Muninn: Your Trajectory Diffusion Model But Faster
On the map: Diffusion models → Diffusion and flow policies for robotics
Abstract (arXiv)
Diffusion-based trajectory planners can synthesize rich, multimodal robot motions, but their iterative denoising makes online planning and control prohibitively slow. Existing accelerations either modify the sampler or compress the network--sacrificing plan quality or requiring retraining without accounting for downstream control risk. We address the problem of making diffusion-based trajectory planners fast enough for real-time robot use without retraining the model or sacrificing trajectory quality, and in a way that works across diverse state-space diffusion architectures. Our key insight is that diffusion trajectory planners expose two signals we can exploit: a cheap probe of how their internal trajectory representation changes across steps, and analytic coefficients that describe how denoiser errors affect the sampler's state update. By calibrating the first signal against the second on offline runs, we obtain a per-step score that upper-bounds how far the final trajectory can deviate when we reuse a cached denoiser output, and we treat this bound as an uncertainty budget that we can spend over the denoising process. Building on this insight, we present Muninn, a training-free caching wrapper that tracks this uncertainty budget during sampling and, at each diffusion step, chooses between reusing a cached denoiser output when the predicted deviation is small and recomputing the denoiser when it is not. Across standard benchmarks Muninn delivers up to 4.6x wall-clock speedups across several trajectory diffusion models by reducing denoiser evaluations, while preserving task performance and safety metrics. Muninn further certifies that cached rollouts remain within a specified distance of their full-compute counterparts, and we validate these gains in real-time closed-loop navigation and manipulation hardware deployments. Project page: https://github.com/gokulp01/Muninn.
Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Diffusion and flow policies for robotics, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 58 of its 74 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 11 May 2026.
Builds on
58 of 74 references.
Closest ancestors · 22
Same direction, newest first
- 2025Tree-Guided Diffusion Planner29 Aug
- 2025On-Device Diffusion Transformer Policy for Efficient Robot Manipulation1 Aug
- 2025Diffusion Models for Robotic Manipulation: A Survey11 Apr
- 2025Generative Trajectory Stitching through Diffusion Composition7 Mar
- 2025What Makes a Good Diffusion Planner for Decision Making?1 Mar
- 2024One-Step Diffusion Policy: Fast Visuomotor Policies via Diffusion Distillation28 Oct
- 2024Multi-Robot Motion Planning with Diffusion Models4 Oct
- 2024PRESTO: Fast Motion Planning Using Diffusion Models Based on Key-Configuration Environment Representation24 Sep
- 2024Diffusion Models as Optimizers for Efficient Planning in Offline RL23 Jul
- 2024Model-Based Diffusion for Trajectory Optimization28 May
- 2024Consistency Policy: Accelerated Visuomotor Policies via Consistency Distillation13 May
- 20243D Diffusion Policy: Generalizable Visuomotor Policy Learning via Simple 3D Representations6 Mar
10 more
- 2023Diffusion Models for Reinforcement Learning: A Survey2 Nov
- 2023EDMP: Ensemble-of-costs-guided Diffusion for Motion Planning20 Sep
- 2023Motion Planning Diffusion: Learning and Planning of Robot Motions with Diffusion Models3 Aug
- 2023MADiff: Offline Multi-agent Learning with Diffusion Models27 May
- 2023Training Diffusion Models with Reinforcement Learning22 May
- 2023Diffusion Policy: Visuomotor Policy Learning via Action Diffusion7 Mar
- 2023AdaptDiffuser: Diffusion Models as Adaptive Self-evolving Planners3 Feb
- 2023Diffusion-based Generation, Optimization, and Planning in 3D Scenes15 Jan
- 2022Is Conditional Generative Modeling all you need for Decision-Making?28 Nov
- 2022Diffusion Policies as an Expressive Policy Class for Offline Reinforcement Learning12 Aug
Other references · 36
- 2020Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 20,851
- 2021High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 18,694
- 2020Denoising Diffusion Implicit Modelscited by 9,655
- 2020Score-Based Generative Modeling through Stochastic Differential Equationscited by 8,964
- 2022Classifier-Free Diffusion Guidancecited by 5,717
- 2022Elucidating the Design Space of Diffusion-Based Generative Modelscited by 2,994
- 2022DPM-Solver: A Fast ODE Solver for Diffusion Probabilistic Model Sampling in Around 10 Stepscited by 1,961
- 2023Consistency Modelscited by 1,778
- 2020D4RL: Datasets for Deep Data-Driven Reinforcement Learningcited by 1,406
- 2019Meta-World: A Benchmark and Evaluation for Multi-Task and Meta Reinforcement Learningcited by 1,168
- 2021Cascaded Diffusion Models for High Fidelity Image Generationcited by 1,155
- 2022Planning with Diffusion for Flexible Behavior Synthesiscited by 1,023
24 more
- 2023One-step Diffusion with Distribution Matching Distillationcited by 978
- 2022On Distillation of Guided Diffusion Modelscited by 721
- 2018Social GAN: Socially Acceptable Trajectories with Generative Adversarial Networkscited by 687
- 2019RLBench: The Robot Learning Benchmark & Learning Environmentcited by 669
- 2017BranchyNet: Fast Inference via Early Exiting from Deep Neural Networkscited by 591
- 2016Adaptive Computation Time for Recurrent Neural Networkscited by 479
- 2017End-to-end Driving via Conditional Imitation Learningcited by 479
- 2023DeepCache: Accelerating Diffusion Models for Freecited by 346
- 2017SkipNet: Learning Dynamic Routing in Convolutional Networkscited by 328
- 2017DESIRE: Distant Future Prediction in Dynamic Scenes with Interacting Agentscited by 310
- 2020FastBERT: a Self-distilling BERT with Adaptive Inference Timecited by 224
- 2023Token Merging for Fast Stable Diffusioncited by 220
- 2025dKV-Cache: The Cache for Diffusion Language Modelscited by 140
- 2024Learning-to-Cache: Accelerating Diffusion Transformer via Layer Cachingcited by 138
- 2024FasterCache: Training-Free Video Diffusion Model Acceleration with High Qualitycited by 115
- 2022Accelerating Diffusion Models via Early Stop of the Diffusion Processcited by 100
- 2023AutoDiffusion: Training-Free Optimization of Time Steps and Architectures for Automated Diffusion Model Accelerationcited by 70
- 2024EM Distillation for One-step Diffusion Modelscited by 60
- 2024Potential Based Diffusion Motion Planningcited by 40
- 2025DiCache: Let Diffusion Model Determine Its Own Cachecited by 34
- 2021FloMo: Tractable Motion Prediction with Normalizing Flowscited by 21
- 2024A Simple Early Exiting Framework for Accelerated Sampling in Diffusion Modelscited by 13
- 2024Fast and Memory-Efficient Video Diffusion Using Streamlined Inferencecited by 13
- 2025Belief-Conditioned One-Step Diffusion: Real-Time Trajectory Planning with Just-Enough Sensingcited by 1
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- 2025DDAT: Diffusion Policies Enforcing Dynamically Admissible Robot Trajectories
- 2026Diffusion ReRoll: Revisable Denoising for Robotic Sequential Prediction
- 2026Dynamic Neural Koopman Distillation for Real-Time Robot Control Using Diffusion Models
- 2024Motion Planning Diffusion: Learning and Adapting Robot Motion Planning with Diffusion Models
- 2024Denoising Diffusion Planner: Learning Complex Paths from Low-Quality Demonstrations