mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

GSEM: Graph-based Self-Evolving Memory for Experience Augmented Clinical Reasoning

arXiv 2603.22096 ↗First posted 23 Mar 2026cs.AIcited by 5

On the map: LLM reasoning → Clinical and biomedical applications

also in 1 more
Abstract (arXiv)

Clinical decision-making agents can benefit from reusing prior decision experience. However, many memory-augmented methods store experiences as independent records without explicit relational structure, which may introduce noisy retrieval, unreliable reuse, and in some cases even hurt performance compared to direct LLM inference. We propose GSEM (Graph-based Self-Evolving Memory), a clinical memory framework that organizes clinical experiences into a dual-layer memory graph, capturing both the decision structure within each experience and the relational dependencies across experiences, and supporting applicability-aware retrieval and online feedback-driven calibration of node quality and edge weights. Across MedR-Bench and MedAgentsBench with two LLM backbones, GSEM achieves the highest average accuracy among all baselines, reaching 70.90% and 69.24% with DeepSeek-V3.2 and Qwen3.5-35B, respectively. Code is available at https://github.com/xhan1022/gsem.

Key facts. Cited by 5 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Clinical and biomedical applications, one of 17 directions in LLM reasoning. Builds on 17 of its 33 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 23 Mar 2026.

Builds on

17 of 33 references.

Closest ancestors · 2

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2025MedicalAgentsBench for Complex Medical Reasoning: Comparing Internalized Reasoning Models versus Externalized Agent-based Frameworks10 Mar
  2. 2025Quantifying the Reasoning Abilities of LLMs on Real-world Clinical Cases6 Mar

Other references · 15

  1. 2024From Local to Global: A Graph RAG Approach to Query-Focused Summarizationcited by 1,411
  2. 2025A-MEM: Agentic Memory for LLM Agentscited by 1,000
  3. 2025Mem0: Building Production-Ready AI Agents with Scalable Long-Term Memorycited by 722
  4. 2025Zep: A Temporal Knowledge Graph Architecture for Agent Memorycited by 372
  5. 2024Agent Workflow Memorycited by 342
  6. 2025ReasoningBank: Scaling Agent Self-Evolving with Reasoning Memorycited by 253
  7. 2026MemRL: Self-Evolving Agents via Runtime Reinforcement Learning on Episodic Memorycited by 113
  8. 2025G-Memory: Tracing Hierarchical Memory for Multi-Agent Systemscited by 112
  9. 2024AriGraph: Learning Knowledge Graph World Models with Episodic Memory for LLM Agentscited by 100
  10. 2025MemGen: Weaving Generative Latent Memory for Self-Evolving Agentscited by 99
  11. 2025Remember Me, Refine Me: A Dynamic Procedural Memory Framework for Experience-Driven Agent Evolutioncited by 65
  12. 2024MedExQA: Medical Question Answering Benchmark with Multiple Explanationscited by 58
3 more
  1. 2025FLEX: Continuous Agent Evolution via Forward Learning from Experiencecited by 51
  2. 2025SGMem: Sentence Graph Memory for Long-Term Conversational Agentscited by 29
  3. 2025HealthFlow: A Self-Evolving AI Agent with Meta Planning for Autonomous Healthcare Researchcited by 10

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2026: 5.

5 papers.

  1. 2026The Last AI Built by Humans: Toward Genuine Recursive Self-Improvementcited by 5
  2. 2026Self-Evolving Agents as Dynamic Graph Transformation: A Survey and New Perspectivecited by 4
  3. 2026CDEG: Learning Decision-Critical Evidence for Long-Horizon Diagnostic Agentscited by 0
  4. 2026Didactic knowledge or Clinical Cases? How Data Types Shape Medical Large Language Modelscited by 0
  5. 2026Counterfactual Self-Evolving Agents for Evidence-Grounded Reasoningcited by 0

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2026Joint Optimization of Reasoning and Dual-Memory for Self-Learning Diagnostic Agent
  2. 2026MSM-Mem: A Universal Medical Structured Multimodal Memory Framework for Medical AI Agents
  3. 2026ClinicalAgents: Multi-Agent Orchestration for Clinical Decision Making with Dual-Memory
  4. 2026Personalized State-Transition-Aware Memory for Clinical Agents
  5. 2025GraphMed-LT: Patient-Specific Graph Memory with Latent Clinical Thought Refinement for Multi-Turn Medical Conversations
  6. 2026EMR: Self-Evolving Medical Multi-Agent System via Experience Mining and Reuse
  7. 2026Detecting Clinical Discrepancies in Health Coaching Agents: A Dual-Stream Memory and Reconciliation Architecture
  8. 2025Medical Reasoning in the Era of LLMs: A Systematic Review of Enhancement Techniques and Applications