mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

DeepCut: Object Segmentation from Bounding Box Annotations using Convolutional Neural Networks

arXiv 1605.07866 ↗First posted 25 May 2016cs.CVcited by 79

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Abstract (arXiv)

In this paper, we propose DeepCut, a method to obtain pixelwise object segmentations given an image dataset labelled with bounding box annotations. It extends the approach of the well-known GrabCut method to include machine learning by training a neural network classifier from bounding box annotations. We formulate the problem as an energy minimisation problem over a densely-connected conditional random field and iteratively update the training targets to obtain pixelwise object segmentations. Additionally, we propose variants of the DeepCut method and compare those to a naive approach to CNN training under weak supervision. We test its applicability to solve brain and lung segmentation problems on a challenging fetal magnetic resonance dataset and obtain encouraging results in terms of accuracy.

Key facts. Cited by 79 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 25 May 2016.

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Citing papers per year: 2021: 24; 2022: 14; 2023: 18; 2024: 10; 2025: 9; 2026: 4.

79 papers.

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  1. 2023Review of Large Vision Models and Visual Prompt Engineeringcited by 77
  2. 2023ScribblePrompt: Fast and Flexible Interactive Segmentation for Any Biomedical Imagecited by 47
  3. 2021MIDeepSeg: Minimally Interactive Segmentation of Unseen Objects from Medical Images Using Deep Learningcited by 45
  4. 2021Source-Free Domain Adaptation for Image Segmentationcited by 45
  5. 2021Every Annotation Counts: Multi-label Deep Supervision for Medical Image Segmentationcited by 37
  6. 2024Interactive Medical Image Segmentation: A Benchmark Dataset and Baselinecited by 30
  7. 2021iSegFormer: Interactive Segmentation via Transformers with Application to 3D Knee MR Imagescited by 27
  8. 2022LE-UDA: Label-efficient unsupervised domain adaptation for medical image segmentationcited by 27
  9. 2023Deep Interactive Segmentation of Medical Images: A Systematic Review and Taxonomycited by 26
  10. 2021Medical Image Segmentation with Limited Supervision: A Review of Deep Network Modelscited by 21
  11. 2021Inter Extreme Points Geodesics for End-to-End Weakly Supervised Image Segmentationcited by 21
  12. 2023Mask-Free Video Instance Segmentationcited by 20
38 more
  1. 2021Bounding Box Tightness Prior for Weakly Supervised Image Segmentationcited by 19
  2. 2021Weakly supervised segmentation with cross-modality equivariant constraintscited by 18
  3. 2023Self-Sampling Meta SAM: Enhancing Few-shot Medical Image Segmentation with Meta-Learningcited by 18
  4. 2024Interactive 3D Medical Image Segmentation with SAM 2cited by 17
  5. 2022PA-Seg: Learning from Point Annotations for 3D Medical Image Segmentation using Contextual Regularization and Cross Knowledge Distillationcited by 16
  6. 2021A survey on shape-constraint deep learning for medical image segmentationcited by 15
  7. 2021Challenges for machine learning in clinical translation of big data imaging studiescited by 15
  8. 2022Scribble2D5: Weakly-Supervised Volumetric Image Segmentation via Scribble Annotationscited by 15
  9. 2022PyMIC: A deep learning toolkit for annotation-efficient medical image segmentationcited by 14
  10. 2023Label-Efficient Deep Learning in Medical Image Analysis: Challenges and Future Directionscited by 14
  11. 2023Boundary-aware Supervoxel-level Iteratively Refined Interactive 3D Image Segmentation with Multi-agent Reinforcement Learningcited by 13
  12. 2021Vessel-CAPTCHA: an efficient learning framework for vessel annotation and segmentationcited by 12
  13. 2022ECONet: Efficient Convolutional Online Likelihood Network for Scribble-based Interactive Segmentationcited by 11
  14. 2022Solve the Puzzle of Instance Segmentation in Videos: A Weakly Supervised Framework with Spatio-Temporal Collaborationcited by 11
  15. 2024Clustering Propagation for Universal Medical Image Segmentationcited by 11
  16. 2023Weakly-Supervised 3D Medical Image Segmentation using Geometric Prior and Contrastive Similaritycited by 9
  17. 2023Temporally-Extended Prompts Optimization for SAM in Interactive Medical Image Segmentationcited by 9
  18. 2025WeakMedSAM: Weakly-Supervised Medical Image Segmentation via SAM with Sub-Class Exploration and Prompt Affinity Miningcited by 8
  19. 2025MediSee: Reasoning-based Pixel-level Perception in Medical Imagescited by 8
  20. 2022Learning to segment fetal brain tissue from noisy annotationscited by 7
  21. 2021Segmentation with mixed supervision: Confidence maximization helps knowledge distillationcited by 6
  22. 2023Weakly Supervised Intracranial Hemorrhage Segmentation using Head-Wise Gradient-Infused Self-Attention Maps from a Swin Transformer in Categorical Learningcited by 6
  23. 2023Data efficient deep learning for medical image analysis: A surveycited by 6
  24. 2021Beyond pixel-wise supervision for segmentation: A few global shape descriptors might be surprisingly good!cited by 5
  25. 2022Neural Annotation Refinement: Development of a New 3D Dataset for Adrenal Gland Analysiscited by 5
  26. 2022Foreground-Background Separation through Concept Distillation from Generative Image Foundation Modelscited by 5
  27. 2024Automating MedSAM by Learning Prompts with Weak Few-Shot Supervisioncited by 5
  28. 2021Active learning using weakly supervised signals for quality inspectioncited by 4
  29. 2021Quality-Aware Memory Network for Interactive Volumetric Image Segmentationcited by 4
  30. 2021Rapid head-pose detection for automated slice prescription of fetal-brain MRIcited by 4
  31. 2021Interactive Segmentation via Deep Learning and B-Spline Explicit Active Surfacescited by 4
  32. 2021Interactive Medical Image Segmentation with Self-Adaptive Confidence Calibrationcited by 4
  33. 2022Applications of Deep Learning in Fish Habitat Monitoring: A Tutorial and Surveycited by 4
  34. 2024Beyond Pixel-Wise Supervision for Medical Image Segmentation: From Traditional Models to Foundation Modelscited by 4
  35. 2023Weakly Supervised Image Segmentation Beyond Tight Bounding Box Annotationscited by 3
  36. 2023Adaptive Multi-scale Online Likelihood Network for AI-assisted Interactive Segmentationcited by 3
  37. 2024DiffSeg: A Segmentation Model for Skin Lesions Based on Diffusion Differencecited by 3
  38. 2025Flip Learning: Weakly Supervised Erase to Segment Nodules in Breast Ultrasoundcited by 3

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