StoryScope: Investigating idiosyncrasies in AI fiction
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
As AI-generated fiction becomes increasingly prevalent, questions of authorship and originality are becoming central to how written work is evaluated. While most existing work in this space focuses on identifying surface-level signatures of AI writing, we ask instead whether AI-generated stories can be distinguished from human ones without relying on stylistic signals, focusing on discourse-level narrative choices such as character agency and chronological discontinuity. We propose StoryScope, a pipeline that automatically induces a fine-grained, interpretable feature space of discourse-level narrative features across 10 dimensions. We apply StoryScope to a parallel corpus of 10,272 writing prompts, each written by a human author and five LLMs, yielding 61,608 stories, each ~5,000 words, and 304 extracted features per story. Narrative features alone achieve 93.2% macro-F1 for human vs. AI detection and 68.4% macro-F1 for six-way authorship attribution, retaining over 97% of the performance of models that include stylistic cues. A compact set of 30 core narrative features captures much of this signal: AI stories over-explain themes and favor tidy, single-track plots while human stories frame protagonist' choices as more morally ambiguous and have increased temporal complexity. Per-model fingerprint features enable six-way attribution: for example, Claude produces notably flat event escalation, GPT over-indexes on dream sequences, and Gemini defaults to external character description. We find that AI-generated stories cluster in a shared region of narrative space, while human-authored stories exhibit greater diversity. More broadly, these results suggest that differences in underlying narrative construction, not just writing style, can be used to separate human-written original works from AI-generated fiction.
Key facts. Cited by 9 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 46 of its 72 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 3 Apr 2026.
Builds on
46 of 72 references.
References · 46
- 2020Language Models are Few-Shot Learnerscited by 32,199
- 2017A Unified Approach to Interpreting Model Predictionscited by 6,488
- 2016XGBoost: A Scalable Tree Boosting Systemcited by 5,120
- 2025DeepSeek-V3.2: Pushing the Frontier of Open Large Language Modelscited by 755
- 2024Smarter, Better, Faster, Longer: A Modern Bidirectional Encoder for Fast, Memory Efficient, and Long Context Finetuning and Inferencecited by 527
- 2023Fast-DetectGPT: Efficient Zero-Shot Detection of Machine-Generated Text via Conditional Probability Curvaturecited by 278
- 2024Spotting LLMs With Binoculars: Zero-Shot Detection of Machine-Generated Textcited by 255
- 2023Art or Artifice? Large Language Models and the False Promise of Creativitycited by 168
- 2023Generative artificial intelligence enhances creativity but reduces the diversity of novel contentcited by 165
- 2023Self-Alignment with Instruction Backtranslationcited by 149
- 2025Artificial Hivemind: The Open-Ended Homogeneity of Language Models (and Beyond)cited by 137
- 2024Are Large Language Models Capable of Generating Human-Level Narratives?cited by 78
34 more
- 2023EQ-Bench: An Emotional Intelligence Benchmark for Large Language Modelscited by 75
- 2024Delving into LLM-assisted writing in biomedical publications through excess vocabularycited by 75
- 2024Do LLMs write like humans? Variation in grammatical and rhetorical stylescited by 62
- 2023Goal-Driven Explainable Clustering via Language Descriptionscited by 58
- 2023On the Creativity of Large Language Modelscited by 57
- 2024Can AI writing be salvaged? Mitigating Idiosyncrasies and Improving Human-AI Alignment in the Writing Process through Editscited by 49
- 2024Echoes in AI: Quantifying lack of plot diversity in LLM outputscited by 47
- 2024Authorship Attribution in the Era of LLMs: Problems, Methodologies, and Challengescited by 46
- 2025People who frequently use ChatGPT for writing tasks are accurate and robust detectors of AI-generated textcited by 39
- 2024Training-free LLM-generated Text Detection by Mining Token Probability Sequencescited by 33
- 2024Technical Report on the Pangram AI-Generated Text Classifiercited by 32
- 2025Idiosyncrasies in Large Language Modelscited by 32
- 2024Your Large Language Models Are Leaving Fingerprintscited by 31
- 2023Experimental Narratives: A Comparison of Human Crowdsourced Storytelling and AI Storytellingcited by 26
- 2025EditLens: Quantifying the Extent of AI Editing in Textcited by 26
- 2024Imitate Before Detect: Aligning Machine Stylistic Preference for Machine-Revised Text Detectioncited by 23
- 2025QUDsim: Quantifying Discourse Similarities in LLM-Generated Textcited by 13
- 2025NarraBench: A Comprehensive Framework for Narrative Benchmarkingcited by 13
- 2025DETree: DEtecting Human-AI Collaborative Texts via Tree-Structured Hierarchical Representation Learningcited by 12
- 2025Leveraging Explainable AI for LLM Text Attribution: Differentiating Human-Written and Multiple LLMs-Generated Textcited by 11
- 2026GPTZero: Robust Detection of LLM-Generated Textscited by 10
- 2025Frankentext: Stitching random text fragments into long-form narrativescited by 8
- 2025F2LLM Technical Report: Matching SOTA Embedding Performance with 6 Million Open-Source Datacited by 8
- 2025Readers Prefer Outputs of AI Trained on Copyrighted Books over Expert Human Writerscited by 8
- 2025Learning the Wrong Lessons: Syntactic-Domain Spurious Correlations in Language Modelscited by 6
- 2026CREATE: Testing LLMs for Associative Creativitycited by 6
- 2026Alignment Whack-a-Mole : Finetuning Activates Verbatim Recall of Copyrighted Books in Large Language Modelscited by 6
- 2025Measuring LLM Novelty As The Frontier Of Original And High-Quality Outputcited by 5
- 2024Using Machine Learning to Distinguish Human-written from Machine-generated Creative Fictioncited by 4
- 2025Death of the Novel(ty): Beyond n-Gram Novelty as a Metric for Textual Creativitycited by 4
- 2026Narrative Theory-Driven LLM Methods for Automatic Story Generation and Understanding: A Surveycited by 3
- 2024The Unlikely Duel: Evaluating Creative Writing in LLMs through a Unique Scenariocited by 2
- 2025StyleDecipher: Robust and Explainable Detection of LLM-Generated Texts with Stylistic Analysiscited by 2
- 2025Evaluating LLM Story Generation through Large-scale Network Analysis of Social Structurescited by 2
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2026: 9.
9 papers.
- 2026Pangram 4 Technical Reportcited by 3
- 2026AI as a Tool for Simulation-Based Experiments in Literary Studiescited by 2
- 2026Generative AI floods and dilutes the market for bookscited by 2
- 2026Argument Collapse: LLMs Flatten Long-Form Public Debatecited by 1
- 2026Measuring, Localizing, and Ablating Alignment Signatures in LLMscited by 0
- 2026POLARIS: Guiding Small Models to Write Long Storiescited by 0
- 2026GENIE: A Fine-Grained Measure for Noveltycited by 0
- 2026The House with a Million Windows: Interactive Fiction for Narrative Restoryingcited by 0
- 2026How Much Is an AI Token Worth? Scaling Laws for Wild AI-Generated Web Textcited by 0
- 2026How Much Is an AI Token Worth? Scaling Laws for Wild AI-Generated Web Text30 Sep 2026
- 2026The House with a Million Windows: Interactive Fiction for Narrative Restorying11 Sep 2026
- 2026Pangram 4 Technical Report29 Jul 2026
- 2026Generative AI floods and dilutes the market for books22 Jul 2026
- 2026GENIE: A Fine-Grained Measure for Novelty11 Jun 2026
- 2026POLARIS: Guiding Small Models to Write Long Stories2 Jun 2026
- 2026AI as a Tool for Simulation-Based Experiments in Literary Studies1 Jun 2026
- 2026Argument Collapse: LLMs Flatten Long-Form Public Debate1 Jun 2026
- 2026Measuring, Localizing, and Ablating Alignment Signatures in LLMs28 May 2026