When AI Says "I have been in similar situations": Synthetic Lived Experience in Peer-Like Caregiver Support
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
Caregivers often turn to online communities for informational and emotional support. In these spaces, peer supporters frequently draw on personal narratives to respond to emotionally complex caregiving situations. As LLMs are increasingly designed as peer-like sources of support, they introduce a critical tension: AI can provide immediate, private, and nonjudgmental support, but it cannot authentically possess the lived experiences that make human peer support meaningful. Yet, when prompted to sound peer-like, LLMs may generate language that implies lived experience. This creates a synthetic lived experience paradox: the same experiential language that may make AI support feel warm, relatable, and peer-like can also falsely position the system as someone with lived experience. We examine this paradox in the context of family caregivers of people living with Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias (ADRD). Drawing on caregiver support exchanges from online communities and prompted peer-like responses from three LLMs -- LLaMA, GPT-4o-mini, and MedGemma -- we analyze how human peers use personal narratives and how AI incorporates similar narrative forms. Psycholinguistic analysis shows that peer responses used significantly more first-person and past-focused language than peer-like AI responses. Qualitatively, we identify seven types of personal narratives in human peer support and show that AI often captures their emotional work, but can fabricate experiential grounding. These findings reveal a narrative authenticity gap: peer-like AI can generate synthetic lived experience without the real experience that makes peer support meaningful. We argue that caregiver-support AI systems need mechanisms to distinguish supportive peer-like framing from fabricated lived experience, ensuring that models can offer warmth and validation without falsely positioning themselves as experiential peers.
Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 22 of its 104 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 16 Jun 2026.
Builds on
22 of 104 references.
References · 22
- 2022Talking About Large Language Modelscited by 175
- 2023SoulChat: Improving LLMs' Empathy, Listening, and Comfort Abilities through Fine-tuning with Multi-turn Empathy Conversationscited by 110
- 2024The Ethics of Advanced AI Assistantscited by 107
- 2022Human-AI Collaboration Enables More Empathic Conversations in Text-based Peer-to-Peer Mental Health Supportcited by 68
- 2024The Dark Side of AI Companionship: A Taxonomy of Harmful Algorithmic Behaviors in Human-AI Relationshipscited by 62
- 2023Benefits and Harms of Large Language Models in Digital Mental Healthcited by 40
- 2024SLM-Mod: Small Language Models Surpass LLMs at Content Moderationcited by 27
- 2025Customizing Emotional Support: How Do Individuals Construct and Interact With LLM-Powered Chatbotscited by 25
- 2024The Typing Cure: Experiences with Large Language Model Chatbots for Mental Health Supportcited by 24
- 2025Neural steering vectors reveal dose and exposure-dependent impacts of human-AI relationshipscited by 21
- 2025A Taxonomy of Linguistic Expressions That Contribute To Anthropomorphism of Language Technologiescited by 14
- 2025MoMoE: Mixture of Moderation Experts Framework for AI-Assisted Online Governancecited by 13
10 more
- 2024AI on My Shoulder: Supporting Emotional Labor in Front-Office Roles with an LLM-based Empathetic Coworkercited by 11
- 2025AI Automatons: AI Systems Intended to Imitate Humanscited by 10
- 2026RubRIX: Rubric-Driven Risk Mitigation in Caregiver-AI Interactionscited by 10
- 2025Mental Health Impacts of AI Companions: Triangulating Social Media Quasi-Experiments, User Perspectives, and Relational Theorycited by 9
- 2025Balancing Caregiving and Self-Care: Exploring Mental Health Needs of Alzheimer's and Dementia Caregiverscited by 7
- 2023Toward Artificial Empathy for Human-Centered Design: A Frameworkcited by 6
- 2020Patterns of Patient and Caregiver Mutual Support Connections in an Online Health Communitycited by 4
- 2026Inform, Coach, Relate, Listen: Auditing LLM Caregiving Support Rolescited by 2
- 2024A Risk Taxonomy and Reflection Tool for Large Language Model Adoption in Public Healthcited by 1
- 2026The AI Amplifier Effect: Defining Human-AI Intimacy and Romantic Relationships with Conversational AIcited by 1
Built on by
Not cited yet.