MoD-DPO: Towards Mitigating Cross-modal Hallucinations in Omni LLMs using Modality Decoupled Preference Optimization
On the map: LLM alignment / RLHF / preference optimisation → Diffusion and multimodal model alignment
Abstract (arXiv)
Omni-modal large language models (omni LLMs) have recently achieved strong performance across audiovisual understanding tasks, yet they remain highly susceptible to cross-modal hallucinations arising from spurious correlations and dominant language priors. In this work, we propose Modality-Decoupled Direct Preference Optimization (MoD-DPO), a simple and effective framework for improving modality grounding in omni LLMs. MoD-DPO introduces modality-aware regularization terms that explicitly enforce invariance to corruptions in irrelevant modalities and sensitivity to perturbations in relevant modalities, thereby reducing unintended cross-modal interactions. To further mitigate over-reliance on textual priors, we incorporate a language-prior debiasing penalty that discourages hallucination-prone text-only responses. Extensive experiments across multiple audiovisual hallucination benchmarks demonstrate that MoD-DPO consistently improves perception accuracy and hallucination resistance, outperforming previous preference optimization baselines under similar training budgets. Our findings underscore the importance of modality-faithful alignment and demonstrate a scalable path toward more reliable and resilient multimodal foundation models.
Key facts. Cited by 3 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Diffusion and multimodal model alignment, one of 10 directions in LLM alignment / RLHF / preference optimisation. Builds on 49 of its 57 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 3 Mar 2026.
Builds on
49 of 57 references.
Closest ancestors · 12
Same direction, newest first
- 2025OmniDPO: A Preference Optimization Framework to Address Omni-Modal Hallucination31 Aug
- 2025OmniAlign-V: Towards Enhanced Alignment of MLLMs with Human Preference25 Feb
- 2025Re-Align: Aligning Vision Language Models via Retrieval-Augmented Direct Preference Optimization18 Feb
- 2025MM-RLHF: The Next Step Forward in Multimodal LLM Alignment14 Feb
- 2025Mitigating Hallucinations in Large Vision-Language Models via DPO: On-Policy Data Hold the Key16 Jan
- 2024Mitigating Hallucination in Multimodal Large Language Model via Hallucination-targeted Direct Preference Optimization15 Nov
- 2024V-DPO: Mitigating Hallucination in Large Vision Language Models via Vision-Guided Direct Preference Optimization5 Nov
- 2024CLIP-DPO: Vision-Language Models as a Source of Preference for Fixing Hallucinations in LVLMs19 Aug
- 2024mDPO: Conditional Preference Optimization for Multimodal Large Language Models17 Jun
- 2024Direct Preference Optimization of Video Large Multimodal Models from Language Model Reward1 Apr
- 2023RLHF-V: Towards Trustworthy MLLMs via Behavior Alignment from Fine-grained Correctional Human Feedback1 Dec
- 2023Detecting and Preventing Hallucinations in Large Vision Language Models11 Aug
Other references · 37
- 2024DeepSeekMath: Pushing the Limits of Mathematical Reasoning in Open Language Modelscited by 8,851
- 2023Direct Preference Optimization: Your Language Model is Secretly a Reward Modelcited by 7,916
- 2025Qwen2.5-VL Technical Reportcited by 5,418
- 2024GPT-4o System Cardcited by 4,467
- 2023Evaluating Object Hallucination in Large Vision-Language Modelscited by 1,696
- 2024LlamaFactory: Unified Efficient Fine-Tuning of 100+ Language Modelscited by 1,442
- 2023MVBench: A Comprehensive Multi-modal Video Understanding Benchmarkcited by 1,086
- 2024MiniCPM-V: A GPT-4V Level MLLM on Your Phonecited by 1,061
- 2024VideoLLaMA 2: Advancing Spatial-Temporal Modeling and Audio Understanding in Video-LLMscited by 749
- 2023Mitigating Object Hallucinations in Large Vision-Language Models through Visual Contrastive Decodingcited by 671
- 2023OPERA: Alleviating Hallucination in Multi-Modal Large Language Models via Over-Trust Penalty and Retrospection-Allocationcited by 468
- 2025Video-R1: Reinforcing Video Reasoning in MLLMscited by 464
25 more
- 2025Qwen3-Omni Technical Reportcited by 451
- 2023Recognize Anything: A Strong Image Tagging Modelcited by 305
- 2024MMAU: A Massive Multi-Task Audio Understanding and Reasoning Benchmarkcited by 281
- 2023Woodpecker: Hallucination Correction for Multimodal Large Language Modelscited by 223
- 2025Audio Flamingo 3: Advancing Audio Intelligence with Fully Open Large Audio Language Modelscited by 210
- 2025VITA-1.5: Towards GPT-4o Level Real-Time Vision and Speech Interactioncited by 191
- 2024HALC: Object Hallucination Reduction via Adaptive Focal-Contrast Decodingcited by 171
- 2023VALOR: Vision-Audio-Language Omni-Perception Pretraining Model and Datasetcited by 138
- 2025Daily-Omni: Towards Audio-Visual Reasoning with Temporal Alignment across Modalitiescited by 101
- 2020Human-centric Dialog Training via Offline Reinforcement Learningcited by 92
- 2024Unified Hallucination Detection for Multimodal Large Language Modelscited by 75
- 2023Open-Set Image Tagging with Multi-Grained Text Supervisioncited by 67
- 2025OmniVinci: Enhancing Architecture and Data for Omni-Modal Understanding LLMcited by 53
- 2024AVHBench: A Cross-Modal Hallucination Benchmark for Audio-Visual Large Language Modelscited by 50
- 2024The Curse of Multi-Modalities: Evaluating Hallucinations of Large Multimodal Models across Language, Visual, and Audiocited by 48
- 2024Align Anything: Training All-Modality Models to Follow Instructions with Language Feedbackcited by 38
- 2025PerturboLLaVA: Reducing Multimodal Hallucinations with Perturbative Visual Trainingcited by 37
- 2024Alleviating Hallucinations in Large Vision-Language Models through Hallucination-Induced Optimizationcited by 34
- 2025Generate, but Verify: Reducing Hallucination in Vision-Language Models with Retrospective Resamplingcited by 32
- 2025InteractiveOmni: A Unified Omni-modal Model for Audio-Visual Multi-turn Dialoguecited by 27
- 2025AVCD: Mitigating Hallucinations in Audio-Visual Large Language Models through Contrastive Decodingcited by 26
- 2024ConVis: Contrastive Decoding with Hallucination Visualization for Mitigating Hallucinations in Multimodal Large Language Modelscited by 20
- 2025OmniEval: A Benchmark for Evaluating Omni-modal Models with Visual, Auditory, and Textual Inputscited by 13
- 2024DHCP: Detecting Hallucinations by Cross-modal Attention Pattern in Large Vision-Language Modelscited by 11
- 2025CCHall: A Novel Benchmark for Joint Cross-Lingual and Cross-Modal Hallucinations Detection in Large Language Modelscited by 7
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2026: 3.
3 papers.
- 2026Buried in Textual Debt: Context Pruning with Visual Evidence Preservation for MLLM Agentscited by 0
- 2026Seeing What Should Be Heard: Diagnosing and Repairing Cross-Modal Shortcuts in Omni-Modal LLMscited by 0
- 2026Devils in Question Relay: Source-Conditioned Relay Steering to Mitigate Hallucinations in Audio-visual Large Language Modelscited by 0
- 2026Devils in Question Relay: Source-Conditioned Relay Steering to Mitigate Hallucinations in Audio-visual Large Language Models29 Sep 2026
- 2026Seeing What Should Be Heard: Diagnosing and Repairing Cross-Modal Shortcuts in Omni-Modal LLMs29 Sep 2026
- 2026Buried in Textual Debt: Context Pruning with Visual Evidence Preservation for MLLM Agents24 Aug 2026
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
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- 2025CHiP: Cross-modal Hierarchical Direct Preference Optimization for Multimodal LLMs
- 2025TARS: MinMax Token-Adaptive Preference Strategy for Hallucination Reduction in MLLMs
- 2025Cross-Modal Attention Calibration for LVLM Hallucination Mitigation
- 2025When Images Speak Louder: Mitigating Language Bias-induced Hallucinations in VLMs through Cross-Modal Guidance
- 2026OmniHallu: Unified Hallucination Detection for Cross-Modal Comprehension and Generation in Multimodal Large Language Models
- 2026Grounded Post-Training with Hard Examples for Reducing Hallucination in Multimodal Large Language Models