Visual Latents Know More Than They Say: Unsilencing Latent Reasoning in MLLMs
On the map: LLM reasoning → Multimodal reasoning
Abstract (arXiv)
Continuous latent-space reasoning offers a compact alternative to textual chain-of-thought for multimodal models, enabling high-dimensional visual evidence to be integrated without explicit reasoning tokens. However, we identify a previously overlooked optimization pathology in existing latent visual reasoning methods: although visual latents become semantically enriched during training, their contribution to final answer prediction is systematically suppressed. Within the shared parameter space, the autoregressive objective favors shortcut reliance on direct visual input, driving latent tokens toward transition-like states rather than informative reasoning content. We term this phenomenon Silenced Visual Latents. To address it, we disentangle the two conflicting objectives by directly optimizing the latent reasoning at inference time, keeping backbone parameters frozen. In Stage I, visual latents are warmed up via query-guided contrastive latent--visual alignment, improving semantic quality while preventing latent collapse. In Stage II, the latent reasoning is further optimized via a confidence-progression reward, which incentivizes predicted token distributions along the latent span to become progressively more concentrated, routing predictions through the latent reasoning rather than bypassing it. Experiments across eight benchmarks and four model backbones show that inference-time latent optimization, without any parameter updates, effectively unleashes the suppressed reasoning capacity of visual latents.
Key facts. Cited by 6 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Multimodal reasoning, one of 17 directions in LLM reasoning. Builds on 40 of its 42 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 4 May 2026.
Builds on
40 of 42 references.
Closest ancestors · 18
Same direction, newest first
- 2025Reasoning Within the Mind: Dynamic Multimodal Interleaving in Latent Space14 Dec
- 2025MM-CoT:A Benchmark for Probing Visual Chain-of-Thought Reasoning in Multimodal Models9 Dec
- 2025Monet: Reasoning in Latent Visual Space Beyond Images and Language26 Nov
- 2025Chain-of-Visual-Thought: Teaching VLMs to See and Think Better with Continuous Visual Tokens24 Nov
- 2025LaRe: Latent Refocusing for Multimodal Reasoning4 Nov
- 2025Latent Visual Reasoning29 Sep
- 2025Machine Mental Imagery: Empower Multimodal Reasoning with Latent Visual Tokens20 Jun
- 2025UniVG-R1: Reasoning Guided Universal Visual Grounding with Reinforcement Learning20 May
- 2025SFT or RL? An Early Investigation into Training R1-Like Reasoning Large Vision-Language Models10 Apr
- 2025Multimodal Chain-of-Thought Reasoning: A Comprehensive Survey16 Mar
- 2025R1-Onevision: Advancing Generalized Multimodal Reasoning through Cross-Modal Formalization13 Mar
- 2025ReFocus: Visual Editing as a Chain of Thought for Structured Image Understanding9 Jan
6 more
- 2024Visual Sketchpad: Sketching as a Visual Chain of Thought for Multimodal Language Models13 Jun
- 2024Image-of-Thought Prompting for Visual Reasoning Refinement in Multimodal Large Language Models22 May
- 2024Visual CoT: Advancing Multi-Modal Language Models with a Comprehensive Dataset and Benchmark for Chain-of-Thought Reasoning25 Mar
- 2023Compositional Chain-of-Thought Prompting for Large Multimodal Models27 Nov
- 2023MathVista: Evaluating Mathematical Reasoning of Foundation Models in Visual Contexts3 Oct
- 2022Learn to Explain: Multimodal Reasoning via Thought Chains for Science Question Answering20 Sep
Other references · 22
- 2022Chain-of-Thought Prompting Elicits Reasoning in Large Language Modelscited by 12,459
- 2023InternVL: Scaling up Vision Foundation Models and Aligning for Generic Visual-Linguistic Taskscited by 2,565
- 2024Are We on the Right Way for Evaluating Large Vision-Language Models?cited by 914
- 2023A Survey on Multimodal Large Language Modelscited by 909
- 2024Training Large Language Models to Reason in a Continuous Latent Spacecited by 797
- 2024BLINK: Multimodal Large Language Models Can See but Not Perceivecited by 550
- 2024Omni-MATH: A Universal Olympiad Level Mathematic Benchmark For Large Language Modelscited by 284
- 2025CODI: Compressing Chain-of-Thought into Continuous Space via Self-Distillationcited by 225
- 2024MLLM can see? Dynamic Correction Decoding for Hallucination Mitigationcited by 88
- 2025Think Silently, Think Fast: Dynamic Latent Compression of LLM Reasoning Chainscited by 85
- 2025A Survey on Latent Reasoningcited by 81
- 2024Mind's Eye of LLMs: Visualization-of-Thought Elicits Spatial Reasoning in Large Language Modelscited by 66
10 more
- 2025Think with 3D: Geometric Imagination Grounded Spatial Reasoning from Limited Viewscited by 65
- 2025DeepScientist: Advancing Frontier-Pushing Scientific Findings Progressivelycited by 63
- 2026Intern-S1-Pro: Scientific Multimodal Foundation Model at Trillion Scalecited by 29
- 2024Deliberation in Latent Space via Differentiable Cache Augmentationcited by 26
- 2025PromptCoT: Synthesizing Olympiad-level Problems for Mathematical Reasoning in Large Language Modelscited by 22
- 2025SwiReasoning: Switch-Thinking in Latent and Explicit for Pareto-Superior Reasoning LLMscited by 22
- 2025Mini-Omni-Reasoner: Token-Level Thinking-in-Speaking in Large Speech Modelscited by 21
- 2025Visual Position Prompt for MLLM based Visual Groundingcited by 16
- 2026Thinking in Uncertainty: Mitigating Hallucinations in MLRMs with Latent Entropy-Aware Decodingcited by 12
- 2025Image Tokens Matter: Mitigating Hallucination in Discrete Tokenizer-based Large Vision-Language Models via Latent Editingcited by 5
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2026: 6.
6 papers.
- 2026Beyond Visual Memory: Mechanistic Diagnostics of Latent Visual Reasoningcited by 5
- 2026OPLD: On-Policy Latent Distillation for Multimodal Reasoningcited by 0
- 2026Rethinking Latent Visual Reasoning: Grounding Latent Reasoning in Visual Evidencecited by 0
- 2026WM-VLM: Probing Internal World Models for Interleaved Visual-Textual Reasoningcited by 0
- 2026ReMAP: Restoring the Perceptual Cycle with Reasoning-Time Latent Visual Memorycited by 0
- 2026Omni-Modal LLMs Know More Than They Saycited by 0
- 2026Omni-Modal LLMs Know More Than They Say12 Oct 2026
- 2026ReMAP: Restoring the Perceptual Cycle with Reasoning-Time Latent Visual Memory4 Oct 2026
- 2026WM-VLM: Probing Internal World Models for Interleaved Visual-Textual Reasoning28 Sep 2026
- 2026Rethinking Latent Visual Reasoning: Grounding Latent Reasoning in Visual Evidence28 Sep 2026
- 2026OPLD: On-Policy Latent Distillation for Multimodal Reasoning30 Jul 2026
- 2026Beyond Visual Memory: Mechanistic Diagnostics of Latent Visual Reasoning31 May 2026
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2026Leveraging Latent Visual Reasoning in Silence
- 2026Retrieve, Integrate, and Synthesize: Spatial-Semantic Grounded Latent Visual Reasoning
- 2026SLVR: Structured Latent Visual Reasoning via Human-like Reasoning Flows
- 2026Fill the GAP: A Granular Alignment Paradigm for Visual Reasoning in Multimodal Large Language Models
- 2026Decompose, Look, and Reason: Reinforced Latent Reasoning for VLMs
- 2026What's Holding Back Latent Visual Reasoning?
- 2026Semantic-Enriched Latent Visual Reasoning
- 2026Self-Consistent Latent Reasoning: Long Latent Sequence Reasoning for Vision-Language Model