
- 2022Neural Differential Equations for Learning to Program Neural Nets Through Continuous Learning Rules3 Jun 2022
- 2022Generative Planning for Temporally Coordinated Exploration in Reinforcement Learning24 Jan 2022
- 2021Reinforcement Learning for Robot Navigation with Adaptive Forward Simulation Time (AFST) in a Semi-Markov Model13 Aug 2021
- 2021TempoRL: Learning When to Act9 Jun 2021
- 2021Online reinforcement learning with sparse rewards through an active inference capsule4 Jun 2021
- 2021An Analysis of Frame-skipping in Reinforcement Learning7 Feb 2021
- 2025Chunking the Critic: A Transformer-based Soft Actor-Critic with N-Step Returnscited by 16
- 2024When to Sense and Control? A Time-adaptive Approach for Continuous-Time RLcited by 9
- 2024Deployable Reinforcement Learning with Variable Control Ratecited by 5
- 2024Learning Uncertainty-Aware Temporally-Extended Actionscited by 3
- 2024Reinforcement Learning with Elastic Time Stepscited by 3
- 2025Toward Agents That Reason About Their Computationcited by 3
- 2024MOSEAC: Streamlined Variable Time Step Reinforcement Learningcited by 2
- 2025OptionZero: Planning with Learned Optionscited by 2
- 2024State-Novelty Guided Action Persistence in Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 1
- 2024Reinforcement learning to learn quantum states for Heisenberg scaling accuracycited by 1
- 2024Variable Time Step Reinforcement Learning for Robotic Applicationscited by 0
- 2025Select before Act: Spatially Decoupled Action Repetition for Continuous Controlcited by 0
12 most cited of 16 All 16 (JSON)
- 2026Action Chunking Proximal Policy Optimization with Feedback Correction28 Sep 2026
- 2026Lambda-Hold Control: Human-Like Movement Emerges from a Minimal Task Reward in Predictive Musculoskeletal Simulation17 Aug 2026
- 2026Online Action-Stacking Improves Reinforcement Learning Performance for Air Traffic Control7 Jan 2026
- 2025Toward Agents That Reason About Their Computation26 Oct 2025
- 2025Improving planning and MBRL with temporally-extended actions21 May 2025
- 2025Chunking the Critic: A Transformer-based Soft Actor-Critic with N-Step Returns5 Mar 2025
- 2025OptionZero: Planning with Learned Options23 Feb 2025
- 2025Select before Act: Spatially Decoupled Action Repetition for Continuous Control10 Feb 2025
- 2024Reinforcement learning to learn quantum states for Heisenberg scaling accuracy3 Dec 2024
- 2024State-Novelty Guided Action Persistence in Deep Reinforcement Learning9 Sep 2024
- 2024Variable Time Step Reinforcement Learning for Robotic Applications29 Jun 2024
- 2024MOSEAC: Streamlined Variable Time Step Reinforcement Learning3 Jun 2024
12 newest of 16 All 16 (JSON)
- 2026Temporal Self-Imitation Learningcited by 0
- 2026Temporal Self-Imitation Learning18 Jun 2026
- 2021TempoRL: Learning When to Actcited by 25
- 2021An Analysis of Frame-skipping in Reinforcement Learningcited by 18
- 2022Neural Differential Equations for Learning to Program Neural Nets Through Continuous Learning Rulescited by 16
- 2022Dynamic Decision Frequency with Continuous Optionscited by 13
- 2022Generative Planning for Temporally Coordinated Exploration in Reinforcement Learningcited by 10
- 2023Temporal Transfer Learning for Traffic Optimization with Coarse-grained Advisory Autonomycited by 6
- 2021Online reinforcement learning with sparse rewards through an active inference capsulecited by 3
- 2023Dynamic Observation Policies in Observation Cost-Sensitive Reinforcement Learningcited by 3
- 2023Subwords as Skills: Tokenization for Sparse-Reward Reinforcement Learningcited by 3
- 2021Reinforcement Learning for Robot Navigation with Adaptive Forward Simulation Time (AFST) in a Semi-Markov Modelcited by 2
- 2022Simultaneously Updating All Persistence Values in Reinforcement Learningcited by 2
- 2023Speeding-up Evolutionary Algorithms to solve Black-Box Optimization Problemscited by 2
12 most cited of 19 All 19 (JSON)
- 2026Let it Cook: Learning to Wait in Sequential Decision Making11 Aug 2026
- 2026When to Plan: Learning to Select Between Reactive Control and Deliberative Planning17 Jul 2026
- 2025TARC: Time-Adaptive Robotic Control27 Oct 2025
- 2025Increasing Information for Model Predictive Control with Semi-Markov Decision Processes28 Jan 2025
- 2023Temporal Transfer Learning for Traffic Optimization with Coarse-grained Advisory Autonomy27 Nov 2023
- 2023Speeding-up Evolutionary Algorithms to solve Black-Box Optimization Problems23 Sep 2023
- 2023Subwords as Skills: Tokenization for Sparse-Reward Reinforcement Learning8 Sep 2023
- 2023Actor-Critic with variable time discretization via sustained actions8 Aug 2023
- 2023Dynamic Observation Policies in Observation Cost-Sensitive Reinforcement Learning5 Jul 2023
- 2022Temporally Layered Architecture for Adaptive, Distributed and Continuous Control25 Dec 2022
- 2022Managing Temporal Resolution in Continuous Value Estimation: A Fundamental Trade-off17 Dec 2022
- 2022Dynamic Decision Frequency with Continuous Options6 Dec 2022
12 newest of 19 All 19 (JSON)