mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

EchoRL: Reinforcement Learning via Rollout Echoing

arXiv 2605.31228 ↗First posted 29 May 2026cs.LG cs.AIcited by 3

On the map: LLM reasoning → Reinforcement learning for reasoning

Abstract (arXiv)

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards is an effective route for post-training to strengthen the reasoning capability of large language models. However, as training proceeds, the learning signal can collapse thus makes the training gain become marginal and ineffective. Specifically, a growing fraction of prompts' rollouts become advantage-degenerated: all the self-generated rollouts show verified-success, making the standard deviation over their rewards be zero; accordingly each rollout's advantage becomes degenerated (zero) as well. Given such rollouts' advantages, the policy-gradient for model optimization eventually vanishes, capping the training performance. We argue that some of these rollouts still contain valuable learning signals but unfortunately omitted with the existing RLVR methods. In this paper, inspired through analyzing the entropy pattern behind golden trajectories produced by external expert models, we propose EchoRL for better exploiting the advantage-degenerated rollouts to further improve the training performance. EchoRL is a lightweight module that first identifies an EchoClip from verified-success rollouts based on their step-level entropy values, and then feeds this clip back as an auxiliary supervision signal in the RL objective. Extensive experiments across 10 benchmarks, 5 LLM backbones, and 4 popular RLVR post-training methods demonstrate that EchoRL consistently improves RLVR post-training with minimal overhead.

Key facts. Cited by 3 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Reinforcement learning for reasoning, one of 17 directions in LLM reasoning. Builds on 46 of its 63 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 29 May 2026.

Builds on

46 of 63 references.

Closest ancestors · 15

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2025Reinforce-Ada: An Adaptive Sampling Framework under Non-linear RL Objectives6 Oct
  2. 2025Staying in the Sweet Spot: Responsive Reasoning Evolution via Capability-Adaptive Hint Scaffolding8 Sep
  3. 2025Loong: Synthesize Long Chain-of-Thoughts at Scale through Verifiers3 Sep
  4. 2025SRFT: A Single-Stage Method with Supervised and Reinforcement Fine-Tuning for Reasoning24 Jun
  5. 2025Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards Implicitly Incentivizes Correct Reasoning in Base LLMs17 Jun
  6. 2025Learning What Reinforcement Learning Can't: Interleaved Online Fine-Tuning for Hardest Questions9 Jun
  7. 2025Beyond the 80/20 Rule: High-Entropy Minority Tokens Drive Effective Reinforcement Learning for LLM Reasoning2 Jun
  8. 2025UFT: Unifying Supervised and Reinforcement Fine-Tuning22 May
  9. 2025Learning to Reason under Off-Policy Guidance21 Apr
  10. 2025A Minimalist Approach to LLM Reasoning: from Rejection Sampling to Reinforce15 Apr
  11. 2025Open-Reasoner-Zero: An Open Source Approach to Scaling Up Reinforcement Learning on the Base Model31 Mar
  12. 2025SimpleRL-Zoo: Investigating and Taming Zero Reinforcement Learning for Open Base Models in the Wild24 Mar
3 more
  1. 2025DAPO: An Open-Source LLM Reinforcement Learning System at Scale18 Mar
  2. 2025Process Reinforcement through Implicit Rewards3 Feb
  3. 2017Proximal Policy Optimization Algorithms20 Jul

Other references · 31

  1. 2024DeepSeekMath: Pushing the Limits of Mathematical Reasoning in Open Language Modelscited by 8,851
  2. 2021Measuring Mathematical Problem Solving With the MATH Datasetcited by 5,203
  3. 2018Think you have Solved Question Answering? Try ARC, the AI2 Reasoning Challengecited by 4,710
  4. 2023GPQA: A Graduate-Level Google-Proof Q&A Benchmarkcited by 2,748
  5. 2015Trust Region Policy Optimizationcited by 2,503
  6. 2024MMLU-Pro: A More Robust and Challenging Multi-Task Language Understanding Benchmarkcited by 1,758
  7. 2022Solving Quantitative Reasoning Problems with Language Modelscited by 1,359
  8. 2024OlympiadBench: A Challenging Benchmark for Promoting AGI with Olympiad-Level Bilingual Multimodal Scientific Problemscited by 1,099
  9. 2021Inter-GPS: Interpretable Geometry Problem Solving with Formal Language and Symbolic Reasoningcited by 376
  10. 2025Memory-R1: Enhancing Large Language Model Agents to Manage and Utilize Memories via Reinforcement Learningcited by 220
  11. 2020Unsupervised Quality Estimation for Neural Machine Translationcited by 210
  12. 2024ConU: Conformal Uncertainty in Large Language Models with Correctness Coverage Guaranteescited by 62
19 more
  1. 2024LLaVA Steering: Visual Instruction Tuning with 500x Fewer Parameters through Modality Linear Representation-Steeringcited by 50
  2. 2025CoT-Kinetics: A Theoretical Modeling Assessing LRM Reasoning Processcited by 50
  3. 2026ReTrack: Evidence-Driven Dual-Stream Directional Anchor Calibration Network for Composed Video Retrievalcited by 39
  4. 2025ASCD: Attention-Steerable Contrastive Decoding for Reducing Hallucination in MLLMcited by 36
  5. 2025Backdoor Cleaning without External Guidance in MLLM Fine-tuningcited by 34
  6. 2025AutoReproduce: Automatic AI Experiment Reproduction with Paper Lineagecited by 29
  7. 2026HABIT: Chrono-Synergia Robust Progressive Learning Framework for Composed Image Retrievalcited by 24
  8. 2025Kardia-R1: Unleashing LLMs to Reason toward Understanding and Empathy for Emotional Support via Rubric-as-Judge Reinforcement Learningcited by 22
  9. 2023SPOT! Revisiting Video-Language Models for Event Understandingcited by 20
  10. 2025COIN: Uncertainty-Guarding Selective Question Answering for Foundation Models with Provable Risk Guaranteescited by 20
  11. 2025VinciCoder: Unifying Multimodal Code Generation via Coarse-to-fine Visual Reinforcement Learningcited by 18
  12. 2024FedBiP: Heterogeneous One-Shot Federated Learning with Personalized Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 16
  13. 2025ARES: Multimodal Adaptive Reasoning via Difficulty-Aware Token-Level Entropy Shapingcited by 16
  14. 2026Graph is a Substrate Across Data Modalitiescited by 13
  15. 2025Can Visual Input Be Compressed? A Visual Token Compression Benchmark for Large Multimodal Modelscited by 11
  16. 2025Beyond Magic Words: Sharpness-Aware Prompt Evolving for Robust Large Language Models with TAREcited by 9
  17. 2025AlignSAE: Concept-Aligned Sparse Autoencoderscited by 4
  18. 2026How Do Decoder-Only LLMs Perceive Users? Rethinking Attention Masking for User Representation Learningcited by 3
  19. 2026Query as Anchor: Scenario-Adaptive User Representation via Large Language Modelcited by 1

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2026: 3.

3 papers.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2026ECHO-2: A Large-Scale Distributed Rollout Framework for Cost-Efficient Reinforcement Learning
  2. 2026Generate, Filter, Control, Replay: A Comprehensive Survey of Rollout Strategies for LLM Reinforcement Learning
  3. 2026Contextual Rollout Bandits for Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards
  4. 2026Rollout Efficiency in Reinforcement Learning for Reasoning Large Language Models: A Taxonomy and Future Directions
  5. 2025RollPacker: Mitigating Long-Tail Rollouts for Fast, Synchronous RL Post-Training
  6. 2025SPEC-RL: Accelerating On-Policy Reinforcement Learning with Speculative Rollouts
  7. 2026Spend Your Rollouts Where It Counts: Rollout Allocation for Group-Based RL Post-Training
  8. 2025BroRL: Scaling Reinforcement Learning via Broadened Exploration