mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

From Probabilities to Decisions: Search and Multi-Teacher Distillation with Jev

arXiv 2610.09188 ↗First posted 6 Oct 2026cs.AIcited by 0

Not on the map. Why?

Abstract (arXiv)

Probability-only models, which TypeSafe calls System One models, return calibrated probabilities for fixed choices in milliseconds and generate no text. We study one such model, Jev, through two tasks that require decisions under tight constraints. In bullet chess, a bot that places Jev's judgment inside Stockfish search alongside an opening book and endgame tablebases climbs above a 2200 Lichess bullet rating against other bots. Live model calls are too slow for search, so we distill pairwise judgments into a compact evaluator that runs at every position. We then ask how best to spend a fixed labeling budget when an LLM, Qwen3-32B, is available as a second teacher. In chess, averaging both judges' labels beats spending the whole budget on Qwen alone by 9.6 Elo (95% interval 4.3 to 14.9), and the gain replicates on fresh openings; a second answer from the same judge is no substitute, and Jev is the strongest partner for Qwen among the models tested. In passage reranking, Jev's labels alone train a reranker that scores as high as Qwen's, from 21 minutes of API calls instead of 5.1 GPU-hours, and adding Qwen gains at most a few thousandths in ranking quality. Search supplies the lookahead, distillation makes the judgment cheap enough to use at every position, and an LLM partner pays off in chess.

Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 15 of its 31 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 6 Oct 2026.

Builds on

15 of 31 references.

References · 15

  1. 2015Distilling the Knowledge in a Neural Networkcited by 10,324
  2. 2023Judging LLM-as-a-Judge with MT-Bench and Chatbot Arenacited by 8,626
  3. 2016MS MARCO: A Human Generated MAchine Reading COmprehension Datasetcited by 1,605
  4. 2020MiniLM: Deep Self-Attention Distillation for Task-Agnostic Compression of Pre-Trained Transformerscited by 1,463
  5. 2024Replacing Judges with Juries: Evaluating LLM Generations with a Panel of Diverse Modelscited by 326
  6. 2020Overview of the TREC 2019 deep learning trackcited by 286
  7. 2021Overview of the TREC 2020 deep learning trackcited by 196
  8. 2024WARM: On the Benefits of Weight Averaged Reward Modelscited by 147
  9. 2023Motif: Intrinsic Motivation from Artificial Intelligence Feedbackcited by 102
  10. 2024Amortized Planning with Large-Scale Transformers: A Case Study on Chesscited by 49
  11. 2024Mastering Board Games by External and Internal Planning with Language Modelscited by 31
  12. 2026JEV-as-a-Judge: Accept When Confident, Escalate When Unsurecited by 30
3 more
  1. 2017DeepChess: End-to-End Deep Neural Network for Automatic Learning in Chesscited by 14
  2. 2019SentiMATE: Learning to play Chess through Natural Language Processingcited by 9
  3. 2026Decision Models vs. LLMs as Rubric Judges: Cheaper, Faster, and Wrong in the Same Placescited by 6

Built on by

Not cited yet.