mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Is More Context Always Better? Examining LLM Reasoning Capability for Time Interval Prediction

arXiv 2601.10132 ↗First posted 15 Jan 2026cs.AI cs.LGcited by 3

On the map: LLM reasoning → Knowledge- and tool-augmented reasoning

Abstract (arXiv)

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in reasoning and prediction across different domains. Yet, their ability to infer temporal regularities from structured behavioral data remains underexplored. This paper presents a systematic study investigating whether LLMs can predict time intervals between recurring user actions, such as repeated purchases, and how different levels of contextual information shape their predictive behavior. Using a simple but representative repurchase scenario, we benchmark state-of-the-art LLMs in zero-shot settings against both statistical and machine-learning models. Two key findings emerge. First, while LLMs surpass lightweight statistical baselines, they consistently underperform dedicated machine-learning models, showing their limited ability to capture quantitative temporal structure. Second, although moderate context can improve LLM accuracy, adding further user-level detail degrades performance. These results challenge the assumption that "more context leads to better reasoning". Our study highlights fundamental limitations of today's LLMs in structured temporal inference and offers guidance for designing future context-aware hybrid models that integrate statistical precision with linguistic flexibility.

Key facts. Cited by 3 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Knowledge- and tool-augmented reasoning, one of 17 directions in LLM reasoning. Builds on 8 of its 13 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 15 Jan 2026.

Builds on

8 of 13 references.

References · 8

  1. 2023GPT-4 Technical Reportcited by 18,132
  2. 2025Gemini 2.5: Pushing the Frontier with Advanced Reasoning, Multimodality, Long Context, and Next Generation Agentic Capabilitiescited by 3,655
  3. 2023Time-LLM: Time Series Forecasting by Reprogramming Large Language Modelscited by 680
  4. 2023Large Language Models Are Zero-Shot Time Series Forecasterscited by 491
  5. 2024LSTPrompt: Large Language Models as Zero-Shot Time Series Forecasters by Long-Short-Term Promptingcited by 56
  6. 2024Time Series Forecasting with LLMs: Understanding and Enhancing Model Capabilitiescited by 48
  7. 2025Not Just What, But When: Integrating Irregular Intervals to LLM for Sequential Recommendationcited by 2
  8. 2025S2SRec2: Set-to-Set Recommendation for Basket Completion with Recipecited by 1

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2026: 3.

3 papers.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2025Temporal Referential Consistency: Do LLMs Favor Sequences Over Absolute Time References?
  2. 2025TIME: A Multi-level Benchmark for Temporal Reasoning of LLMs in Real-World Scenarios
  3. 2023Are Large Language Models Temporally Grounded?
  4. 2025Discrete Minds in a Continuous World: Do Language Models Know Time Passes?
  5. 2023MenatQA: A New Dataset for Testing the Temporal Comprehension and Reasoning Abilities of Large Language Models
  6. 2024Time Awareness in Large Language Models: Benchmarking Fact Recall Across Time
  7. 2024Test of Time: A Benchmark for Evaluating LLMs on Temporal Reasoning
  8. 2024A Picture is Worth A Thousand Numbers: Enabling LLMs Reason about Time Series via Visualization