mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Direct Experience World-Model Optimization: Learning the World Beyond Action Imitation

arXiv 2609.37398 ↗First posted 29 Sep 2026cs.AI cs.ROcited by 0

On the map: World models → Embodied and robot world models

Abstract (arXiv)

World-Action Models (WAMs) couple action generation with predictions of how physical interactions unfold. However, current post-deployment learning paradigms typically improve behavior without requiring better world predictions. Especially in dexterous manipulation, small execution errors can compound in high-dimensional action spaces, hindering policy improvement and pushing interactions beyond the world model's training distribution. Motivated by this, we propose Direct Experience World-Model Optimization (DEWO), a post-deployment learning paradigm for WAMs that, alongside action imitation, refines world representations through visual experience to better condition action generation. Specifically, it identifies interaction turning points and learns from successful and failed futures to support classifier-free guidance. An additional value head estimates task progress from video representations and activates guidance when progress stalls during inference. Across five DexJoCo tasks, DEWO improves average success across all three WAM formulations. Ablations show that visual supervision from successful and failed continuations improves both prediction and control beyond action supervision alone. On four real-world tasks across Wuji and Sharpa, 3 x 3 grid evaluations show that two rounds of deployment learning increase success from 51.0% to 71.7% in cells with at least one initial success, a gain of 20.7 percentage points. These findings support continued predictive learning for improving control through deployment experience, making world modeling an active part of WAM adaptation.

Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Embodied and robot world models, one of 11 directions in World models. Builds on 22 of its 31 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 29 Sep 2026.

Builds on

22 of 31 references.

Closest ancestors · 6

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2026OpenWAM: An Open, Modular Exploration Towards Systematic World-Action Model Pretraining7 Sep
  2. 2026Motus2: A Self-Evolving General World Model for Dexterous Manipulation31 Aug
  3. 2026WAM-OPD: On-Policy Distillation for World Action Models23 Aug
  4. 2026Fast-WAM: Do World Action Models Need Test-time Future Imagination?17 Mar
  5. 2026World Action Models are Zero-shot Policies17 Feb
  6. 2026RISE: Self-Improving Robot Policy with Compositional World Model11 Feb

Other references · 16

  1. 2022Classifier-Free Diffusion Guidancecited by 5,717
  2. 2022Flow Matching for Generative Modelingcited by 5,426
  3. 2025Wan: Open and Advanced Large-Scale Video Generative Modelscited by 2,536
  4. 2025π0.5: a Vision-Language-Action Model with Open-World Generalizationcited by 1,653
  5. 2026Cosmos Policy: Fine-Tuning Video Models for Visuomotor Control and Planningcited by 274
  6. 2025mimic-video: Video-Action Models for Generalizable Robot Control Beyond VLAscited by 133
  7. 2023Guided Flows for Generative Modeling and Decision Makingcited by 99
  8. 2026World Model for Robot Learning: A Comprehensive Surveycited by 42
  9. 2024Learning Manipulation by Predicting Interactioncited by 36
  10. 2026Native Video-Action Pretraining for Generalizable Robot Controlcited by 30
  11. 2022The Effectiveness of World Models for Continual Reinforcement Learningcited by 15
  12. 2026Learning While Deploying: Fleet-Scale Reinforcement Learning for Generalist Robot Policiescited by 12
4 more
  1. 2026DexJoCo: A Benchmark and Toolkit for Task-Oriented Dexterous Manipulation on MuJoCocited by 6
  2. 2026WAM-RL: World-Action Model Reinforcement Learning with Reconstruction Rewards and Online Video SFTcited by 3
  3. 2025Learning Dexterous Manipulation with Quantized Hand Statecited by 1
  4. 2026LAMP: Latent Motion Prior-Guided Real-World Learning for Dexterous Hand Manipulationcited by 1

Built on by

Not cited yet.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2026GE-Act 2.0: Pretraining and Scaling a World-Action Model for Robotic Manipulation
  2. 2026World Models for Robotic Manipulation: A Survey
  3. 2026Enhancing Policy Learning with World-Action Model
  4. 2026Not All Actions Are Equal: Rethinking Conditioning for Dexterous World Model
  5. 2026τ0-WM: A Unified Video-Action World Model for Robotic Manipulation
  6. 2026Achieve What You Imagined: Learning to Align Actions with Visual Plans
  7. 2026HarmoWAM: Harmonizing Generalizable and Precise Manipulation via Adaptive World Action Models
  8. 2026Copper-Policy: Focus on the Representation for Robust Robot Manipulation