mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

CHAIRO: Contextual Hierarchical Analogical Induction and Reasoning Optimization for LLMs

arXiv 2604.10502 ↗First posted 12 Apr 2026cs.AIcited by 0

On the map: LLM reasoning → Reasoning benchmarks and evaluation

Abstract (arXiv)

Content moderation in online platforms faces persistent challenges due to the evolving complexity of user-generated content and the limitations of traditional rule-based and machine learning approaches. While recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have enabled more sophisticated moderation via direct prompting or fine-tuning, these approaches often exhibit limited generalization, interpretability, and adaptability to unseen or ambiguous cases. In this work, we propose a novel moderation framework that leverages analogical examples to enhance rule induction and decision reliability. Our approach integrates end-to-end optimization of analogical retrieval, rule generation, and moderation classification, enabling the dynamic adaptation of moderation rules to diverse content scenarios. Through comprehensive experiments, we demonstrate that our method significantly outperforms both rule-injected fine-tuning baselines and multi-stage static RAG pipelines in terms of moderation accuracy and rule quality. Further evaluations, including human assessments and external model generalization tests, confirm that our framework produces rules with better clarity, interpretability, and applicability. These findings show that analogical example-driven methods can advance robust, explainable, and generalizable content moderation in real-world applications.

Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Reasoning benchmarks and evaluation, one of 17 directions in LLM reasoning. Builds on 34 of its 39 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 12 Apr 2026.

Builds on

34 of 39 references.

Closest ancestors · 3

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2025Qwen3 Technical Report14 May
  2. 2025Policy-as-Prompt: Rethinking Content Moderation in the Age of Large Language Models25 Feb
  3. 2023Moderating New Waves of Online Hate with Chain-of-Thought Reasoning in Large Language Models22 Dec

Other references · 31

  1. 2018BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understandingcited by 40,399
  2. 2020Language Models are Few-Shot Learnerscited by 32,419
  3. 2022Training language models to follow instructions with human feedbackcited by 15,971
  4. 2023Direct Preference Optimization: Your Language Model is Secretly a Reward Modelcited by 8,065
  5. 2019The Curious Case of Neural Text Degenerationcited by 2,916
  6. 2024LlamaFactory: Unified Efficient Fine-Tuning of 100+ Language Modelscited by 1,464
  7. 2019ZeRO: Memory Optimizations Toward Training Trillion Parameter Modelscited by 1,301
  8. 2023Llama Guard: LLM-based Input-Output Safeguard for Human-AI Conversationscited by 1,207
  9. 2018Hierarchical Neural Story Generationcited by 1,193
  10. 2017Mixed Precision Trainingcited by 1,156
  11. 2023NeMo Guardrails: A Toolkit for Controllable and Safe LLM Applications with Programmable Railscited by 365
  12. 2024ShieldGemma: Generative AI Content Moderation Based on Gemmacited by 243
19 more
  1. 2021MultiVerS: Improving scientific claim verification with weak supervision and full-document contextcited by 143
  2. 2025GuardReasoner: Towards Reasoning-based LLM Safeguardscited by 100
  3. 2024RigorLLM: Resilient Guardrails for Large Language Models against Undesired Contentcited by 68
  4. 2024Content Moderation by LLM: From Accuracy to Legitimacycited by 30
  5. 2023Adapting Large Language Models for Content Moderation: Pitfalls in Data Engineering and Supervised Fine-tuningcited by 29
  6. 2024RAGAR, Your Falsehood Radar: RAG-Augmented Reasoning for Political Fact-Checking using Multimodal Large Language Modelscited by 27
  7. 2024SLM-Mod: Small Language Models Surpass LLMs at Content Moderationcited by 27
  8. 2024Hate Personified: Investigating the role of LLMs in content moderationcited by 25
  9. 2024NLP Systems That Can't Tell Use from Mention Censor Counterspeech, but Teaching the Distinction Helpscited by 20
  10. 2024MemeGuard: An LLM and VLM-based Framework for Advancing Content Moderation via Meme Interventioncited by 20
  11. 2024HiddenGuard: Fine-Grained Safe Generation with Specialized Representation Routercited by 16
  12. 2024Moderator: Moderating Text-to-Image Diffusion Models through Fine-grained Context-based Policiescited by 15
  13. 2024Legilimens: Practical and Unified Content Moderation for Large Language Model Servicescited by 13
  14. 2024Do LLMs Understand Ambiguity in Text? A Case Study in Open-world Question Answeringcited by 13
  15. 2024ICM-Assistant: Instruction-tuning Multimodal Large Language Models for Rule-based Explainable Image Content Moderationcited by 11
  16. 2023CPL-NoViD: Context-Aware Prompt-based Learning for Norm Violation Detection in Online Communitiescited by 7
  17. 2024DeMod: A Holistic Tool with Explainable Detection and Personalized Modification for Toxicity Censorshipcited by 7
  18. 2024HateCOT: An Explanation-Enhanced Dataset for Generalizable Offensive Speech Detection via Large Language Modelscited by 5
  19. 2024Class-RAG: Real-Time Content Moderation with Retrieval Augmented Generationcited by 5

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