mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

GameTalk: Training LLMs for Strategic Conversation

arXiv 2601.16276 ↗First posted 22 Jan 2026cs.CL cs.AI cs.GTcited by 1

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Abstract (arXiv)

Strategic decision-making in multi-agent settings is a key challenge for large language models (LLMs), particularly when coordination and negotiation must unfold over extended conversations. While recent work has explored the use of LLMs in isolated decision tasks, little attention has been given to optimizing long-term objectives through dialogue. We introduce GameTalk, a framework for training LLMs to make strategic decisions via multi-turn interactions. Unlike prior work that focuses on single-turn objectives or static action prediction, we train LLMs to optimize a global objective across full conversations. We achieve this by adapting fine-tuning methods like GRPO, DPO, and STaR to incorporate reward signals that depend on the entire interaction. We evaluate this approach on a suite of increasingly complex games, designed to stress different aspects of reasoning, coordination, and opponent modeling. Our results show that GameTalk significantly outperforms untrained models, especially under reward shaping, with DPO consistently yielding the strongest gains. These findings position conversational fine-tuning as a promising path for LLMs to reason, negotiate, and act in interactive environments.

Key facts. Cited by 1 paper in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 14 of its 62 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 22 Jan 2026.

Builds on

14 of 62 references.

References · 14

  1. 2022Training language models to follow instructions with human feedbackcited by 15,712
  2. 2021LoRA: Low-Rank Adaptation of Large Language Modelscited by 14,084
  3. 2024DeepSeekMath: Pushing the Limits of Mathematical Reasoning in Open Language Modelscited by 8,851
  4. 2023Direct Preference Optimization: Your Language Model is Secretly a Reward Modelcited by 7,916
  5. 2019Dream to Control: Learning Behaviors by Latent Imaginationcited by 1,598
  6. 2023Mastering Diverse Domains through World Modelscited by 1,193
  7. 2019PEGASUS: Pre-training with Extracted Gap-sentences for Abstractive Summarizationcited by 1,100
  8. 2024GTBench: Uncovering the Strategic Reasoning Limitations of LLMs via Game-Theoretic Evaluationscited by 118
  9. 2023Cooperation, Competition, and Maliciousness: LLM-Stakeholders Interactive Negotiationcited by 94
  10. 2024Self-playing Adversarial Language Game Enhances LLM Reasoningcited by 80
  11. 2024How Far Are We on the Decision-Making of LLMs? Evaluating LLMs' Gaming Ability in Multi-Agent Environmentscited by 66
  12. 2024Shall We Team Up: Exploring Spontaneous Cooperation of Competing LLM Agentscited by 48
2 more
  1. 2024Hypothetical Minds: Scaffolding Theory of Mind for Multi-Agent Tasks with Large Language Modelscited by 45
  2. 2024Language-based game theory in the age of artificial intelligencecited by 9

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Citing papers per year: 2026: 1.

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  1. 2024STRIDE: A Tool-Assisted LLM Agent Framework for Strategic and Interactive Decision-Making
  2. 2023Strategic Reasoning with Language Models
  3. 2026LinguaGame: A Linguistically Grounded Game-Theoretic Paradigm for Multi-Agent Dialogue Generation
  4. 2024LLM as a Mastermind: A Survey of Strategic Reasoning with Large Language Models
  5. 2025Grounding Natural Language for Multi-agent Decision-Making with Multi-agentic LLMs
  6. 2024clembench-2024: A Challenging, Dynamic, Complementary, Multilingual Benchmark and Underlying Flexible Framework for LLMs as Multi-Action Agents
  7. 2025Tracing LLM Reasoning Processes with Strategic Games: A Framework for Planning, Revision, and Resource-Constrained Decision Making
  8. 2025Multi-Turn Puzzles: Evaluating Interactive Reasoning and Strategic Dialogue in LLMs