mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Tokenizer-Agnostic Engram Module

arXiv 2607.29065 ↗First posted 31 Jul 2026cs.CLcited by 1

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Abstract (arXiv)

Deepseek's Engram, a conditional memory module, was introduced to trade-off storage versus reasoning in large language models. However, the module relies on token-level N-gram hashing for Engram embedding lookup, introducing a tight coupling to the tokenizer used: a model with a different tokenizer would have to train its own Engram embeddings from scratch. To improve the reusability of Engram embeddings, we propose a change to the hashing routine, enabling compatibility between Engram models using different tokenizers. Instead of modelling disjoint N-gram spaces, we treat N-gram as a method to sample potentially useful byte sequences, from all possible byte sequences across tokens. We replace the XOR-based hashing with the general polynomial hashing with a joint embedding space across N. This work investigates the possible trade-offs and shows that this simple substitution produces comparable performance and achieves tokenizer-agnosticism: hash equivalence for byte-equivalent token sequences.

Key facts. Cited by 1 paper in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 20 of its 36 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 31 Jul 2026.

Builds on

20 of 36 references.

References · 20

  1. 2017Attention Is All You Needcited by 59,932
  2. 2018Think you have Solved Question Answering? Try ARC, the AI2 Reasoning Challengecited by 4,710
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  11. 2018Subword Regularization: Improving Neural Network Translation Models with Multiple Subword Candidatescited by 632
  12. 2024Gated Delta Networks: Improving Mamba2 with Delta Rulecited by 483
8 more
  1. 2024Infini-gram: Scaling Unbounded n-gram Language Models to a Trillion Tokenscited by 148
  2. 2025SuperBPE: Space Travel for Language Modelscited by 58
  3. 2017Hash Embeddings for Efficient Word Representationscited by 54
  4. 2025Boundless Byte Pair Encoding: Breaking the Pre-tokenization Barriercited by 31
  5. 2024Evaluating n-Gram Novelty of Language Models Using Rusty-DAWGcited by 24
  6. 2024Understanding Transformers via N-gram Statisticscited by 23
  7. 2024Zyda-2: a 5 Trillion Token High-Quality Datasetcited by 12
  8. 2026Lngram: N-gram Conditional Memory in Latent Spacecited by 3

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2026: 1.

1 paper.

Similar, not cited

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  1. 2026Byte Language Models: Scaling, Emergent Abstractions, and Information Allocation
  2. 2025Binary BPE: A Family of Cross-Platform Tokenizers for Binary Analysis
  3. 2025Back to Bytes: Revisiting Tokenization Through UTF-8
  4. 2026Does Engram Do Memory Retrieval in Autoregressive Image Generation?
  5. 2025Cramming 1568 Tokens into a Single Vector and Back Again: Exploring the Limits of Embedding Space Capacity
  6. 2026EngramEdit: Decoupled Knowledge Updates in LLMs through Conditional Memory
  7. 2026TF-Engram: A Train-Free Engram with SSD-Backed Memory for Large Language Models
  8. 2024HashEvict: A Pre-Attention KV Cache Eviction Strategy using Locality-Sensitive Hashing