Where Does the Answer Come From? Benchmarking View-Level Visual Evidence Identification in Multi-View MLLMs for Autonomous Driving
On the map: LLM reasoning → Multimodal reasoning
also in 2 more
Abstract (arXiv)
Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) achieve strong results on visual reasoning benchmarks, but answer accuracy alone does not indicate whether a model relied on the correct visual evidence. This gap is particularly important in multi-view driving scenes used for autonomous driving, where a model can produce a plausible answer while grounding it in the wrong camera view. We introduce a multi-view visual question answering benchmark for evaluating evidence-source identification: given six synchronized NuScenes views and a question, the model must identify the supporting camera view and answer the question. The benchmark contains 122 conflict-centric question-answer pairs from 73 scenes, spanning causality, counterfactual reasoning, and intent prediction. View labels are proposed by an automatic conflict-mining pipeline and manually verified by annotators. We evaluate three settings: camera-view selection, oracle QA given the golden view, and joint prediction in which the model selects a view and answers in one pass. Answers are evaluated in both multiple-choice and free-form formats, using exact match for structured predictions and an LLM judge for free-form responses. By explicitly separating visual-source identification from answer correctness, the benchmark exposes grounding failures that answer-only evaluation misses.
Key facts. Cited by 6 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Multimodal reasoning, one of 17 directions in LLM reasoning. Builds on 14 of its 19 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 8 Jun 2026.
Builds on
14 of 19 references.
Closest ancestors · 2
Same direction, newest first
- 2024Benchmarking Multi-Image Understanding in Vision and Language Models: Perception, Knowledge, Reasoning, and Multi-Hop Reasoning18 Jun
- 2023MMBench: Is Your Multi-modal Model an All-around Player?12 Jul
Other references · 12
- 2023Judging LLM-as-a-Judge with MT-Bench and Chatbot Arenacited by 8,393
- 2019nuScenes: A multimodal dataset for autonomous drivingcited by 4,485
- 2023Improved Baselines with Visual Instruction Tuningcited by 4,362
- 2019Scalability in Perception for Autonomous Driving: Waymo Open Datasetcited by 2,436
- 2023G-Eval: NLG Evaluation using GPT-4 with Better Human Alignmentcited by 2,205
- 2023Qwen-VL: A Versatile Vision-Language Model for Understanding, Localization, Text Reading, and Beyondcited by 2,179
- 2018VizWiz Grand Challenge: Answering Visual Questions from Blind Peoplecited by 852
- 2023A Survey on Multimodal Large Language Models for Autonomous Drivingcited by 288
- 2023NuScenes-QA: A Multi-modal Visual Question Answering Benchmark for Autonomous Driving Scenariocited by 258
- 2023LingoQA: Visual Question Answering for Autonomous Drivingcited by 144
- 2023Vision Language Models in Autonomous Driving: A Survey and Outlookcited by 124
- 2025NuGrounding: A Multi-View 3D Visual Grounding Framework in Autonomous Drivingcited by 12
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2026: 6.
6 papers.
- 2026LitTraceQA: A Benchmark for Multi-Stage Grounding and Verification in Scientific Question Answeringcited by 4
- 2026I Don't Miss You, but I Do: Self-Explanation Faithfulness of Modality Missingness in Vision-Language Modelscited by 0
- 2026EviScope: Paired Counterfactual Evidence Diagnostics for Faithful and Efficient Grounded Language Modelscited by 0
- 2026PageRecall: Measuring Page Selection in Literature-Grounded Question Answeringcited by 0
- 2026TRACE: Target-Aware Retrieval, Attributed Evidence, and Contract-Constrained Extraction for LitTraceQAcited by 0
- 2026GroundSight at GroundLM 2026 Shared Tasks: GoldenViewVQAcited by 0
- 2026GroundSight at GroundLM 2026 Shared Tasks: GoldenViewVQA8 Oct 2026
- 2026TRACE: Target-Aware Retrieval, Attributed Evidence, and Contract-Constrained Extraction for LitTraceQA30 Sep 2026
- 2026PageRecall: Measuring Page Selection in Literature-Grounded Question Answering16 Sep 2026
- 2026EviScope: Paired Counterfactual Evidence Diagnostics for Faithful and Efficient Grounded Language Models15 Sep 2026
- 2026I Don't Miss You, but I Do: Self-Explanation Faithfulness of Modality Missingness in Vision-Language Models7 Sep 2026
- 2026LitTraceQA: A Benchmark for Multi-Stage Grounding and Verification in Scientific Question Answering7 Aug 2026
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2025WaymoQA: A Multi-View Visual Question Answering Dataset for Safety-Critical Reasoning in Autonomous Driving
- 2025DriveLMM-o1: A Step-by-Step Reasoning Dataset and Large Multimodal Model for Driving Scenario Understanding
- 2026Look Where It Counts: A Free, Label-Free Visual Evidence Signal for Fine-Grained Vision-Language Reasoning
- 2026Answer with Evidence: Consistency-Aware Grounded Visual Question Answering for Roadside Traffic Scenes
- 2026Beyond Scene Priors: Fine-Grained Traffic Scene Reasoning with Benchmarking and Query-Guided Small-Object Focus
- 2025Are VLMs Ready for Autonomous Driving? An Empirical Study from the Reliability, Data, and Metric Perspectives
- 2025NuPlanQA: A Large-Scale Dataset and Benchmark for Multi-View Driving Scene Understanding in Multi-Modal Large Language Models
- 2026Reducing Text Bias in Synthetically Generated MCQAs for VLMs in Autonomous Driving