mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

SenTSR-Bench: Thinking with Injected Knowledge for Time-Series Reasoning

arXiv 2602.19455 ↗First posted 23 Feb 2026cs.LG cs.AI cs.CLcited by 1

On the map: LLM reasoning → Time series reasoning

Abstract (arXiv)

Time-series diagnostic reasoning is essential for many applications, yet existing solutions face a persistent gap: general reasoning large language models (GRLMs) possess strong reasoning skills but lack the domain-specific knowledge to understand complex time-series patterns. Conversely, fine-tuned time-series LLMs (TSLMs) understand these patterns but lack the capacity to generalize reasoning for more complicated questions. To bridge this gap, we propose a hybrid knowledge-injection framework that injects TSLM-generated insights directly into GRLM's reasoning trace, thereby achieving strong time-series reasoning with in-domain knowledge. As collecting data for knowledge injection fine-tuning is costly, we further leverage a reinforcement learning-based approach with verifiable rewards (RLVR) to elicit knowledge-rich traces without human supervision, then transfer such an in-domain thinking trace into GRLM for efficient knowledge injection. We further release SenTSR-Bench, a multivariate time-series-based diagnostic reasoning benchmark collected from real-world industrial operations. Across SenTSR-Bench and other public datasets, our method consistently surpasses TSLMs by 9.1%-26.1% and GRLMs by 7.9%-22.4%, delivering robust, context-aware time-series diagnostic insights.

Key facts. Cited by 1 paper in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Time series reasoning, one of 17 directions in LLM reasoning. Builds on 34 of its 40 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 23 Feb 2026.

Builds on

34 of 40 references.

Closest ancestors · 6

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2025TimeMaster: Training Time-Series Multimodal LLMs to Reason via Reinforcement Learning16 Jun
  2. 2025MTBench: A Multimodal Time Series Benchmark for Temporal Reasoning and Question Answering21 Mar
  3. 2025Evaluating System 1 vs. 2 Reasoning Approaches for Zero-Shot Time Series Forecasting: A Benchmark and Insights27 Feb
  4. 2024ChatTS: Aligning Time Series with LLMs via Synthetic Data for Enhanced Understanding and Reasoning4 Dec
  5. 2024A Picture is Worth A Thousand Numbers: Enabling LLMs Reason about Time Series via Visualization9 Nov
  6. 2024Language Models Still Struggle to Zero-shot Reason about Time Series17 Apr

Other references · 28

  1. 2025Qwen3 Technical Reportcited by 8,195
  2. 2025DeepSeek-R1: Incentivizing Reasoning Capability in LLMs via Reinforcement Learningcited by 6,146
  3. 2022Self-Consistency Improves Chain of Thought Reasoning in Language Modelscited by 5,601
  4. 2023Tree of Thoughts: Deliberate Problem Solving with Large Language Modelscited by 3,155
  5. 2025DAPO: An Open-Source LLM Reinforcement Learning System at Scalecited by 2,678
  6. 2025Group Sequence Policy Optimizationcited by 788
  7. 2023Time-LLM: Time Series Forecasting by Reprogramming Large Language Modelscited by 680
  8. 2025L1: Controlling How Long A Reasoning Model Thinks With Reinforcement Learningcited by 381
  9. 2025Monitoring Reasoning Models for Misbehavior and the Risks of Promoting Obfuscationcited by 338
  10. 2025Demystifying Long Chain-of-Thought Reasoning in LLMscited by 323
  11. 2025MiniMax-M1: Scaling Test-Time Compute Efficiently with Lightning Attentioncited by 248
  12. 2024Token-Budget-Aware LLM Reasoningcited by 242
16 more
  1. 2025Chain-of-Thought Reasoning In The Wild Is Not Always Faithfulcited by 166
  2. 2024CALF: Aligning LLMs for Time Series Forecasting via Cross-modal Fine-Tuningcited by 105
  3. 2024TimeCMA: Towards LLM-Empowered Multivariate Time Series Forecasting via Cross-Modality Alignmentcited by 97
  4. 2025How Well do LLMs Compress Their Own Chain-of-Thought? A Token Complexity Approachcited by 95
  5. 2024From News to Forecast: Integrating Event Analysis in LLM-Based Time Series Forecasting with Reflectioncited by 93
  6. 2025Time-MQA: Time Series Multi-Task Question Answering with Context Enhancementcited by 74
  7. 2024AutoTimes: Autoregressive Time Series Forecasters via Large Language Modelscited by 63
  8. 2025Effectively Controlling Reasoning Models through Thinking Interventioncited by 63
  9. 2025TimeXL: Explainable Multi-modal Time Series Prediction with LLM-in-the-Loopcited by 39
  10. 2024MEIT: Multimodal Electrocardiogram Instruction Tuning on Large Language Models for Report Generationcited by 29
  11. 2025How Can Time Series Analysis Benefit From Multiple Modalities? A Survey and Outlookcited by 20
  12. 2023Multi-Modal Deep Learning for Credit Rating Prediction Using Text and Numerical Data Streamscited by 13
  13. 2024BjTT: A Large-scale Multimodal Dataset for Traffic Predictioncited by 6
  14. 2025Reasoning Under 1 Billion: Memory-Augmented Reinforcement Learning for Large Language Modelscited by 6
  15. 2025M2AD: Multi-Sensor Multi-System Anomaly Detection through Global Scoring and Calibrated Thresholdingcited by 3
  16. 2026Is More Context Always Better? Examining LLM Reasoning Capability for Time Interval Predictioncited by 3

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2026: 1.

1 paper.

  1. 2026TimeThink: Eliciting Compositional Reasoning in Timeseries Large Language Modelscited by 0

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2025Time Series Forecasting via Reasoning: A Slow-Thinking Approach with Reinforcement Fine-Tuned LLMs
  2. 2026TimeSeriesExamAgent: Creating Time Series Reasoning Benchmarks at Scale
  3. 2026Time Series Reasoning via Process-Verifiable Thinking Data Synthesis and Scheduling for Tailored LLM Reasoning
  4. 2026KairosVL: Orchestrating Time Series and Semantics for Unified Reasoning
  5. 2026Thoth: Mid-Training Bridges LLMs to Time Series Understanding
  6. 2026From Recognition to Understanding: Unlocking Cognitive Time Series Reasoning with LLMs
  7. 2024Towards Time Series Reasoning with LLMs
  8. 2025Chat-TS: Enhancing Multi-Modal Reasoning Over Time-Series and Natural Language Data