Learning Multi-View Spatial Reasoning from Cross-View Relations
On the map: LLM reasoning → Spatial and embodied reasoning
Abstract (arXiv)
Vision-language models (VLMs) have achieved impressive results on single-view vision tasks, but lack the multi-view spatial reasoning capabilities essential for embodied AI systems to understand 3D environments and manipulate objects across different viewpoints. In this work, we introduce Cross-View Relations (XVR), a large-scale dataset designed to teach VLMs spatial reasoning across multiple views. XVR comprises 100K vision-question-answer samples derived from 18K diverse 3D scenes and 70K robotic manipulation trajectories, spanning three fundamental spatial reasoning tasks: Correspondence (matching objects across views), Verification (validating spatial relationships), and Localization (identifying object positions). VLMs fine-tuned on XVR achieve substantial improvements on established multi-view and robotic spatial reasoning benchmarks (MindCube and RoboSpatial). When integrated as backbones in Vision-Language-Action models, XVR-trained representations improve success rates on RoboCasa. Our results demonstrate that explicit training on cross-view spatial relations significantly enhances multi-view reasoning and transfers effectively to real-world robotic manipulation.
Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Spatial and embodied reasoning, one of 17 directions in LLM reasoning. Builds on 31 of its 71 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 30 Mar 2026.
Builds on
31 of 71 references.
Closest ancestors · 8
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- 2025Seeing Across Views: Benchmarking Spatial Reasoning of Vision-Language Models in Robotic Scenes22 Oct
- 2025OmniSpatial: Towards Comprehensive Spatial Reasoning Benchmark for Vision Language Models3 Jun
- 2025MMSI-Bench: A Benchmark for Multi-Image Spatial Intelligence29 May
- 2025Robo2VLM: Visual Question Answering from Large-Scale In-the-Wild Robot Manipulation Datasets21 May
- 2025Perspective-Aware Reasoning in Vision-Language Models via Mental Imagery Simulation24 Apr
- 2025How to Enable LLM with 3D Capacity? A Survey of Spatial Reasoning in LLM8 Apr
- 2025Open3D-VQA: A Benchmark for Comprehensive Spatial Reasoning with Multimodal Large Language Model in Open Space14 Mar
- 2022SQA3D: Situated Question Answering in 3D Scenes14 Oct
Other references · 23
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- 2025π0.5: a Vision-Language-Action Model with Open-World Generalizationcited by 1,653
- 2025InternVL3.5: Advancing Open-Source Multimodal Models in Versatility, Reasoning, and Efficiencycited by 1,419
- 2025GR00T N1: An Open Foundation Model for Generalist Humanoid Robotscited by 1,167
- 2024DROID: A Large-Scale In-The-Wild Robot Manipulation Datasetcited by 801
- 2024VideoLLaMA 2: Advancing Spatial-Temporal Modeling and Audio Understanding in Video-LLMscited by 749
- 2024PaliGemma: A versatile 3B VLM for transfercited by 679
- 2024RoboCasa: Large-Scale Simulation of Everyday Tasks for Generalist Robotscited by 391
- 2025AgiBot World Colosseo: A Large-scale Manipulation Platform for Scalable and Intelligent Embodied Systemscited by 390
11 more
- 2024Mobile ALOHA: Learning Bimanual Mobile Manipulation with Low-Cost Whole-Body Teleoperationcited by 377
- 2019RoboNet: Large-Scale Multi-Robot Learningcited by 268
- 2023PaLI-X: On Scaling up a Multilingual Vision and Language Modelcited by 254
- 2025Hi Robot: Open-Ended Instruction Following with Hierarchical Vision-Language-Action Modelscited by 216
- 2023MimicPlay: Long-Horizon Imitation Learning by Watching Human Playcited by 214
- 2025Gemini Robotics 1.5: Pushing the Frontier of Generalist Robots with Advanced Embodied Reasoning, Thinking, and Motion Transfercited by 86
- 2023RoboCook: Long-Horizon Elasto-Plastic Object Manipulation with Diverse Toolscited by 75
- 2025Eagle 2: Building Post-Training Data Strategies from Scratch for Frontier Vision-Language Modelscited by 69
- 2024Do Vision-Language Models Represent Space and How? Evaluating Spatial Frame of Reference Under Ambiguitiescited by 58
- 2025Multi-SpatialMLLM: Multi-Frame Spatial Understanding with Multi-Modal Large Language Modelscited by 52
- 2025Seeing from Another Perspective: Evaluating Multi-View Understanding in MLLMscited by 16
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- 2026CrossView Suite: Harnessing Cross-view Spatial Intelligence of MLLMs with Dataset, Model and Benchmark
- 2024SpatialVLM: Endowing Vision-Language Models with Spatial Reasoning Capabilities
- 2025Spatial Understanding from Videos: Structured Prompts Meet Simulation Data
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