MEGA: Self-Evolving Agent Optimization Infrastructure via Wisdom Graph
On the map: LLM agents and tool use → General LLM agent frameworks and benchmarks
also in 1 more
Abstract (arXiv)
As coding agents increasingly handle implementation, the central challenge shifts from building individual agents to building an infrastructure that systematically improves them. Current approaches optimize agent systems without accumulating transferable knowledge, accumulate knowledge without compositional reasoning over it, and lack a mechanism for that knowledge to self-evolve through operational evidence. MEGA (Meta Evaluation-Grounded Adaptation) addresses these gaps as a self-evolving infrastructure: each optimization cycle produces durable assets, compositional reasoning over those assets guides subsequent optimization, and operational evidence refines both the accumulated wisdom and the reasoning that governs it. Layer 1 distills reusable wisdom from agent sessions through behavioral-pattern clustering and empirical A/B validation, transforming each process into a durable asset. Layer 2 decomposes these assets into atomic PCR (Primary-Context-Resultant) units within a typed Wisdom Graph and performs deductive, abductive, and inductive reasoning to expand implicit relations; it then assembles context-specific execution plans through compositional retrieval that surfaces bridging knowledge unreachable by embedding similarity alone. Layer 3 performs multi-agent collaborative optimization over heterogeneous agent workflows (code nodes, LLM calls, and tool-using agents), attributing improvement effects to specific strategy changes through controlled evaluation that eliminates data variance. Evidence fed back from Layer 3 drives the self-evolution of both the curation strategies that govern wisdom composition and the optimization trajectories accumulated across runs. The result is an infrastructure in which optimizing an agent system and evolving the knowledge that guides optimization are one and the same process.
Key facts. Cited by 1 paper in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in General LLM agent frameworks and benchmarks, one of 16 directions in LLM agents and tool use. Builds on 26 of its 39 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 11 Aug 2026.
Builds on
26 of 39 references.
References · 26
- 2023Reflexion: Language Agents with Verbal Reinforcement Learningcited by 4,276
- 2023Self-Refine: Iterative Refinement with Self-Feedbackcited by 3,442
- 2023Voyager: An Open-Ended Embodied Agent with Large Language Modelscited by 2,191
- 2024From Local to Global: A Graph RAG Approach to Query-Focused Summarizationcited by 1,453
- 2022Measuring and Narrowing the Compositionality Gap in Language Modelscited by 1,075
- 2016ConceptNet 5.5: An Open Multilingual Graph of General Knowledgecited by 1,067
- 2025GEPA: Reflective Prompt Evolution Can Outperform Reinforcement Learningcited by 542
- 2025Agentic Context Engineering: Evolving Contexts for Self-Improving Language Modelscited by 398
- 2024Agent Workflow Memorycited by 383
- 2024Optimizing Instructions and Demonstrations for Multi-Stage Language Model Programscited by 291
- 2025ReasoningBank: Scaling Agent Self-Evolving with Reasoning Memorycited by 284
- 2024TextGrad: Automatic "Differentiation" via Textcited by 273
14 more
- 2025From RAG to Memory: Non-Parametric Continual Learning for Large Language Modelscited by 231
- 2024DS-Agent: Automated Data Science by Empowering Large Language Models with Case-Based Reasoningcited by 125
- 2025Agent KB: Leveraging Cross-Domain Experience for Agentic Problem Solvingcited by 94
- 2026Organizing, Orchestrating, and Benchmarking Agent Skills at Ecosystem Scalecited by 72
- 2026Memento-Skills: Let Agents Design Agentscited by 62
- 2026SkillNet: Create, Evaluate, and Connect AI Skillscited by 53
- 2025UTBoost: Rigorous Evaluation of Coding Agents on SWE-Benchcited by 45
- 2025Feedback Descent: Open-Ended Text Optimization via Pairwise Comparisoncited by 44
- 2025Flow: Modularized Agentic Workflow Automationcited by 34
- 2025Optimas: Optimizing Compound AI Systems with Globally Aligned Local Rewardscited by 24
- 2025SWE-Bench-CL: Continual Learning for Coding Agentscited by 14
- 2026Synthetic Sandbox for Training Machine Learning Engineering Agentscited by 11
- 2026SWE-Next: Scalable Real-World Software Engineering Tasks for Agentscited by 9
- 2025Synthesizing Agentic Data for Web Agents with Progressive Difficulty Enhancement Mechanismscited by 4
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2026: 1.
1 paper.
- 2026Collaborative Learning and Reasoning over Model Slicescited by 0
- 2026Collaborative Learning and Reasoning over Model Slices9 Oct 2026
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2026Co-evolving Agent Architectures and Interpretable Reasoning for Automated Optimization
- 2026Learning to Evolve: A Self-Improving Framework for Multi-Agent Systems via Textual Parameter Graph Optimization
- 2026SKILLFOUNDRY: Building Self-Evolving Agent Skill Libraries from Heterogeneous Scientific Resources
- 2026Certified Long-Horizon Code Agent Evolution via Validation-Gated Skill Optimization
- 2026EvoAgentBench: Benchmarking Agent Self-Evolution via Ability Transfer
- 2026EvolveNet: Collaborative Harness Evolution for Agent Self-Improvement
- 2026Learning to Choose: An Empowerment-Guided Multi-Agent System with semantic communication for Adaptive Method Selection
- 2026Towards AGI A Pragmatic Approach Towards Self Evolving Agent